The experience of human subjects with brain organoid research

人类受试者进行脑类器官研究的经验

• 批准号: 10660220
• 负责人: Kate E. MacDuffie
• 金额: $ 24.9万
• 依托单位: SEATTLE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10660220
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Address; Alzheimer' s Disease; Animal Model; Animals; Attitude; Award; BRAIN initiative; Back; Base of the Brain; Basic Science; Belief; Belief System; Bioethics; Biological; Brain; Brain Diseases; Cell Line; Cell model; Cells; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Clinical Data; Code; Communication; Consent Forms; DNA; Data; Data Collection; Development; Disease; Ensure; Environment; Ethical Issues; Ethics; Faculty; Family; Family member; Functional disorder; Future; Genes; Goals; Human; Imaging Techniques; In Vitro; Individual; Informed Consent; Interview; Joubert syndrome; Kidney; Knowledge; Laboratories; Learning; Link; Lung; Master' s Degree; Measures; Mentors; Modeling; Modification; Morals; Nerve Degeneration; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Neurosciences; Neurosciences Research; Organ; Organoids; Participant; Pathology; Patients; Pattern; Phase; Play; Policies; Positioning Attribute; Process; Protocols documentation; Registries; Research; Research Training; Role; Sampling; Scientist; Specimen; Structure; Surveys; Technology; Time; Tissues; Training; Universities; Washington; autism spectrum disorder; biobank; brain behavior; career; clinical application; efficacy testing; experience; human model; human subject; improved; in vitro Model; induced pluripotent stem cell; innovation; insight; multidisciplinary; nervous system disorder; neural network; neurodevelopment; neuroethics; neurotechnology; non-invasive imaging; pilot test; preference; relating to nervous system; skills; sociodemographic factors; sociodemographics; stakeholder perspectives; stem cells; surrogate decision maker; three-dimensional modeling; working group

PROJECT SUMMARY Efforts to understand the mechanisms of brain-based disease have been hindered by the limited ability of animal models to reflect the full complexity of human brain and behavior. Brain organoids represent a potential solution, allowing scientists to model human neurodevelopmental and disease processes in-vitro. These multicellular, three-dimensional tissue structures are derived from induced pluripotent stem cells and self-organize to recapitulate aspects of human cortical development. Brain organoids are linked to their original human donor through shared DNA, and also through what they can reveal about individual-specific patterns of brain development and dysfunction. Given the central role the brain plays in personal identity, it is critical to understand what human donors think and feel about brain organoids grown from their cells, and consider whether organoid models of the brain deserve unique moral status compared to, for example, lung or kidney organoids. The proposed research seeks to engage participants and other stakeholders to explore ethical issues in brain organoid research, and thus addresses a core principle of BRAIN Initiative: considering the ethical implications of neuroscience research. In Aim 1, qualitative interviews with current participants will be conducted to explore their perspectives towards brain organoid research including beliefs about meaning, moral status, and permissible uses of organoid tissue. In Aim 2, an educational video that describes brain organoids will be imbedded into an online survey and used to measure attitudes in larger groups of stakeholders who represent future participants in brain organoid research. In Aim 3, insights learned from participants and stakeholders about preferences for brain organoid research will be compared to current research practices and modifications to guide the field going forward will be proposed. The long-term goal is to ensure that brain organoid research can achieve its scientific potential and proceed in accordance with donor beliefs and values. The proposed research and training plan will leverage expertise of an interdisciplinary team of mentors and strong bioethics/neuroethics research environment across the University of Washington Center for Neurotechnology and the Treuman Katz Center for Pediatric Bioethics at Seattle Children’s. During the mentored phase of the award, the applicant will gain new content knowledge in the basic science of brain organoids, learn new skills for neuroscience communication, and complete a master’s degree in bioethics. This additional training will equip the applicant with the skills necessary to conduct the proposed research and transition into an independent faculty position.

项目摘要 对大脑疾病机制的理解受到了限制， 动物模型能够反映人类大脑和行为的全部复杂性。脑类器官 代表了一种潜在的解决方案，使科学家能够模拟人类神经发育和 体外疾病过程。这些多细胞的三维组织结构 从诱导多能干细胞和自我组织， 发展脑类器官通过共享DNA与其原始人类供体相连， 也可以通过他们揭示的大脑发育的个体特异性模式， 功能障碍考虑到大脑在个人身份中扮演的核心角色， 人类捐赠者对从他们的细胞中生长出来的脑类器官的想法和感受， 大脑的类器官模型是否值得拥有独特的道德地位，例如， 肺或肾类器官。拟议的研究旨在吸引参与者和其他 利益相关者探讨脑类器官研究中的伦理问题，从而解决了一个核心问题。 BRAIN Initiative的原则：考虑神经科学研究的伦理含义。在Aim中 1，对当前参与者进行定性访谈，以探讨他们的观点 对大脑类器官的研究，包括信仰的意义，道德地位，和允许的 类器官组织的用途。在Aim 2中，将播放一段描述大脑类器官的教育视频 嵌入在线调查，用于衡量更大利益攸关方群体的态度 他们代表着未来脑类器官研究的参与者。在目标3中， 参与者和利益相关者对脑类器官研究的偏好将与 将提出当前的研究实践和修改，以指导该领域的发展。 长期目标是确保脑类器官研究能够发挥其科学潜力 并按照捐赠者的信念和价值观进行。拟议的研究和培训 该计划将利用跨学科导师团队的专业知识， 华盛顿大学生物伦理学/神经伦理学研究环境 神经技术和Treuman Katz中心儿科生物伦理学在西雅图儿童。 在该奖项的指导阶段，申请人将获得新的内容知识， 大脑类器官的基础科学，学习神经科学交流的新技能，并完成 生物伦理学硕士学位这种额外的培训将使申请人具备 必要进行拟议的研究和过渡到一个独立的教师职位。