Biomarkers of Exposure to Hazardous Substances

接触有害物质的生物标志物

• 批准号: 7496664
• 负责人: BRUCE D HAMMOCK
• 金额: $ 2.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-04-01 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7496664
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Air; Animals; Antibodies; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Attention; Binding; Bioinformatics; Biological; Biological Assay; Biological Markers; Bioremediations; Breathing; Bronchoalveolar Lavage; Carbon; Cells; Chemicals; Chronic; Complex Mixtures; Data; Deposition; Development; Disulfides; Dose; Down-Regulation; Dyes; Eating; End Point; Environment; Enzymes; Epithelial; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Evaluation; Exclusion; Exposure to; Extracellular Protein; Fluorescence; Gene Expression; Gene Expression Profile; Goals; Hazardous Substances; Hazardous Waste Sites; Heat shock proteins; Heavy Metals; Histopathology; Human; Hydrocarbons; In Vitro; Invasive; Irrigation; Kidney; Label; Lateral; Liquid substance; Localized; Lung; Maintenance; Measures; Metabolic Activation; Metals; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Molecular Chaperones; Molecular Profiling; Monitor; Movement; Naphthalene; Naphthalenes; Nasal Epithelium; Nasal Lavage Fluid; No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level; Nose; Oxidation-Reduction; Pattern; Population; Predisposition; Process; Protein Disulfide Isomerase; Proteins; Proteome; Proteomics; RNA Interference; Rate; Rattus; Reaction; Reagent; Renal Tissue; Research; Research Support; Resolution; Respiratory System; Risk; Rodent; Role; Sampling; Screening procedure; Sentinel; Sister; Site; Small Interfering RNA; Soot; Structure of mucous membrane of nose; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Surface; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Tissues; Toxic effect; Toxicology; Training; Translations; Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis; Urine; Water; Work; abstracting; accelerator mass spectrometry; adduct; base; biological adaptation to stress; body system; chemical release; cytotoxic; ethidium homodimer; ground water; hazard; improved; in vivo; innovation; interest; kidney cell; metabolomics; nephrotoxicity; new technology; nonhuman primate; novel; parental monitoring; particle; particle exposure; peroxiredoxin; programs; protein folding; remediation; renal epithelium; reproductive; research study; response; superfund site; toxicant; transcriptomics; urinary; vapor; wasting

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) Although our ability to analyze hazardous material in waste sites has improved dramatically in recent years, we are very limited in our ability to trace the movement of hazardous materials from Superfund sites through various media or to prioritize and mitigate the hazards involved. Our ability to predict exposure or effect of these materials on humans and their environment is still more limited. This Program consists of 8 integrated projects, 3 research support cores, a training core, a research translation core and an administrative core to address these problems. The investigators will determine the fate and transport of hazardous materials in ground water, surface water, and air as they move from toxic waste sites using classical and innovative methodologies. They will examine the effect of some of these materials using an epidemiological approach. Concurrently, they will develop sensitive systems for evaluating the exposure and effect of populations to these materials. Immunochemical, cell based and other systems will be used to detect biomarkers. Development of these biomarkers will be based on a fundamental understanding of the toxicological processes involved. The project will emphasize multiple organ systems with an in vivo emphasis on pulmonary and reproductive effects. New technologies for thermal and bioremediation of toxic waste will also be explored, and possible health risks associated with these technologies will be addressed. Rapid immunochemical and cell based analysis will supplement classical technologies for the evaluation of sites, validating models of transport from these sites, as well as determining human susceptibility, exposure and effect. Modern mass spectral technology will be evaluated for monitoring parent hazardous chemicals as well as biomarkers of exposure and effect. The investigators are expanding the use of transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and integrated bioinformatic technologies to discover new mechanisms of action of hazardous materials and biomarkers for their action. The biomarkers developed in this project will serve as biological dosimeters in epidemiological and ecological studies in this and sister projects. The technologies developed in the project will be tested at field sites and transferred to end users through a research translation core.

描述（由申请人提供） 尽管近年来，我们在废物场所分析危险材料的能力已大大提高，但我们的能力非常有限，我们的能力非常有限，可以通过各种媒体通过各种媒体或优先考虑和减轻所涉及的危险来追踪危险材料的移动。我们预测这些材料对人类及其环境的暴露或影响的能力仍然更加有限。 该计划包括8个集成项目，3个研究支持核心，一个培训核心，一个研究翻译核心和一个解决这些问题的行政核心。调查人员将使用经典和创新的方法从有毒废物站点中确定地下水，地表水和空气中有害物质的命运和运输。 他们将使用流行病学方法检查其中一些材料的效果。 同时，他们将开发敏感系统，以评估人群对这些材料的暴露和影响。 免疫化学，基于细胞和其他系统将用于检测生物标志物。 这些生物标志物的开发将基于对涉及毒理学过程的基本理解。 该项目将强调多个器官系统，并强调肺和生殖作用。 还将探讨用于热浪费的热和生物修复的新技术，并将解决与这些技术有关的健康风险。 快速的免疫化学和基于细胞的分析将补充经典技术，以评估站点，验证来自这些地点的运输模型，并确定人类的敏感性，暴露和效果。 现代质谱技术将进行评估，以监测父危险化学物质以及暴露和效果的生物标志物。 研究人员正在扩大转录组学，蛋白质组织，代谢组学和综合生物信息学技术的使用，以发现危险材料和生物标志物的作用机理，以采取其作用。 该项目中开发的生物标志物将在该项目和姊妹项目的流行病学和生态学研究中充当生物剂量计。 该项目中开发的技术将在现场测试中进行测试，并通过研究翻译核心转移到最终用户。