Egocentric and Allocentric Spatial Coding in Cortex

皮质中的自我中心和异中心空间编码

• 批准号: 10471228
• 负责人: Michael E Hasselmo
• 金额: $ 50.14万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-20 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10471228
• 关键词: Address; Applications Grants; Behavior; Brain; Cells; Code; Cognition; Cognitive; Cues; Darkness; Data; Dimensions; Drops; Environment; Generations; Goals; Grant; Head; Impairment; Individual; Laboratories; Light; Link; Location; Medial; Mental disorders; Modeling; Motion; Nature; Neurons; Pattern; Play; Population; Positioning Attribute; Property; Rattus; Rewards; Role; Running; Sensory; Shapes; Slice; Speed; Structure; Testing; Theta Rhythm; Time; Visual; awake; cognitive function; entorhinal cortex; experimental study; nervous system disorder; neurophysiology; novel; optogenetics; predictive modeling; relating to nervous system; response; sensory input; way finding

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The projects proposed in this new grant address the properties of spatial coding in cortical regions. Representations of spatial location are important for a broad range of cognitive functions, including the planning of goal-directed navigation. This grant proposes specific experiments to test modeling predictions about the existence of egocentric representations of boundaries and coding of running speed relevant to the formation of allocentric spatial representations in cortical structures. Specific Aim #1: Recordings of the neural spiking activity in retrosplenial cortex and entorhinal cortex will test the hypothesis that cortical regions must code the position of environmental boundaries in egocentric coordinates. This prediction arose from models of the formation of allocentric representations of boundaries which require input from an egocentric, view-centered coding of environmental boundaries. Experiments will extend preliminary data from this lab showing egocentric coding of boundaries in retrosplenial cortex. Models show that egocentric boundary cells could be combined with head direction input to code allocentric boundary position, which can drive coding of spatial location. Further experiments will test the influence of environmental boundaries on spiking activity in the entorhinal cortex and retrospenial cortex, including testing the influence of manipulations of the shape of the environment, the insertion of new boundaries and different reward locations, recordings in darkness, and testing coexistence of egocentric coding with allocentric coding by head direction cells. This experimental testing of the predictions from models will provide an important link for building our understanding of the coding of space for cognitive processing. Specific Aim #2: Recordings of neural spiking activity in retrosplenial cortex and entorhinal cortex will test the complementary hypothesis that coding of running speed also plays a role in generation of representations of spatial location, and how the coding of running speed varies over different time courses and may depend on sensory input from boundaries. Experiments will include analysis of the coding of running speed at different spatial scales in entorhinal cortex and retrosplenial cortex ranging from one second to many minutes. The time course will also be analyzed in experiments exploring the change in running speed representations when barrier features are obscured by darkness. This aim also includes whole cell patch recording in slices to analyze the time course of intrinsic spiking activity relevant to the circuit dynamics for coding of speed and location. Finally, optogenetic inactivation of specific populations of neurons in medial septum will test how inputs regulate the coding of spatial location and speed by neurons in the medial entorhinal cortex. These experiments will contribute to our understanding of the dynamics of cortical circuits that underlie the formation of allocentric spatial representations important to many aspects of cortical cognitive processing, including the planning of goal-directed behavior.

项目总结/摘要 在这个新的赠款中提出的项目解决了皮质区域空间编码的特性。 空间位置的表征对于广泛的认知功能是重要的，包括 目标导向导航的规划。这项资助提出了具体的实验来测试模型预测 关于存在自我中心的表示的边界和编码的运行速度有关的 皮层结构中异中心空间表征的形成。 具体目标#1：记录压后皮质和内嗅皮质中的神经尖峰活动， 假设皮层区域必须编码自我中心的环境边界的位置 坐标这一预测来自于边界的非同心表象的形成模型 其需要来自环境边界的以自我为中心、以视图为中心的编码的输入。实验将 扩展本实验室的初步数据，显示压后皮质中的自我中心边界编码。模型 表明自我中心边界单元可以与头部方向输入相结合来编码非自我中心边界 位置，其可以驱动空间位置的编码。进一步的实验将测试环境的影响。 内嗅皮层和精后皮层尖峰活动的界限，包括测试 操纵环境的形状，插入新的边界和不同的奖励位置， 记录在黑暗中，并测试共存的自我中心编码与allocentric编码的头部方向 细胞这种对模型预测的实验测试将为建立我们的 理解认知加工的空间编码。 具体目标#2：记录压后皮质和内嗅皮质中的神经尖峰活动将测试 一个互补的假设，即编码的运行速度也发挥了作用，在产生的代表性， 空间位置，以及跑步速度的编码如何在不同的时间过程中变化，并且可能取决于 来自边界的感官输入。实验将包括分析在不同的编码运行速度 内嗅皮层和压后皮层的空间尺度从一秒到几分钟不等。的时间 课程也将在实验中进行分析，探索跑步速度表征的变化， 屏障特征被黑暗所掩盖。这一目标还包括在切片中记录整个细胞斑块， 分析与用于速度编码的电路动态相关的内在尖峰活动的时间过程，以及 位置.最后，内侧隔中特定神经元群体的光遗传学失活将测试 输入通过内侧内嗅皮层中的神经元调节空间位置和速度的编码。这些 这些实验将有助于我们理解大脑皮层回路的动力学， 对皮层认知处理的许多方面都很重要，包括 目标导向行为的规划。