COVID-19 Impacts on Health Services and Social Support for Pregnant and Postpartum People in Prison

项目摘要 自2020年3月以来，孕妇中已有20多万人感染新冠肺炎，近 美国有300人死于与新冠肺炎有关的疾病。怀孕和产后的人都有更好的健康 有感染新冠肺炎的风险，更有可能患重病，对他们的健康造成严重后果 以及它们后代的健康。对于在监狱中的孕妇和产后人员，监禁条件 让新冠肺炎疫情变得更加岌岌可危。居住条件拥挤，通风不良，以及 不卫生的环境都为新冠肺炎的传播创造了条件。在整个大流行期间， 监狱和监狱的新冠肺炎发病率和死亡率一直高于一般监狱 人口。为了限制疾病的传播，监狱修改了与卫生服务、住房、 就业、娱乐、志愿者运营的编程和访问。然而，人们对这些影响知之甚少 年新冠肺炎疫情对孕产妇健康服务和社会支持的影响 或这些影响如何影响这些人口的健康和福祉。利用我们的 通过我们的母公司R01，在六个州监狱进行的加强围产期计划的工作，这 行政副刊旨在评估新冠肺炎对以下人群的医疗服务和社会支持的影响 监狱中的孕妇和产后人员以及这些影响对他们的健康和福祉的影响。 我们的长期目标是利用这些信息开发及时的、以证据为基础的策略，以确保怀孕 监狱中的产后人员可以获得高质量的医疗服务和全面的社会支持 --特别是在危机时期--减少这些边缘化人口的健康差距。我们会 通过分析与关键利益相关者的定性访谈来实现这一目标；进行系统的 文件审查；对监狱管理人员进行调查；并采访孕妇和产后人员：1) 衡量新冠肺炎对医疗服务的影响，以及2)评估新冠肺炎对社会 支持监狱中的孕妇和产后人员。这项研究的结果有望从根本上 增进我们对新冠肺炎如何影响医疗服务、社会支持和健康的理解 将孕妇和产后关在监狱里。确定影响健康和健康的关键因素- 在大流行期间成为这一群体的一员，将为监狱政策、做法和计划的变化提供信息。 最终，这项工作将产生关键信息，以满足这一人群的复杂健康需求， 减少健康差距，促进涉及正义的妇女及其婴儿的健康公平。

PROJECT ABSTRACT Since March 2020, there have been over 200,000 COVID-19 cases among pregnant people, and nearly 300 COVID-19-related deaths in the United States. Pregnant and postpartum people have increased health risks and are more likely to get severely ill from COVID-19 infections, with grave consequences for their health and the health of their offspring. For pregnant and postpartum people in prison, the conditions of incarceration make the COVID-19 pandemic even more precarious. Crowded living conditions, poor ventilation, and unsanitary environments all create conditions in which COVID-19 can easily spread. Throughout the pandemic, COVID-19 incidence and mortality rates in prisons and jails have been consistently higher than in the general population. To limit the spread of disease, prisons have modified policies related to health services, housing, employment, recreation, volunteer-run programming, and visiting. Yet, little is known about the impacts the COVID-19 pandemic has had on the health services and social supports of pregnant and postpartum people in prison, or how these impacts have influenced the health and well-being of this population. Leveraging our ongoing work with enhanced perinatal programs in six state prisons through our Parent R01, this Administrative Supplement aims to assess the impact of COVID-19 on health services and social support for pregnant and postpartum people in prison and the implications of these impacts for their health and well-being. Our long-term goal is to utilize this information to develop timely, evidence-based strategies to ensure pregnant and postpartum people in prison have access to high-quality health services and comprehensive social support – particularly amidst times of crisis – to reduce health disparities among this marginalized population. We will accomplish this goal by analyzing qualitative interviews with key stakeholders; conducting a systematic document review; surveying prison administrators; and interviewing pregnant and postpartum people to: 1) measure the impact of COVID-19 on health care services and 2) assess the impact of COVID-19 on social support for pregnant and postpartum people in prison. Results from this study are expected to fundamentally advance our understanding of how COVID-19 has impacted the health services, social supports, and well- being of pregnant and postpartum people in prisons. Identifying key factors that impacted the health and well- being of this population during the pandemic will inform changes to prison policies, practices, and programs. Ultimately, this work will yield critical information to address the complex health needs of this population, reduce health disparities, and promote health equity among justice-involved women and their infants.