Circadian and sleep mechanisms among racial groups for nicotine dependence, craving, and withdrawal

项目摘要/摘要 这项补充申请背后的主要目标是提供职业发展和研究培训 致索菲亚·米尔德鲁姆·查纳女士，医学/临床心理学专业博士生 阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校。本附录是对PA-21-071《研究》的回应 促进健康相关研究多样性的补充(行政补充)“，将扩大母项目 不同种族人群尼古丁依赖、渴求和戒断的昼夜节律和睡眠机制 (R01 DA046096-01A1)，由Karen Cropsey博士和Karen Gamble博士(MPIS)领导。本行政副刊 将支持米尔德鲁姆·查纳女士的博士前教育和职业发展活动，主要 目标是提高她作为物质使用和药物使用领域的独立研究人员的技能 睡眠研究。 本次调查的主要目的是评估个人吸烟与健康的关系 吸烟者和非吸烟者样本中的状态和感知压力。具体地说，有节制的调解 提出了阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)风险作为中介变量的模型 吸烟状况与感受到的压力之间的关系。此外，个人的种族认同将是 在这个模型中被视为一个调节变量。拟议的研究是家长研究的延伸 格兰特的主要目标是扩大目前关于吸烟之间联系的知识， 黑人和白人的睡眠质量和昼夜节律。拟议的研究将进一步推动这一调查 通过专门研究阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合症对个人感受到的压力和吸烟的影响 状态。虽然吸烟和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停之间的关系已经确立，但还需要研究 了解吸烟和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合症如何影响个人感受到的压力，以及其他变量，如 作为种族/民族，可能会进一步影响这些关系。 通过一系列体验式和教育性活动，米尔德鲁姆·查纳女士作为研究人员的培训将 丰富，为她作为一名独立科学家的发展做出贡献。培训和职业生涯 本行政副刊的发展部分将为她提供必要的支持 除了米尔德鲁姆·查纳女士的主要导师米尔德鲁姆·查纳博士提供的指导帮助外，她还获得了进步。 Karen Cropsey和她的二级导师Karen Gamble博士和S.Justin Thomas博士(父母中的Co-I 格兰特)。目前行政部门提供的培训和学习机会相结合 补充剂，连同她的医学/临床心理学博士项目的准备工作，将配备 米尔德鲁姆·查纳女士具有在今后的研究中取得成功所需的能力。

Project Summary/Abstract The main objective behind this supplement application is to provide career development and research training to Ms. Sofía Mildrum Chana, B.A., doctoral student in the Medical/Clinical Psychology Program at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB). This supplement, in response to PA-21-071 “Research Supplements to Promote Diversity in Health-Related Research (Admin Supp)”, will extend the parent project Circadian and Sleep Mechanisms among Racial Groups for Nicotine Dependence, Craving, And Withdrawal (R01 DA046096-01A1) led by Drs. Karen Cropsey and Karen Gamble (MPIs). This administrative supplement will support Ms. Mildrum Chana’s pre-doctoral education and career development activities, with the main goal being the advancement of her skills as an independent researcher in the field of substance use and sleep research. The primary aim of the present investigation is to evaluate the relationship between individuals’ smoking status and perceived stress in a sample of smokers and non-smokers. Specifically, a moderated mediation model is proposed whereby risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) functions as a mediating variable in the association between smoking status and perceived stress. Additionally, individuals’ racial identity will be examined as a moderating variable in this model. The proposed study serves as an extension of the parent grant’s main goal of expanding current knowledge regarding the associations between cigarette smoking, sleep quality, and circadian rhythms in Blacks and Whites. The proposed study will further this investigation by specifically examining the impact of OSA in relation to individuals’ perceived stress and their smoking status. While the relationship between smoking and OSA is well established, research is needed to understand how smoking and OSA affect individuals’ perceived stress, and how additional variables, such as race/ethnicity, may further impact these relationships. Through a series of experiential and educational activities, Ms. Mildrum Chana’s training as a researcher will be enriched, contributing to her development as an independent scientist. The training and career development components of this administrative supplement will provide the necessary support for her advancement, in addition to the mentoring assistance provided by Ms. Mildrum Chana’s primary mentor, Dr. Karen Cropsey, and her secondary mentors Dr. Karen Gamble and Dr. S. Justin Thomas (Co-I in the parent grant). The combination of the training and learning opportunities provided by the present administrative supplement, along with the preparation from her Medical/Clinical Psychology doctoral program, will equip Ms. Mildrum Chana with the necessary abilities to be successful in her future research pursuits.