Prevention Research Center: Parenting Among Women Who Are Opioid Users

项目总结 导致严重呼吸道疾病的全球SARS-CoV-2大流行新冠肺炎是健康最差的 美国面临着百年不遇的危机。尽管这种高度传染性的病毒已经感染了数百万人 美国人的疾病负担已经不成比例地由历史上未得到充分服务的人群出生 比如拉丁裔社区。在全国范围内，携带新冠肺炎的拉丁裔患者的住院率是 白人的发病率和死亡率要高得多。这种差异在俄勒冈州很明显，那里的 13%的人口是拉丁裔，约占新冠肺炎病例的44%。存在一种迫切的需求 向俄勒冈州的拉丁裔社区传递公共卫生和预防信息，以增加检测。这 该项目将实施一项针对文化定制的社区推广和测试计划，以扩大覆盖范围， 在俄勒冈州的拉丁裔社区获得和接受测试。该项目将汇集世界级的 预防科学家、公共卫生专家、Latinx研究人员、社区合作伙伴和生物学家组成的团队 自3月份以来，他们一直在合作进行SARS-CoV-2诊断测试，在那之后不久 大流行首先到达美国。这个团队已经建立了CLIA认证的实验室，并磨练了分子 测试方案，雇用和培训的实验室人员和一个实地研究小组，采购诊断测试 设备和用品，并与全州的县公共卫生办公室和医院合作 进行测试。该小组还进行了一项全面的社区评估，使用基于社区的 参与式方法，收集拉丁裔社区对沟通模式、健康信息、 和测试方案，并配备了多个县领导的测试点，为拉丁裔社区服务。使用这些 以资源和专业知识为基础，序贯多武装随机试验(SMART)将实现 对提高拉丁裔社区检测率和促进健康行为的战略进行评估。 具体地说，了解文化知识的、面向社区的干预措施将确定工具和最佳做法，以 提高检测率和健康行为。增加可获得性的不同类型方法的有效性 将对测试的使用和使用进行评估。最后，这项工作将检查一组县级变量 被认为会影响社区维持测试能力的能力。在拉丁裔社区的支持下 科学咨询委员会，该项目将逐步扩大到最终支持六个社区测试站点的36个 俄勒冈州的县为拉丁裔社区服务。随着时间的推移，这个项目将帮助社区制度化 由UO实验室设施支持的最佳本地测试框架，用于测试能力，技术支持 测试后勤，并收集有关健康行为、检测率和可持续性的数据。由此产生的 结构和系统将准备好在未来扩大到其他脆弱社区和/或其他 公共卫生目的(例如，疫苗接种运动)。如果成功，这个项目将导致大幅减少 服务不足人群中的新冠肺炎健康差距。

PROJECT SUMMARY The global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic that causes the severe respiratory illness COVID-19 is the worst health crisis the United States has faced in a century. Although this highly contagious virus has infected millions of Americans already, the disease burdens are disproportionately born by historically underserved populations such as Latinx communities. Nationally, Latinx people with COVID-19 are hospitalized at four times the rate of Whites and have much higher rates of morbidity and mortality. This disparity is notable in Oregon, where the 13% of our population that is Latinx represents approximately 44% of COVID-19 cases. An urgent need exists to reach Oregon’s Latinx community with public health and prevention messages to increase testing. This project will implement a culturally-tailored community outreach and testing program to increase the reach, access, and uptake of testing in Latinx communities in Oregon. The project will bring together a world-class team of prevention scientists, public health experts, Latinx researchers, community partners, and biologists who have been working together to conduct SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic testing since March, soon after the pandemic first arrived in the U.S. This team has established a CLIA-certified laboratory and honed molecular testing protocols, hired and trained laboratory personnel and a field research team, procured diagnostic testing equipment and supplies, and partnered with county public health offices and hospitals throughout the state to conduct testing. The team also conducted a comprehensive community assessment using community-based participatory methods to gather Latinx community feedback on modes of communication, health messages, and testing protocols, and staffed multiple county-led testing sites serving Latinx communities. Using these resources and expertise as a foundation, a Sequential Multiple Armed Randomized Trial (SMART) will enable the evaluation of strategies for increasing testing rates and promoting health behaviors in Latinx communities. Specifically, culturally informed, community-oriented interventions will determine tools and best practices to increase testing rates and health behaviors. The efficacy of different types of approaches for increasing access to and utilization of testing will be evaluated. Lastly, the work will examine a set of county-level variables thought to affect communities’ abilities to sustain testing capacity. With support from a Latinx Community and Scientific Advisory Board, the project will ramp up to ultimately support 36 community testing sites across six counties in Oregon to serve Latinx communities. Over time, this project will help communities institutionalize optimal local testing frameworks supported by UO laboratory facilities for testing capacity, technical support for testing logistics, and collection of data on health behaviors, testing rates, and sustainability. The resulting structures and systems will be poised for future scale-up to other vulnerable communities and/or for other public health purposes (e.g., vaccination campaigns). If successful, this project will lead to a major reduction in COVID-19 health disparities in underserved populations.