Alcohol Research Training: Methods & Mechanisms

酒精研究培训：方法

• 批准号: 9302596
• 负责人: BARBARA S MCCRADY
• 金额: $ 40.59万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-01 至 2020-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9302596
• 关键词: Methods; Research Training; alcohol research

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The central aim of the University of New Mexico (UNM) alcohol research training program in methods and mechanisms of change is to provide multidisciplinary pre- and postdoctoral training to prepare future scientists to conduct research on the processes of change in drinking behavior, to develop and test effective models for impacting change through improved approaches to treatment and indicated prevention, and to develop and test models to disseminate knowledge of effective interventions to diverse populations. Central questions that address include: (1) What factors stimulate change in at-risk and clinical populations? (2) What psychological, social, and biological mechanisms underlie successful change at the individual level? (3) How does modeling of different trajectories of change contribute to understanding change processes? (4) What types of interventions are more and less effective in creating long-term behavior change, and, equally important, what specific aspects of treatments account for their effectiveness? (5) How do change processes and interventions vary based on individual differences (e.g. genetic profiles, sociodemographic characteristics, co-morbidity, and social/cultural environment)? (6) What are effective and efficient approaches to disseminate knowledge about successful behavior change? The proposed training program would support 4 pre-doctoral fellows, drawn from the Department of Psychology at the University of New Mexico, and 3 post-doctoral fellows from disciplines relevant to the goals of the training program, including psychology, sociology, communication, psychiatry, social work, and health economics. The program will be directed and run at the Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions (CASAA), a multidisciplinary center devoted to treatment, prevention, and epidemiological research on alcohol and other substance use disorders. The UNM Department of Psychology and the Mind Research Network (MRN), a private, non-profit neuroimaging center on the UNM campus, are important contributing partners. CASAA investigators have a strong record of research on effective models for prevention and treatment to reduce alcohol-related harm, research on active ingredients of treatment and underlying mechanisms of change, and dissemination/diffusion research. The strong human neuroscience group at the MRN brings complementary research skills to the training program. The present application requests five more years of funding for the UNM training program, which was initiated in July, 2010.

 描述（由申请人提供）：新墨西哥大学（UNM）关于改变方法和机制的酒精研究培训计划的中心目标是提供多学科的博士前和博士后培训，为未来的科学家做好饮酒行为改变过程研究的准备，开发和测试通过改进治疗和指示预防方法影响改变的有效模型，并开发和测试模型以向不同人群传播有效干预措施的知识。解决的核心问题包括：(1) 哪些因素刺激高危人群和临床人群发生变化？ (2) 哪些心理、社会和生物机制是个人层面成功变革的基础？ (3) 不同变革轨迹的建模如何有助于理解变革过程？ (4) 哪些类型的干预措施在创造长期行为改变方面或多或少有效，同样重要的是，治疗的哪些具体方面决定了其有效性？ (5) 改变过程和干预措施如何根据个体差异（例如遗传特征、社会人口特征、共病和社会/文化环境）而变化？ (6) 传播有关成功行为改变的知识的有效且高效的方法是什么？拟议的培训计划将支持来自新墨西哥大学心理学系的 4 名博士前研究员，以及来自与培训计划目标相关学科的 3 名博士后研究员，包括心理学、社会学、传播学、精神病学、社会工作和卫生经济学。该计划将在酗酒、药物滥用和成瘾中心 (CASAA) 指导和运行，该中心是一个多学科中心，致力于酒精和其他药物滥用障碍的治疗、预防和流行病学研究。新墨西哥大学心理学系和心灵研究网络 (MRN)（新墨西哥大学校园内的一个私人非营利性神经影像中心）是重要的贡献合作伙伴。 CASAA 研究人员在减少酒精相关危害的有效预防和治疗模型、治疗活性成分和潜在变化机制的研究以及传播/扩散研究方面拥有丰富的研究记录。 MRN 强大的人类神经科学小组为培训项目带来了互补的研究技能。本申请请求为 2010 年 7 月启动的新墨西哥州培训计划再提供五年的资助。