Maintenance of cellular memory through replication
通过复制维持细胞记忆
基本信息
- 批准号:10224724
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 38.88万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2019
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2019-08-09 至 2024-07-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AdultBindingBinding SitesBiologicalCell CycleCell divisionCellsChromatinDNADNA replication forkDevelopmentDiseaseEmbryoEnhancersGene ExpressionGenesGenetic TranscriptionGenomeGenomicsGoalsGrowthHistone H3InvestigationLeadMaintenanceMemoryMethodsNucleosomesOrganismPolycombProteinsReplication-Associated ProcessRepressionShapesSiteTimecell typechromatin remodelingepigenetic silencinggene repressiongenome-wideprogramspromotertranscription factor
项目摘要
SUMMARY
The ability to express different genes in different cell types is crucial to development of a
multicellular organism. This cell-type specific gene expression relies on memory of
activation and repression of genes through successive rounds of cell division as the
organism develops from an embryo to an adult. An important component of the memory
of cellular identity is the cell’s chromatin state. To maintain a transcriptional program, the
cell has to maintain accessibility at active promoters and enhancers and occlusion at
repressed promoters and enhancers. However, the passage of replication forks during
every cell cycle obliterates cell-type specific chromatin landscapes. Our overarching goal
is to determine how chromatin landscapes are sustained in spite of nucleosome dynamics
throughout the cell cycle, thus maintaining cellular memory. Here, we will use genomic
methods we develop(ed) to identify cellular mechanisms that maintain chromatin
landscapes despite the erasing effects of replication. We will pursue two lines of
investigations: First, we will identify how transcription factors find their binding sites after
being stripped from the DNA during process of replication. We have shown that
transcription factors are replaced by nucleosomes genome-wide post-replication. By
tracking transcription factor binding to DNA and DNA accessibility as a function of time
post-replication, we will uncover the determinants of transcription factor site selectivity.
We will also study the effect of chromatin remodeler function in creating transcription
factor binding sites post-replication. Second, we will elucidate cellular mechanisms that
maintain repressed chromatin landscapes through replication at epigenetically silenced
domains that are characterized by trimethylated histone H3 (H3K27me3), which we call
“Polycomb domains”. Polycomb group proteins maintain repressed states at these
domains. Mechanisms that carry memory of repression through replication have to act
within a single cell cycle, every cell cycle. We will combine tracking chromatin states
genome-wide post-replication with carefully chosen perturbations of Polycomb group
proteins to uncover mechanisms that maintain this repressed state through replication.
Taken together, these studies will not only resolve long-standing questions in transcription
factor-site selectivity and Polycomb repression, but will also serve as a framework to
understand how chromatin dynamics can shape genome function in many biological
contexts.
总结
在不同类型的细胞中表达不同基因的能力对于细胞的发育至关重要。
这种细胞类型特异性的基因表达依赖于记忆,
通过连续的细胞分裂,基因的激活和抑制,
有机体从胚胎发育到成年。记忆的重要组成部分
细胞身份的标志是细胞的染色质状态。为了维持转录程序,
细胞必须保持活性启动子和增强子的可及性,
抑制启动子和增强子。然而,复制过程中出现分叉,
每一个细胞周期都消除了细胞类型特异的染色质景观。
是为了确定染色质景观是如何维持的,尽管核小体动力学
在整个细胞周期中,从而维持细胞记忆。在这里,我们将使用基因组
我们开发的方法(艾德)用于鉴定维持染色质的细胞机制
尽管复制的擦除效果的景观。我们将追求两行
调查:首先,我们将确定转录因子如何找到他们的结合位点后,
在复制过程中从DNA中剥离。我们已经证明,
复制后转录因子被核小体全基因组取代。
跟踪与DNA结合的转录因子和作为时间函数的DNA可及性
在转录后复制中,我们将揭示转录因子位点选择性的决定因素。
我们还将研究染色质重塑功能在转录过程中的作用
第二,我们将阐明细胞机制,
通过表观遗传沉默的复制维持被抑制的染色质景观
结构域的特征是三甲基化组蛋白H3(H3K27me3),我们称之为
“Polycomb domains”. 多梳族蛋白在这些温度下保持受抑制的状态。
通过复制传递压抑记忆的机制必须发挥作用,
在单个细胞周期内,每个细胞周期。我们将联合收割机跟踪染色质状态
全基因组DNA后复制与仔细选择的Polycomb群扰动
蛋白质来揭示通过复制维持这种抑制状态的机制。
总而言之,这些研究不仅将解决转录中长期存在的问题,
因子位点选择性和Polycomb抑制,但也将作为一个框架,
了解染色质动力学如何在许多生物学中塑造基因组功能
contexts.
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Srinivas Ramachandran其他文献
Srinivas Ramachandran的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Srinivas Ramachandran', 18)}}的其他基金
Maintenance of cellular memory through replication
通过复制维持细胞记忆
- 批准号:
10673386 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 38.88万 - 项目类别:
Maintenance of cellular memory through replication
通过复制维持细胞记忆
- 批准号:
10673777 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 38.88万 - 项目类别:
Maintenance of cellular memory through replication
通过复制维持细胞记忆
- 批准号:
10459281 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 38.88万 - 项目类别:
Maintenance of cellular memory through replication
通过复制维持细胞记忆
- 批准号:
9796630 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 38.88万 - 项目类别:
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