Prevention Research Center: Parenting Among Women Who Are Opioid Users

7.项目摘要/摘要 美国正在经历一场具有历史意义的阿片类药物流行，超过4万人死于 在过去的一年里吸毒过量。仅在2015年，该流行病造成的经济损失估计就超过500美元 10亿，2017年美国卫生与公众服务部将阿片类药物流行指定为 突发公共卫生事件。国家级流行病学数据表明，阿片类药物滥用、成瘾、 过量，死亡人数在妇女中以特别快的速度增加，在儿童中也是如此- 生育和育儿年龄组。为人父母的女性中的阿片类药物使用行为 对他们的育儿方式、亲子关系以及对孩子的下游影响有重大不利影响 大脑发育、健康和随后的药物使用风险。缺乏强大的科学知识基础 关于减少阿片类药物滥用和成瘾的有效策略，在这一人群中存在着巨大的差距 考虑到物质使用对育儿技能的公认影响，以及已知的 母亲使用阿片类药物对婴儿发育的影响。关于这一主题的有限研究表明， 以家庭为重点的治疗方法可能拥有最大的希望，但一直以来的干预措施 到目前为止开发的软件在可伸缩性方面存在局限性。除了需要对此进行科学研究外， 关于这个话题，同时也需要向研究人员、政策制定者和 普罗大众。预防研究中心的总体目标：在女性中为人父母 阿片使用者(PWO中心)是为了改善受影响的个人、家庭和社区的幸福感 通过关注行为(父母的反应、温暖)和神经认知系统的阿片类药物危机 (例如，执行功能、奖励反应)，这是两者共同的潜在机制 成瘾问题和养育子女的挑战。PWO中心的研究项目和核心基于 统一概念模型并采用翻译科学方法，其中基础科学研究 在开发和评估可扩展的干预措施时利用了基础机制 旨在对政策和实践产生人口层面的影响。我们的多学科调查团队已经 一直在为有药物使用史的家庭进行基于家庭的育儿干预研究 在过去的20年里，它在合作和生产力方面有着悠久而富有成效的历史。我们有很强的 我们的州长、我们的社区合作伙伴和我们的大学对拟议的PWO中心的支持 领导力。PWO中心预期的长期公共卫生成果是为了改善证据- 以预防药物滥用为基础，减少母亲阿片类药物滥用和成瘾，减少代际 传播药物成瘾，提高对阿片类药物影响的科学理解和公众认识 通过潜在的行为和神经认知机制的母性育儿实践，为下一步做好准备 一代研究人员和实践者在这一领域，并增加循证政策。

7. PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The United States is experiencing an opioid epidemic of historic significance, with over 40,000 deaths from overdose in the past year. The economic costs of the epidemic in 2015 alone were estimated at over $500 billion, and in 2017 the US Department of Health and Human Services designated the opioid epidemic as a public health emergency. National-level epidemiological data indicate that the rates opioid misuse, addiction, overdose, and fatalities are increasing at a particularly fast rate among women, and among individuals in child- bearing and child-rearing age groups. Opioid-using behaviors among women who are parenting can have significant detrimental effects on their parenting, parent-child relationships, and downstream effects on child brain development, health, and subsequent risk for drug use. The lack of a strong scientific knowledge base about effective strategies for reducing opioid abuse and addiction in this population is a gap of enormous consequences given the well-established effects of substance use on parenting skills, and the known effects of maternal opioid use on infant development. The limited research on this topic that does exist suggests that family-focused treatment approaches may hold the greatest promise, but the interventions that have been developed to date have limitations in terms of scalability. In addition to a need for scientific research on this topic, there is a parallel need to make reliable information available to researchers, policy makers, and the general public. The overall goal of the Prevention Research Center: Parenting Among Women Who Are Opioid Users (PWO Center) is to improve the well-being of individuals, families, and communities affected by the opioid crisis through a focus on behavioral (parental responsivity, warmth) and neurocognitive systems (e.g., executive functioning, reward responsiveness) that are underlying mechanisms common to both addiction issues and parenting challenges. The PWO Center's Research Projects and Cores are based upon a unifying conceptual model and employ a translational science approach in which basic science investigations of underlying mechanisms are leveraged in the development and evaluation of scalable interventions that are designed to deliver population-level impacts on policy and practice. Our multidisciplinary investigative team has been conducting research on family-based parenting interventions for families with substance use histories for the past 20 years and has a long and productive history of collaboration and productivity. We have strong support for the proposed PWO Center from our state governor, our community partners, and our university leadership. The anticipated long-term, public health outcomes of the PWO Center are to improve evidence- based prevention of substance abuse, reduce maternal opioid misuse and addiction, reduce intergenerational transmission of drug addiction, increase scientific understanding and public awareness of how opioids impact maternal parenting practices via underlying behavioral and neurocognitive mechanisms, ready the next generation of researchers and practitioners in this area, and increase evidence-based policy.