Understanding Social Affiliative Deficits in Psychopathology

了解精神病理学中的社会归属缺陷

• 批准号: 9162337
• 负责人: JACK J. BLANCHARD
• 金额: $ 57万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-08 至 2020-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9162337
• 关键词: Activities of Daily Living; Address; Affective; Anhedonia; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Brain; Clinical; Clinical assessments; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive deficits; Communication; Communities; Corpus striatum structure; Cues; Development; Disease; Educational workshop; Emotional; Emotions; Face; Failure; Family member; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Human; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Incentives; Individual; Interview; Laboratories; Learning; Learning Disturbances; Link; Methods; Motivation; Neurobiology; Patient Self-Report; Persons; Population Research; Process; Psychopathology; Psychotic Disorders; Regulation; Research; Research Domain Criteria; Rewards; Sampling; Scanning; Schizophrenia; Smiling; Social Environment; Social Functioning; Social Interaction; Social Processes; Societies; Specificity; Stimulus; System; Testing; Work; base; clinically significant; developmental disease; dyadic interaction; emotion regulation; experience; functional outcomes; impression; in vivo; insight; neural circuit; neuroregulation; novel; novel strategies; pleasure; relating to nervous system; response; self reported behavior; skills; social; social skills; stressor; therapy development

As defined by the RDoC Social Processes Workshop, affiliation is the engagement in positive social interactions with others. The desire to affiliate has been described as a fundamental human motivation. However, impairments in the drive to affiliate occur across multiple clinical disorders and these affiliative impairments have devastating consequences for individuals, their family members, and society. Despite the major clinical significance of impairments in social affiliation, the factors that contribute to affiliative impairment are poorly understood. We propose a multi-method assessment of a large and diverse clinical sample to examine how social affiliative deficits are associated with a) the social regulation of neural systems relating to emotion as assessed through a novel fMRI paradigm for studying the in vivo social regulation of emotion in the context of affiliative relationships, b) neural processes associated with social reward, c) learning of the positive affective value of others, and d) behavioral affiliative skills. Consistent with the RDoC, this application will include assessment of affiliation processes across units of analyses including circuits, behavior, and self-report within a transdiagnostic sample of individuals with psychotic disorders. With regard to the study of neural systems, a powerful mechanism that may underlie the motivation for social contact is the social regulation of emotion, particularly the social regulation of threat responding. We propose the use of a novel paradigm to create affiliative relationships within the lab and subsequently will examine how this affiliative relationship regulates emotional responding to a stressor (a key function of affiliative relationships) within an fMRI scan. Specifically, we will examine the hypothesis that affiliative deficits are associated with the failure of social contact to down regulate neural activity in the context of a stressor. In addition to the benefits that affiliation provides when responding to threat, the motivation for social relationships may derive from activation of neural systems involved in reward. We will also explore the contribution of reward circuits to affiliative impairment using both social and monetary reward paradigms. Beyond neural responding, the proposed study will examine how individuals form behavior-based impressions of others in ways that may facilitate or impede social affiliation. We will examine the hypothesis that deficits in affiliation are associated with impairments in the ability to use behavior-based person information to form positive impressions concerning the affective value of others in the social environment. Finally, behavioral social skills form the basis for effective communication and are thought to be critical to social competence. We will examine the hypothesis that impairments in social affiliation are specifically related to deficits in behavioral affiliative skills. The proposed study will provide an integrative perspective to advance our understanding of the neural and behavioral factors that give rise to impairments in social affiliation within clinical populations and this research will provide insights that will inform the development of interventions to address such impairments in affiliation.

正如RDoC社会流程研讨会所定义的那样，从属关系是积极的社会参与 与他人互动。加入的欲望被描述为人类的基本动机。 然而，对附属关系的驱动力的损害发生在多种临床疾病和这些附属机构 残疾对个人、他们的家庭成员和社会都有毁灭性的后果。尽管 社会联系损害的主要临床意义，以及导致联系损害的因素 人们对此了解甚少。我们建议对大量不同的临床样本进行多方法评估，以 研究社会联系缺陷如何与a)有关的神经系统的社会调节有关 通过一种新的功能磁共振成像范式评估情绪，以研究情绪在体内的社会调节 从属关系的背景，b)与社会奖励相关的神经过程，c)学习积极 他人的情感价值，以及d)行为从属技能。与RDoC一致，此应用程序将 包括跨分析单元评估联系过程，包括电路、行为和自我报告 在精神病患者的跨诊断样本中。关于神经学的研究 制度，一种强大的机制，可能是社会接触动机的基础是 情绪，尤其是威胁反应的社会调节。我们建议使用一种新的范例来 在实验室内创建附属关系，随后将研究此附属关系如何 在fMRI扫描中调节情绪对压力源的反应(附属关系的一个关键功能)。 具体地说，我们将检验这样一种假设，即关联缺陷与社交失败有关 在应激源的背景下，接触以下调神经活动。除了从属关系的好处之外 当对威胁做出反应时，社会关系的动机可能来自神经的激活 涉及奖励的系统。我们还将探讨奖赏回路对关联损害的贡献 同时使用社会奖励和金钱奖励模式。除了神经反应，这项拟议的研究还将 考察个人如何通过可能促进或阻碍他人的方式形成基于行为的印象 社会联系。我们将检验这样一种假设，即从属关系缺陷与 使用基于行为的个人信息来形成对情感的积极印象的能力 社会环境中他人的价值。最后，行为社交技能构成了有效的基础 沟通能力，被认为是社交能力的关键。我们将检验这一假设 社会联系的障碍与行为联系技能的缺陷特别相关。建议数 研究将提供一个综合的视角，以促进我们对神经和行为因素的理解 这会导致临床人群的社会联系受损，这项研究将提供洞察力 这将为制定干预措施提供信息，以解决这种从属关系的损害。