Circadian and sleep mechanisms among racial groups for nicotine dependence, craving, and withdrawal

项目概要/摘要 这一补充申请背后的主要目标是提供职业发展和研究培训 Sofía Mildrum查纳女士，文学士，医学/临床心理学项目的博士生， 亚拉巴马大学伯明翰分校。本补充文件是对PA-21-071“研究”的回应。 促进健康相关研究多样性的补充（行政补充）"，将扩展母项目 尼古丁依赖、渴望和戒断的种族群体的昼夜节律和睡眠机制 (R01 DA 046096 - 01 A1），由Karen Cropsey博士和Karen Gamble博士（MPI）领导。本行政补充 将支持女士米尔德拉姆查纳的博士前教育和职业发展活动，主要 目标是提高她作为物质使用领域独立研究人员的技能， 睡眠研究 本调查的主要目的是评估个人吸烟与健康的关系。 吸烟者和非吸烟者样本中的状态和感知压力。具体来说，温和的调解 提出了一个模型，其中阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）的风险作为一个中介变量， 吸烟状况与压力感知之间的关系。此外，个人的种族身份将是 在这个模型中作为一个调节变量进行检验。拟议的研究作为母体的延伸 格兰特的主要目标是扩大目前关于吸烟， 睡眠质量和昼夜节律。拟议的研究将进一步推动这一调查 通过专门研究OSA与个人感知压力和吸烟的关系， status.虽然吸烟和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合症之间的关系已经很好地建立，但还需要研究来 了解吸烟和OSA如何影响个人的感知压力，以及其他变量，如 种族/民族，可能会进一步影响这些关系。 通过一系列的体验和教育活动，米尔德拉姆查纳女士作为一名研究人员的培训将 丰富，有助于她作为一个独立的科学家的发展。培训和职业生涯 本行政补充文件的发展部分将为她提供必要的支持。 除了米尔德拉姆查纳女士的主要导师，博士提供的辅导援助， 卡伦·克罗普西和她的二级导师卡伦·甘布尔博士和S·Justin托马斯（在父代中的共同I grant）。目前行政部门提供的培训和学习机会， 补充，沿着从她的医学/临床心理学博士课程的准备，将装备 女士米尔德拉姆查纳与必要的能力，是成功的，在她未来的研究追求。

Project Summary/Abstract The main objective behind this supplement application is to provide career development and research training to Ms. Sofía Mildrum Chana, B.A., doctoral student in the Medical/Clinical Psychology Program at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB). This supplement, in response to PA-21-071 “Research Supplements to Promote Diversity in Health-Related Research (Admin Supp)”, will extend the parent project Circadian and Sleep Mechanisms among Racial Groups for Nicotine Dependence, Craving, And Withdrawal (R01 DA046096-01A1) led by Drs. Karen Cropsey and Karen Gamble (MPIs). This administrative supplement will support Ms. Mildrum Chana’s pre-doctoral education and career development activities, with the main goal being the advancement of her skills as an independent researcher in the field of substance use and sleep research. The primary aim of the present investigation is to evaluate the relationship between individuals’ smoking status and perceived stress in a sample of smokers and non-smokers. Specifically, a moderated mediation model is proposed whereby risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) functions as a mediating variable in the association between smoking status and perceived stress. Additionally, individuals’ racial identity will be examined as a moderating variable in this model. The proposed study serves as an extension of the parent grant’s main goal of expanding current knowledge regarding the associations between cigarette smoking, sleep quality, and circadian rhythms in Blacks and Whites. The proposed study will further this investigation by specifically examining the impact of OSA in relation to individuals’ perceived stress and their smoking status. While the relationship between smoking and OSA is well established, research is needed to understand how smoking and OSA affect individuals’ perceived stress, and how additional variables, such as race/ethnicity, may further impact these relationships. Through a series of experiential and educational activities, Ms. Mildrum Chana’s training as a researcher will be enriched, contributing to her development as an independent scientist. The training and career development components of this administrative supplement will provide the necessary support for her advancement, in addition to the mentoring assistance provided by Ms. Mildrum Chana’s primary mentor, Dr. Karen Cropsey, and her secondary mentors Dr. Karen Gamble and Dr. S. Justin Thomas (Co-I in the parent grant). The combination of the training and learning opportunities provided by the present administrative supplement, along with the preparation from her Medical/Clinical Psychology doctoral program, will equip Ms. Mildrum Chana with the necessary abilities to be successful in her future research pursuits.