Brain networks for reading in stroke alexia and typical aging

中风失读症和典型衰老患者的大脑网络阅读

• 批准号: 10712205
• 负责人: RHONDA B FRIEDMAN
• 金额: $ 39万
• 依托单位: GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2027-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10712205
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Alexia; Alzheimer' s Disease; American; Anterior; Architecture; Area; Articulation; Atlases; Atrophic; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain Mapping; Brain imaging; Chronic; Cognition; Cognitive; Compensation; Craniocerebral Trauma; Data; Dementia; Diagnosis; Disease; Education; Elderly; Free Will; Frontotemporal Dementia; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Grant; Impairment; Knowledge; Language; Left; Lesion; Life; Link; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Materials Testing; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Modernization; Neurocognitive; Parents; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Performance; Persons; Play; Population; Primary Progressive Aphasia; Process; Reading; Recovery; Research Design; Role; Sample Size; Semantics; Sinus; Societies; Speech; Stroke; Surface; Syndrome; System; Techniques; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Time; Variant; Vision; Work; base; brain behavior; cognitive process; cohort; design; effective therapy; imaging study; improved; injured; invention; language impairment; loss of function; multimodal neuroimaging; multimodality; neural patterning; neurocognitive test; neuroimaging; novel strategies; parent grant; phonology; post stroke; reading ability; reading difficulties; restoration; semantic processing; speech processing; stroke survivor

ABSTRACT Our active grant, Brain Networks for Reading in Stroke Alexia and Typical Aging, is designed to examine the brain and cognitive bases of reading. This supplemental project employs the techniques already in place in the parent grant to examine the neurocognitive basis of reading decline in people with primary progressive aphasia (PPA), a disorder most commonly associated with frontotemporal dementia or Alzheimer’s disease. The ability to read is fundamental to living in modern society. Loss of reading ability due to stroke, head injury, or dementia, called alexia, affects millions of Americans at any given time and causes difficulty performing many daily life functions. To improve diagnosis and treatment of alexia, we must understand the neurocognitive basis of reading. In the parent grant we are conducting a large study of both stroke alexia and typical reading in older adults, using detailed measures of reading ability and the most advanced multimodal neuroimaging methods available. Reading relies on brain networks that evolved for speech and language processes, but neurocognitive models of reading have not yet incorporated recent advances in our understanding of these networks. The parent grant proposes a new model of Reading Integrated with Speech and Semantics (RISS) that provides a more specific neurocognitive architecture for reading than prior models. The RISS model articulates the important role that semantics must play in reading. Semantic processing is hypothesized to rely heavily on activation of the left anterior temporal lobe (ATL). However, it is difficult to examine the ATL using BOLD fMRI in neurotypical adults due to its close proximity to the sinuses; and the ATL is rarely damaged by stroke. A significant advantage of studying reading in people with primary progressive aphasia is that this population includes people whose atrophy is largely focused in the anterior temporal lobe of the left hemisphere. In fact, a particular pattern of alexia, called surface alexia, has been linked to a particular variant of PPA, semantic variant PPA (svPPA). Atrophy in svPPA tends to be focused in the ATL. Yet it is important to note that patterns of alexia, including surface alexia, can be seen in all variants of PPA, with atrophy observed in other regions of the left hemisphere. Combining results from this supplement with results from the parent study, then, will provide a more global perspective of how reading is represented in the brain. The past decade has seen an increase in the number of studies designed to develop treatments for language impairments in dementia. Most of these studies target word finding impairments, and some focus on increasing fluency. Reading impairments in dementia have received little attention. By advancing our understanding of the neurocognitive basis of alexia in dementia, this project will pave the way for developing effective treatments for alexia in stroke and in dementia.

摘要 我们的积极资助，脑网络阅读中风失读症和典型老化，旨在研究 阅读的大脑和认知基础。这个补充项目采用了现有的技术 在父母补助金中，研究了小学生阅读能力下降的神经认知基础。 进行性失语症（PPA），一种最常见的与额颞叶痴呆或 老年痴呆症阅读能力是现代社会生活的基础。由于阅读能力丧失 中风，头部受伤，或痴呆症，称为失读症，影响数百万美国人在任何给定的时间和原因， 难以执行许多日常生活功能。为了提高失读症的诊断和治疗，我们必须 理解阅读的神经认知基础。在家长补助金中，我们正在进行一项大型研究， 中风失读症和典型的阅读在老年人，使用详细的措施，阅读能力和最 先进的多模式神经成像方法。阅读依赖于大脑网络， 语言和语言过程，但阅读的神经认知模型尚未纳入最近的 我们对这些网络的理解的进步。家长补助金提出了一种新的阅读模式 与语音和语义学（RISS）集成，提供更具体的神经认知架构， 比之前的模型更容易阅读。RISS模型阐明了语义在阅读中的重要作用。 语义加工被假设为严重依赖于激活的左前颞叶（ATL）。 然而，由于ATL与神经元的位置非常接近，因此很难使用BOLD fMRI检查神经典型成人的ATL。 窦; ATL很少被中风损坏。研究人类阅读的一个显著优势是 与原发性进行性失语症相关的是，这一人群包括萎缩主要集中在 左半球的前颞叶事实上，失读症的一种特殊模式，称为表面失读症， 它与PPA的一个特殊变体，语义变体PPA（svPPA）有关。svPPA中的萎缩倾向于 专注于ATL。然而，重要的是要注意，失读症的模式，包括表面失读症，可以在所有 PPA的变体，在左半球的其他区域观察到萎缩。综合这些结果 补充父母研究的结果，那么，将提供一个更全球性的视角，阅读是如何 在大脑中表现出来。在过去的十年中，旨在开发 治疗痴呆症的语言障碍。这些研究大多针对单词查找障碍， 有些人专注于提高流畅性。痴呆症患者的阅读障碍很少受到关注。通过 推进我们对失智症失读症的神经认知基础的理解，该项目将铺平道路 为中风和痴呆症患者的失读症开发有效的治疗方法。