Prevention Research Center: Parenting Among Women Who Are Opioid Users

预防研究中心：阿片类药物使用者的女性育儿

• 批准号: 10177988
• 负责人: Philip A Fisher
• 金额: $ 225.07万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF OREGON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-15 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10177988
• 关键词: Affect; Area; Awareness; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Child; Child Rearing; Collaborations; Communication; Communities; Community Networks; Community Services; County; Criminal Justice; Data; Data Science Core; Development; Drug Addiction; Drug usage; Economic Burden; Educational workshop; Epidemic; Evaluation; Evidence based intervention; Exposure to; Family; Female; Funding; General Population; Generations; Geography; Goals; Grant; Health; Healthcare; Helping to End Addiction Long-term; Individual; Infant Development; Infrastructure; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Leadership; Link; Manuscripts; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Mothers; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Neurobiology; Neurocognitive; Opiate Addiction; Opioid; Oregon; Outcome; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Personal Satisfaction; Policies; Policy Maker; Population; Population Intervention; Postpartum Period; Pregnant Women; Prevention; Prevention Research; Prevention program; Productivity; Public Health; Publications; Recording of previous events; Regulation; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resources; Rewards; Risk; Rural; Rural Community; Science; Scientist; Seminal; Stress; Structure; System; Testing; Training; Training Activity; Translational Research; United States; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Vulnerable Populations; Woman; Work; addiction; age group; base; career; career development; checkup examination; child bearing; community partnership; cost; data harmonization; data sharing; design; drug use vulnerability; early childhood; early life adversity; economic cost; effective intervention; effectiveness evaluation; epidemiologic data; evidence base; executive function; experience; improved; individualized prevention; innovation; intergenerational; knowledge base; maternal opioid use; member; multidisciplinary; next generation; novel; opioid abuse; opioid epidemic; opioid misuse; opioid use; opioid use disorder; opioid user; overdose death; prescription opioid; prescription opioid misuse; preventive intervention; programs; public health emergency; recruit; rural area; service providers; skills; substance abuse prevention; substance use; therapy design; transmission process; webinar

7. PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The United States is experiencing an opioid epidemic of historic significance, with over 40,000 deaths from overdose in the past year. The economic costs of the epidemic in 2015 alone were estimated at over $500 billion, and in 2017 the US Department of Health and Human Services designated the opioid epidemic as a public health emergency. National-level epidemiological data indicate that the rates opioid misuse, addiction, overdose, and fatalities are increasing at a particularly fast rate among women, and among individuals in child- bearing and child-rearing age groups. Opioid-using behaviors among women who are parenting can have significant detrimental effects on their parenting, parent-child relationships, and downstream effects on child brain development, health, and subsequent risk for drug use. The lack of a strong scientific knowledge base about effective strategies for reducing opioid abuse and addiction in this population is a gap of enormous consequences given the well-established effects of substance use on parenting skills, and the known effects of maternal opioid use on infant development. The limited research on this topic that does exist suggests that family-focused treatment approaches may hold the greatest promise, but the interventions that have been developed to date have limitations in terms of scalability. In addition to a need for scientific research on this topic, there is a parallel need to make reliable information available to researchers, policy makers, and the general public. The overall goal of the Prevention Research Center: Parenting Among Women Who Are Opioid Users (PWO Center) is to improve the well-being of individuals, families, and communities affected by the opioid crisis through a focus on behavioral (parental responsivity, warmth) and neurocognitive systems (e.g., executive functioning, reward responsiveness) that are underlying mechanisms common to both addiction issues and parenting challenges. The PWO Center's Research Projects and Cores are based upon a unifying conceptual model and employ a translational science approach in which basic science investigations of underlying mechanisms are leveraged in the development and evaluation of scalable interventions that are designed to deliver population-level impacts on policy and practice. Our multidisciplinary investigative team has been conducting research on family-based parenting interventions for families with substance use histories for the past 20 years and has a long and productive history of collaboration and productivity. We have strong support for the proposed PWO Center from our state governor, our community partners, and our university leadership. The anticipated long-term, public health outcomes of the PWO Center are to improve evidence- based prevention of substance abuse, reduce maternal opioid misuse and addiction, reduce intergenerational transmission of drug addiction, increase scientific understanding and public awareness of how opioids impact maternal parenting practices via underlying behavioral and neurocognitive mechanisms, ready the next generation of researchers and practitioners in this area, and increase evidence-based policy.

7.项目摘要/摘要 美国正在经历一场具有历史意义的阿片类药物流行病，超过40，000人死于 在过去的一年里。据估计，仅2015年这一流行病造成的经济损失就超过500美元。 2017年，美国卫生与公众服务部将阿片类药物流行病定为 突发公共卫生事件国家一级的流行病学数据表明，阿片类药物滥用、成瘾、 过量，死亡人数在妇女和儿童中以特别快的速度增加， 生育和养育子女年龄组。正在养育子女的女性中的阿片类药物使用行为可能会导致 对他们的养育、亲子关系以及对儿童的下游影响产生重大不利影响 大脑发育、健康和随后的吸毒风险。缺乏强大的科学知识基础 关于减少这一人群中阿片类药物滥用和成瘾的有效策略， 考虑到物质使用对育儿技能的既定影响，以及 母亲使用阿片类药物对婴儿发育的影响。关于这一主题的有限研究表明， 以家庭为中心的治疗方法可能有最大的希望，但已经采取的干预措施， 迄今为止开发的技术在可扩展性方面具有局限性。除了需要对此进行科学研究外， 此外，还需要向研究人员、决策者和 马达加斯加国家顶级域名预防研究中心的总体目标： 阿片类药物使用者（PWO中心）是为了改善受影响的个人，家庭和社区的福祉 阿片类药物危机通过关注行为（父母的反应，温暖）和神经认知系统 (e.g.,执行功能，奖励反应），这是两者共同的潜在机制 成瘾问题和育儿挑战。PWO中心的研究项目和核心是基于 统一的概念模型，并采用转化科学的方法，其中基础科学研究 在制定和评估可扩展的干预措施时， 旨在对政策和实践产生人口层面的影响。我们的多学科调查团队 一直在进行研究，以家庭为基础的父母干预的家庭使用药物的历史， 在过去的20年里，我们有着悠久而富有成效的合作和生产力历史。我们有强大 我们的州长、社区合作伙伴和大学对拟建的PWO中心的支持 领导PWO中心预期的长期公共卫生结果是改善证据- 基于预防药物滥用，减少母体阿片类药物滥用和成瘾，减少代际 传播吸毒成瘾，提高科学认识和公众对阿片类药物如何影响 母亲通过潜在的行为和神经认知机制养育子女的做法，准备下一个 培养这一领域的研究人员和从业人员，并加强循证政策。