Rehabilitation and Prophylaxis of Anomia in Primary Progressive Aphasia

原发性进行性失语症失语症的康复和预防

• 批准号: 8185775
• 负责人: RHONDA B FRIEDMAN
• 金额: $ 52.86万
• 依托单位: GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-01 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8185775
• 关键词: Anomia; Area; Atrophic; Biological Preservation; Brain imaging; Clinical; Cognitive; Communication; Dementia; Diagnosis; Disease; Family; Family Caregiver; Future; Genetic Transcription; Goals; Home environment; Image; Impaired cognition; Impairment; International; Intervention; Language Disorders; Learning; Life; Maintenance; Measures; Memory; Motor; Names; Nerve Degeneration; Outcome; Overlearning; Patients; Pattern; Prevention; Primary Progressive Aphasia; Process; Prophylactic treatment; Psychological reinforcement; Publishing; Quality of life; Reading; Rehabilitation therapy; Research Personnel; Resistance; Retrieval; Semantic Dementias; Staging; Syndrome; Techniques; Testing; Therapeutic; Time; Training; Variant; Writing; base; cerebral atrophy; cognitive function; design; implicit memory; improved; interest; language processing; novel; programs; relating to nervous system; remediation; time interval; treatment effect; treatment response

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this study is to remediate word-finding problems in patients with Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA) and to delay the further progression of word-finding impairment. The current approach is novel in that it contains a prophylaxis component in which we attempt to strengthen neural connections that remain functional, making them more resistant to degradation as the disease progresses. While the study is specific in its targeting of word-finding problems, a successful outcome would bode well for other studies aimed at prevention or reversal of declining cognitive functions in dementia. Patients with PPA whose naming of pictures has just begun to show signs of decline will receive practice with picture naming in two conditions: viewing the picture and repeating the name; and viewing the picture with its written name, plus reading and writing the name. Naming of pictures trained in each of these conditions will be compared, at three time intervals post-training, with naming of pictures tested before the study but never trained. A scene-description task containing trained items will be used to assess generalization. It is predicted that the pairing of the picture with its written name, combined with the motor task of writing the name, will result in a greater ability to name the picture at a later date than simple practice viewing the picture and repeating the name. Generalization to other exemplars and to other task situations is also predicted. In addition, we will image the brains of the patients to determine whether patterns of brain atrophy can be used to predict treatment response. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Primary progressive aphasia is a progressive disorder of language processing. During the early stages of primary progressive aphasia, when patients are still living at home and functioning within the normal family setting, one of the greatest challenges to normal living is difficulty communicating caused in part by the inability to access the appropriate words. The successful delay or remediation of such word finding problems - the goal of the proposed study - would have significant consequences for the quality of life of patients with primary progressive aphasia, and for their families and caregivers.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的目的是纠正原发性进行性失语症（PPA）患者的单词查找问题，并延迟单词查找障碍的进一步进展。目前的方法是新颖的，因为它包含一个预防成分，我们试图加强保持功能的神经连接，使它们在疾病进展时更能抵抗退化。虽然这项研究针对的是单词查找问题，但成功的结果对其他旨在预防或逆转痴呆症认知功能下降的研究来说是个好兆头。PPA患者的图片命名能力刚刚开始出现下降的迹象，将在两种情况下接受图片命名练习：观看图片并重复名称;以及观看图片及其书面名称，加上阅读和书写名称。在训练后的三个时间间隔，将在这些条件中的每一个中训练的图片的命名与在研究之前测试但从未训练的图片的命名进行比较。包含训练项目的场景描述任务将用于评估泛化。据预测，图片与其书面名称的配对，结合写名字的运动任务，将导致在以后的日期命名图片的能力比简单的做法观看图片和重复的名字。泛化到其他范例和其他任务的情况下也预测。此外，我们还将对患者的大脑进行成像，以确定脑萎缩的模式是否可用于预测治疗反应。 公共卫生相关性：原发性进行性失语症是一种进行性语言处理障碍。在原发性进行性失语症的早期阶段，当患者仍然生活在家中并在正常的家庭环境中运作时，正常生活的最大挑战之一是部分由于无法获得适当的词语而导致的沟通困难。成功地延迟或补救这些单词查找问题-拟议研究的目标-将对原发性进行性失语症患者及其家人和照顾者的生活质量产生重大影响。