Circadian and sleep mechanisms among racial groups for nicotine dependence, craving, and withdrawal

项目概要/摘要 该补充申请背后的主要目标是提供职业发展和研究培训 致 Sofía Mildrum Chana 女士，文学士，医学/临床心理学项目博士生 阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校 (UAB)。本补充，响应 PA-21-071“研究 促进健康相关研究多样性的补充（行政补充）”，将扩展父项目 不同种族群体对尼古丁依赖、渴望和戒断的昼夜节律和睡眠机制 （R01 DA046096-01A1）由博士领导。凯伦·克罗普西 (Karen Cropsey) 和凯伦·甘布尔 (Karen Gamble)（MPI）。本行政补充 将支持 Mildrum Chana 女士的博士前教育和职业发展活动，主要内容 目标是提高她作为物质使用领域的独立研究员的技能 睡眠研究。 本调查的主要目的是评估个体吸烟之间的关系 吸烟者和非吸烟者样本的状态和感知压力。具体来说，有调节的调解 提出了一个模型，其中阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）的风险作为中介变量 吸烟状况与感知压力之间的关联。此外，个人的种族身份将 在此模型中将其作为调节变量进行检查。拟议的研究作为家长的延伸 格兰特的主要目标是扩大有关吸烟之间关联的现有知识， 黑人和白人的睡眠质量和昼夜节律。拟议的研究将进一步推进这项调查 通过专门研究 OSA 对个人感知压力和吸烟的影响 状态。虽然吸烟与 OSA 之间的关系已明确，但仍需要研究来证实 了解吸烟和 OSA 如何影响个人的感知压力，以及其他变量（例如 作为种族/民族，可能会进一步影响这些关系。 通过一系列的体验和教育活动，Mildrum Chana 女士作为研究员的培训将 丰富，为她作为一名独立科学家的发展做出贡献。培训和职业生涯 该行政补充的发展部分将为她提供必要的支持 除了 Mildrum Chana 女士的主要导师 Dr. Karen Cropsey 和她的第二导师 Karen Gamble 博士和 S. Justin Thomas 博士（家长中的 Co-I） 授予）。当前行政部门提供的培训和学习机会的结合 补充材料以及她的医学/临床心理学博士课程的准备，将装备 Mildrum Chana 女士具备在未来的研究事业中取得成功所需的能力。

Project Summary/Abstract The main objective behind this supplement application is to provide career development and research training to Ms. Sofía Mildrum Chana, B.A., doctoral student in the Medical/Clinical Psychology Program at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB). This supplement, in response to PA-21-071 “Research Supplements to Promote Diversity in Health-Related Research (Admin Supp)”, will extend the parent project Circadian and Sleep Mechanisms among Racial Groups for Nicotine Dependence, Craving, And Withdrawal (R01 DA046096-01A1) led by Drs. Karen Cropsey and Karen Gamble (MPIs). This administrative supplement will support Ms. Mildrum Chana’s pre-doctoral education and career development activities, with the main goal being the advancement of her skills as an independent researcher in the field of substance use and sleep research. The primary aim of the present investigation is to evaluate the relationship between individuals’ smoking status and perceived stress in a sample of smokers and non-smokers. Specifically, a moderated mediation model is proposed whereby risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) functions as a mediating variable in the association between smoking status and perceived stress. Additionally, individuals’ racial identity will be examined as a moderating variable in this model. The proposed study serves as an extension of the parent grant’s main goal of expanding current knowledge regarding the associations between cigarette smoking, sleep quality, and circadian rhythms in Blacks and Whites. The proposed study will further this investigation by specifically examining the impact of OSA in relation to individuals’ perceived stress and their smoking status. While the relationship between smoking and OSA is well established, research is needed to understand how smoking and OSA affect individuals’ perceived stress, and how additional variables, such as race/ethnicity, may further impact these relationships. Through a series of experiential and educational activities, Ms. Mildrum Chana’s training as a researcher will be enriched, contributing to her development as an independent scientist. The training and career development components of this administrative supplement will provide the necessary support for her advancement, in addition to the mentoring assistance provided by Ms. Mildrum Chana’s primary mentor, Dr. Karen Cropsey, and her secondary mentors Dr. Karen Gamble and Dr. S. Justin Thomas (Co-I in the parent grant). The combination of the training and learning opportunities provided by the present administrative supplement, along with the preparation from her Medical/Clinical Psychology doctoral program, will equip Ms. Mildrum Chana with the necessary abilities to be successful in her future research pursuits.