Sensory Basis for Speech Motor Learning

言语运动学习的感觉基础

• 批准号: 9817291
• 负责人: DAVID J OSTRY
• 金额: $ 51.28万
• 依托单位: HASKINS LABORATORIES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9817291
• 关键词: Affect; Area; Articulators; Auditory; Auditory area; Behavioral; Brain; Brodmann' s area; Classification; Data; Development; Experimental Models; Feedback; Impairment; Intervention; Learning; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Memory; Modeling; Motor; Motor Cortex; Movement; Participant; Pattern; Perception; Play; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Production; Rehabilitation therapy; Robot; Role; Sensory; Series; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Somatosensory Cortex; Speech; Speech Perception; Speech Sound; Structure; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Work; behavioral outcome; design; experience; experimental study; face skin; learning network; memory consolidation; motor control; motor disorder; motor learning; neuroimaging; novel; novel strategies; robotic device; sensory system; somatosensory; sound

Project Summary / Abstract This project will test a new model of speech motor learning that focuses on plasticity in sensory systems and its effects on speech movements and speech perception. The associated experiments are motivated by the results of our preliminary work and each tests a novel hypothesis related to our new model. The studies in Aim 1 use continuous theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation to disrupt activity in auditory and somatosensory cortex following speech motor adaptation to test the hypothesis that these sensory areas of the brain are involved in the consolidation of speech motor memory. Aim 2 tests the hypothesis that sensory working memory plays a determining role in speech motor learning. If this is the case, then if brain areas in prefrontal cortex that are associated with sensory working memory are suppressed, both learning and working memory should be impaired. In Aim 3, we test the hypothesis that speech perception is influenced by the repeated pairing of auditory and somatosensory feedback during speech motor learning. If this is the case, then manipulating somatosensory inputs in an experimental model of speech learning, which includes paired somatosensory and auditory signals, should result in subsequent changes to the perceptual classification of speech sounds. Our preliminary work on each of the three aims supports the idea that sensory plasticity plays a key role in speech motor learning and perception, and underscores the need to include these effects in models of speech motor learning. A more complete model of speech motor learning is critical if we are to understand basic mechanisms and develop novel approaches to treatment and rehabilitation for people who are affected by speech motor disorders.

项目总结/摘要 这个项目将测试一种新的语言运动学习模型，该模型侧重于感觉系统的可塑性 及其对言语运动和言语感知的影响。相关实验的动机是 通过我们的初步工作的结果，每个测试一个新的假设与我们的新模型。的 目标1中的研究使用连续θ脉冲串经颅磁刺激来破坏听觉活动， 和躯体感觉皮层后的言语运动适应，以测试这一假设，这些感觉 大脑的某些区域参与巩固言语运动记忆。目标2检验假设 感觉工作记忆在言语运动学习中起着决定性的作用。如果是这样的话， 前额叶皮层中与感觉工作记忆相关的大脑区域受到抑制， 学习和工作记忆会受损。在目标3中，我们测试了言语感知的假设， 在言语运动过程中，听觉反馈和体感反馈的重复配对会影响言语运动 学习如果是这样的话，那么在语音实验模型中操纵体感输入， 学习，包括成对的躯体感觉和听觉信号，应该会导致随后的变化 语音的感知分类。我们在这三个目标中的每一个目标上的初步工作都支持 感觉可塑性在言语运动学习和感知中起着关键作用，并强调了 需要将这些影响纳入言语运动学习模型。一个更完整的语音模型 如果我们要理解基本机制并开发新的方法， 为受言语运动障碍影响的人提供治疗和康复。