Maintenance of cellular memory through replication
Maintenance of cellular memory through replication
批准号:
9796630
负责人:
Srinivas Ramachandran
金额:
$38.88万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2019
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2019-08-09 至 2024-07-31
关键词:
AdultBindingBinding SitesBiologicalCell CycleCell divisionCellsChromatinDNADNA replication forkDevelopmentDiseaseEmbryoEnhancersEpigenetic ProcessGene ExpressionGenesGenetic TranscriptionGenomeGenomicsGoalsGrowthHistone H3InvestigationLeadMaintenanceMemoryMethodsNucleosomesOrganismPolycombProteinsReplication-Associated ProcessRepressionShapesSiteTimecell typechromatin remodelinggene repressiongenome-wideprogramspromotertranscription factor
中文摘要
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英文摘要
SUMMARY
The ability to express different genes in different cell types is crucial to development of a
multicellular organism. This cell-type specific gene expression relies on memory of
activation and repression of genes through successive rounds of cell division as the
organism develops from an embryo to an adult. An important component of the memory
of cellular identity is the cell’s chromatin state. To maintain a transcriptional program, the
cell has to maintain accessibility at active promoters and enhancers and occlusion at
repressed promoters and enhancers. However, the passage of replication forks during
every cell cycle obliterates cell-type specific chromatin landscapes. Our overarching goal
is to determine how chromatin landscapes are sustained in spite of nucleosome dynamics
throughout the cell cycle, thus maintaining cellular memory. Here, we will use genomic
methods we develop(ed) to identify cellular mechanisms that maintain chromatin
landscapes despite the erasing effects of replication. We will pursue two lines of
investigations: First, we will identify how transcription factors find their binding sites after
being stripped from the DNA during process of replication. We have shown that
transcription factors are replaced by nucleosomes genome-wide post-replication. By
tracking transcription factor binding to DNA and DNA accessibility as a function of time
post-replication, we will uncover the determinants of transcription factor site selectivity.
We will also study the effect of chromatin remodeler function in creating transcription
factor binding sites post-replication. Second, we will elucidate cellular mechanisms that
maintain repressed chromatin landscapes through replication at epigenetically silenced
domains that are characterized by trimethylated histone H3 (H3K27me3), which we call
“Polycomb domains”. Polycomb group proteins maintain repressed states at these
domains. Mechanisms that carry memory of repression through replication have to act
within a single cell cycle, every cell cycle. We will combine tracking chromatin states
genome-wide post-replication with carefully chosen perturbations of Polycomb group
proteins to uncover mechanisms that maintain this repressed state through replication.
Taken together, these studies will not only resolve long-standing questions in transcription
factor-site selectivity and Polycomb repression, but will also serve as a framework to
understand how chromatin dynamics can shape genome function in many biological
contexts.
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Maintenance of cellular memory through replication
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批准号:10673386
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$0.2万
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财政年份:2019
-
负责人:Srinivas Ramachandran
-
依托单位:
Maintenance of cellular memory through replication
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批准号:10224724
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$38.88万
-
财政年份:2019
-
负责人:Srinivas Ramachandran
-
依托单位:
Maintenance of cellular memory through replication
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批准号:10673777
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$38.88万
-
财政年份:2019
-
负责人:Srinivas Ramachandran
-
依托单位:
Maintenance of cellular memory through replication
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批准号:10459281
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$38.88万
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财政年份:2019
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负责人:Srinivas Ramachandran
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依托单位:
Diversity Supplement: Irma Zenteno
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批准号:10405927
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$2.22万
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财政年份:2019
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负责人:Srinivas Ramachandran
-
依托单位:
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