Research training in drug abuse prevention: closing the research-practice gap

摘要 尽管有明确和令人信服的证据表明预防性干预措施在预防药物使用方面的有效性， 和滥用（SU/A），这些方案的公共卫生影响受到以下因素的限制： 社区设置。本申请旨在每年培养3名博士前研究员和3名博士后研究员， 开展研究，缩小现实世界实践与循证预防措施之间的差距 针对特别股的干预措施。拟议的背景是更新我们目前的NIDA资助的T32（目前 5年级），并建立在T32培训漫长而成功的33年历史的基础上，该培训由 NIMH从1987年至2014年，NIDA从2014年至今。我们的培训计划是由翻译 研究周期以及钱伯斯和普罗克特关于职业早期培训的建议 实施（D&I）研究人员。培训是在亚利桑那州立大学的REACH研究所，参与单位 包括亚利桑那州立大学（ASU）心理学系和社会与家庭学院 动力学跨学科培训教师将从这些单位以及现有的合作者中抽调 来自健康解决方案学院，W. P.凯里商学院，埃德森护理与健康学院 创新，富尔顿工程学院，休唐斯人类传播学院， 犯罪学和社会正义，以及社会工作学院。培训教师进行了许多NIH资助的 合作研究团队设计，实施和评估基于理论的预防性项目 自然服务提供环境中的干预措施，并研究与以下相关的实施科学问题 成功的方案。培训教师在SU/A预防，D&I，文化和健康方面具有独特的优势 研究方法（特别是定量方法）。该计划是由一个 执行科学国家专家学院和一个社区咨询委员会 由来自服务提供机构（学校、法院、卫生保健和心理健康）的决策领导人组成 护理机构），我们与他们合作开展基于社区的研究项目。培训内容包括： 研究学徒制，一个持续的培训研讨会（包括道德和职业发展培训）， SU/A和D&I的必修课程，以及基于个性化培训计划的其他相关经验， 将与导师共同创造。通过这种量身定制的课程和研究的结合， 通过学徒制，受训者获得了设计实施干预措施的技能， 适应，技术干预，社区参与式研究，实施理论 设计、组织特征和经济分析。我们学员的研究贡献 将增加在真实的世界实践中采用基于证据的干预措施，帮助实现其公众 对人口健康的影响。

Abstract Despite clear and convincing evidence for the efficacy of preventive interventions in preventing substance use and abuse (SU/A), the public health impact of these programs has been limited by inadequate uptake in community settings. This application seeks to train 3 pre-doctoral and 3 post-doctoral fellows annually to conduct research that reduces the gap between real-world practice and evidence-based preventive interventions targeting SU/A. The proposed background is a renewal of our current NIDA-funded T32 (currently in Year 5) and builds on a lengthy and successful 33-year history of T32 training that has been funded by NIMH from 1987-2014 and NIDA from 2014-present. Our training program is informed by the translational research cycle and Chambers and Proctor's recommendations on training for early career Dissemination & Implementation (D&I) researchers. The training is housed at ASU's REACH Institute, and participating units include the Arizona State University (ASU) Department of Psychology and School for Social and Family Dynamics. The interdisciplinary training faculty will be drawn from these units, as well as existing collaborators from College of Health Solutions, W.P. Carey Colleges of Business, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Fulton Schools of Engineering, Hugh Downs School of Human Communications, School of Criminology and Social Justice, and the School of Social Work. Training faculty conduct numerous NIH-funded projects in which collaborative research teams design, implement, and evaluate theory-based preventive interventions in natural service delivery settings and study the implementation science questions related to successful program uptake. Training faculty have unique strengths in SU/A prevention, D&I, culture and health disparities, and research methodology (particularly quantitative methods). The program is guided by an External Training Faculty of national experts in implementation science and a Community Advisory Board composed of decision leaders from service delivery settings (schools, courts, health care, and mental health care settings), with whom we partner on community-based research projects. Training consists of mentored research apprenticeships, an ongoing training seminar (including training in ethics and career development), required courses in SU/A and D&I, and other relevant experiences based on Individualized Training Plans that will be co-created with mentors. Through this tailored combination of coursework and research apprenticeships, trainees acquire skills in designing interventions for implementation, models of cultural adaptation, technology-based interventions, community-based participatory research, implementation theory and design, organizational characteristics, and economic analysis. The research contributions of our trainees will increase the adoption of evidence-based interventions in real world practice, helping to realize their public health impact at the population level.