Epidemiology and Genetics of Tanning Addiction

晒黑成瘾的流行病学和遗传学

• 批准号: 8031944
• 负责人: Brenda Cartmel
• 金额: $ 21.6万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-01-14 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8031944
• 关键词: Addictive Behavior; Address; Age; Attitude; Basal cell carcinoma; Beds; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral Sciences; Biological; Candidate Disease Gene; Case-Control Studies; Circadian Rhythm Pathway; Cutaneous Melanoma; DNA; Data; Data Collection; Dependence; Development; Education; Endorphins; Exposure to; Funding; Genes; Genetic; Genotype; Goals; Health behavior; Incidence; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Malignant Neoplasms; Mental Depression; Motivation; Opioid; Participant; Persons; Physiological; Population; Population Study; Prevalence; Public Health; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Risk; Role; Sampling; Seasonal Affective Disorder; Skin Cancer; Skin Carcinoma; Skin tanning; Substance Addiction; Substance-Related Disorders; Surveys; Time; Ultraviolet Rays; United States; addiction; aged; base; cancer epidemiology; cancer risk; case control; cost; early onset; effective intervention; epidemiology study; genetic epidemiology; innovation; melanoma; member; novel strategies; psychologic; response; sex; ultraviolet

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Despite extensive knowledge and education about the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) light, the incidence of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers is continuing to increase. For behavioral interventions to be effective, it is critical to understand the factors that underlie behaviors. Recent research suggests there may be physiological effects of UV exposure (e.g. release of endorphins) that motivate tanning behaviors, and that tanning addiction may be a physiological phenomenon, with possible genetic modifiers as has been shown for other addictive behaviors. As we are collecting extensive data on tanning behaviors and attitudes towards tanning within our large case-control study on early onset (aged under 40) basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and have DNA samples, we have a unique opportunity to cost-effectively evaluate this newer hypothesis. We propose to assess tanning dependence (defined by analogy with generally-recognized forms of substance dependence) and the relationship between tanning dependence and addiction risk genes within the setting of our BCC case-control study. More specifically, we propose to administer an additional survey to assess tanning dependence (addiction) to participants of our study of early onset skin cancer, which will allow us to address the following aims: (1) To assess the prevalence of tanning dependence in cases and controls, by sex; (2) To assess the association between tanning dependence (addiction) and actual tanning behaviors (e.g., indoor and outdoor tanning); that is, how much of tanning behavior in young people is explained by addiction?; (3) To assess the role of candidate genes that are thought to be related to multiple types of addiction (members of the opioid pathway, and circadian rhythm genes) in tanning addiction. These data will synergize with our case-control study data to provide a comprehensive picture of tanning motivation and behavior in relation to skin cancer risk. If we find involvement of genes in tanning addiction that are related to other types of addiction, this would warrant new approaches to reduce harmful exposures in dependent persons as has been done with other harmful addictive disorders. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed study will investigate the epidemiology and genetics of tanning dependence (addiction) which will help us better understand motivation for tanning and open new avenues for development of innovative interventions to reduce ultraviolet light exposure and ultimately reduce melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers. Developing more effective interventions is essential as skin cancer is the most common cancer in the United States and the incidence of both melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer continues to increase.

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管人们对紫外线 (UV) 的有害影响有广泛的了解和教育，但黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的发病率仍在持续增加。为了使行为干预有效，了解行为背后的因素至关重要。最近的研究表明，紫外线照射可能会产生生理效应（例如释放内啡肽），从而激发晒黑行为，而晒黑成瘾可能是一种生理现象，可能与其他成瘾行为一样具有遗传修饰作用。由于我们正在针对早发（40 岁以下）基底细胞癌 (BCC) 的大型病例对照研究中收集有关晒黑行为和晒黑态度的大量数据，并拥有 DNA 样本，因此我们有一个独特的机会来经济高效地评估这一新假设。我们建议在 BCC 病例对照研究的背景下评估晒黑依赖（通过与普遍认可的物质依赖形式类比来定义）以及晒黑依赖与成瘾风险基因之间的关系。更具体地说，我们建议进行一项额外的调查，以评估我们早发性皮肤癌研究参与者的晒黑依赖（成瘾），这将使我们能够实现以下目标：（1）按性别评估病例和对照中晒黑依赖的患病率； (2) 评估晒黑依赖（成瘾）与实际晒黑行为（例如室内和室外晒黑）之间的关联；也就是说，年轻人的晒黑行为有多少是由成瘾引起的？ (3) 评估被认为与多种成瘾类型相关的候选基因（阿片类途径成员和昼夜节律基因）在晒黑成瘾中的作用。这些数据将与我们的病例对照研究数据相结合，提供与皮肤癌风险相关的晒黑动机和行为的全面了解。如果我们发现与其他类型的成瘾相关的基因参与晒黑成瘾，那么就需要采取新的方法来减少依赖者的有害暴露，就像对待其他有害的成瘾性疾病所做的那样。 公共健康相关性：拟议的研究将调查晒黑依赖（成瘾）的流行病学和遗传学，这将帮助我们更好地了解晒黑的动机，并为开发创新干预措施以减少紫外线暴露并最终减少黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌开辟新途径。制定更有效的干预措施至关重要，因为皮肤癌是美国最常见的癌症，并且黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的发病率持续增加。