MAG. SOUR. IMAG. & THE RE-ORG. OF COGNIT. FUNCT. IN CHILDREN WITH SPINA BIFIDA

磁力。

• 批准号: 7567490
• 负责人: ANDREW C. PAPANICOLAOU
• 金额: $ 21.38万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7567490
• 关键词: Address; Attention; Birth; Brain; Cerebellar malformation; Cerebrum; Child; Classification; Cognitive; Comprehension; Discrimination; Face; First Pregnancy Trimester; Hydrocephalus; Image; Language; Magnetism; Maps; Mediating; Motor; Neurologic; Neurons; Parietal Lobe; Perception; Personal Satisfaction; Procedures; Reading; Role; Sampling; Source; Spinal Dysraphism; Stenosis; Upper Extremity; Variant; Visual Perception; Visual attention; base; research study; skills; somatosensory

The objective of this proposal is to utilize magnetic source imaging (MSI) to evaluate the organization of brain functions in children with spina bifida (SB). Children with SB sustain a congenital insult to the brain that begins in the first trimester and results in hydrocephalus that is usually treated at birth. It is well-established that many children with SB have unusual profiles of cognitive ability, with strengths in word reading, math facts, and object-based visual perception in the face of difficulties with reading comprehension, math procedures, and many aspects of action-based visual perception, attention, and motor function. What is unclear is how the SB brain mediates these functions and the extent to which variations within the SB group reflect differences in cerebral reorganization. In this proposal, we propose systematic explorations of functional organization of key motor, somatosensory, language, and cognitive skills that characterize the modal profile associated with SB in a sample of 136 children with SB, 20 with aqueductal stenosis (AS), and 60 controls. Four specific aims are proposed, each representing a separate experiment. Aim 1 (Motor, somatosensory, and language mapping) attempts to identify the brain activation profiles indicative of the neuronal mechanisms that mediate basic somatosensory and motor functions of the upper extremities as well as receptive language function among 136 SB children and 60 controls. Aim 2 (Reading and arithmetic) addresses the representation of reading and math skills in 60 children with SB who vary in these skills. Aim 3 (Visual attention) addresses the role of the parietal lobe in mediating visual attention skills using a line bisection task in 40 children with SB divided according to whether they show or do not show a leftward bias on a horizontal line bisection task in Project 3, and 20 controls. Aim 4 (Rhythm discrimination) uses a rhythm perception task to assess cerebellar function in 20 children with SB characterized by early hydrocephalus and a congenital cerebellar malformation, 20 with AS characterized by early hydrocephalus, but no cerebellar malformation, and 20 controls. The results should help establish how the congenitally malformed brain reorganizes function as well as help establish the basis for the neurological mechanisms by which these functions are mediated in children with SB.

该提案的目的是利用磁源成像（MSI）来评估脊柱裂（SB）儿童的大脑功能组织。患有 SB 的儿童在妊娠前三个月会遭受先天性的大脑损伤，并导致脑积水，通常在出生时进行治疗。众所周知，许多 SB 儿童具有不同寻常的认知能力，在文字阅读、数学事实和基于对象的视觉方面具有优势 面对阅读理解、数学程序以及基于动作的视觉感知、注意力和运动功能的许多方面的困难时的感知。目前尚不清楚的是 SB 大脑如何介导这些功能以及 SB 组内的变化在多大程度上反映了大脑重组的差异。在本提案中，我们建议对关键运动、体感、语言和认知技能的功能组织进行系统性探索，这些技能表征了 136 名 SB 儿童、20 名导水管狭窄 (AS) 儿童和 60 名对照儿童样本中与 SB 相关的模态特征。提出了四个具体目标，每个目标代表一个单独的实验。目标 1（运动、体感和语言映射）试图识别大脑激活概况，以指示介导上肢基本体感和运动功能以及接受能力的神经元机制 136 名 SB 儿童和 60 名对照者的语言功能。目标 2（阅读和算术）涉及 60 名 SB 儿童的阅读和数学技能表现，这些儿童的技能各不相同。目标 3（视觉注意力）通过对 40 名 SB 儿童进行线二分任务，探讨顶叶在调节视觉注意力技能中的作用，根据他们在项目中的水平线二分任务中是否表现出左偏向进行划分 3、20个控制。目标 4（节律辨别）使用节律感知任务来评估 20 名以早期脑积水和先天性小脑畸形为特征的 SB 儿童、20 名以早期脑积水但无小脑畸形为特征的 AS 儿童以及 20 名对照儿童的小脑功能。研究结果应该有助于确定先天畸形的大脑如何重组功能，并有助于为神经学奠定基础。 SB 儿童介导这些功能的机制。