Integrating neural and momentary assessment of parenting, arousal, and adolescent substance use

项目摘要/摘要 青春期是物质使用(SU)增加的风险期。此外，SU费率也在增加 青春期女孩，然而，苏州的性别差异研究不足。考虑到公共卫生问题 青春期SU，关键是识别SU的危险因素，并利用这些因素发展对性别敏感的可获得性 苏的预防。SU的一个风险因素是不适应的父母教育。不适应的父母教养方式可能导致SU 通过它对青少年情绪和与奖励相关的唤醒的影响。我的美国国立卫生研究院资助的开发项目 利用实验室和功能磁共振成像方法进行的研究发现，不适应的父母教养方式预示着 女孩的消极情绪唤醒和男孩的奖励唤醒，这预示着SU增加 (R01-DA033431)。然而，这些实验室/MRI发现是有限的，因为它们不能捕捉真实世界的近端 父母教养、唤醒和SU之间的联系。我的另一项研究发现，干预 改善父母教养方式可以预防青春期SU(R01-DA052427)。然而，育儿干预是有限的。 因为并不是所有的父母都可以访问它们，并且没有解决现实世界中的瞬时育儿问题。 为了解决这个问题，建议的K02奖将为我提供受保护的时间(通过从 教学和行政职责)和瞬间科学方面的高级培训，以改变我的 发展和干预研究，并改变这些科学领域。K02将为我提供 通过生态瞬时评估(EMA)概念模型的实践培训，EMA收集和 分析、功能磁共振成像-EMA分析、传感器集成和生态瞬时干预(EMI)开发。 通过这次培训，我将更充分地表征父母教养方式对SU和SU的影响机制上的性别差异 将确定无障碍智能手机提供的即时育儿干预的目标，以防止 苏。K02的研究将增加为期4周的父母教养、青少年情绪和奖励唤醒的EMA，并将SU添加到 我正在进行的实验室/MRI R01研究，对75名青少年进行了3年的随访(15-16岁，期间 SU升级)。我将使用这一EMA来理解瞬间的父母养育、唤醒和SU联想(由 性)在真实世界的背景下。我将利用年轻人12岁时从R01收集的fMRI数据- 13检查青少年早期的fMRI反应是否适度的瞬间EMA联系。 这一K02奖将通过允许研究 神经生物学风险和对瞬间现实世界育儿行为的敏感性。K02研究将受益于 来自R01研究中已经招募和MRI扫描的年轻人，他们正在接受R01的跟踪 进行广泛的纵向评估，为期3年。K02奖将允许在EMA中进行实践培训 转变我的研究计划，为R01应用程序提供试点数据，以进行大型EMA-fMRI研究，以及 为我提供培训和试点数据，以制定瞬时干预措施，减少负面养育方式(或 青春期唤醒对父母教养的反应)在现实世界的瞬间环境中防止青春期苏醒。

Project Summary/Abstract Adolescence is a risk period for increases in substance use (SU). Also, SU rates are increasing for adolescent girls, however sex differences in SU are under-studied. Given the public health problem of adolescent SU, it is critical to identify risk factors for SU and use those to develop accessible gender-sensitive SU preventions. One risk factor for SU is maladaptive parenting. Maladaptive parenting may lead to lead SU through its effects on adolescent emotion and reward-related arousal. My NIH-funded line of developmental research, using laboratory and fMRI methods, has found that maladaptive parenting predicts heightened negative emotional arousal for girls and heightened reward arousal for boys, which predicts increased SU (R01-DA033431). However, these lab/MRI findings are limited in that they do not capture real-world proximal associations among parenting, arousal, and SU. My other line of research has found that interventions that improve parenting can prevent adolescent SU (R01-DA052427). However, parenting interventions are limited in that they are not accessible to all parents and do not address momentary real-world parenting. To address this, the proposed K02 Award would provide me with protected time (through release from teaching and administrative duties) and advanced training in momentary science to transform my lines of developmental and intervention research and to transform those scientific fields. The K02 would provide me with hands-on training in conceptual models of ecological momentary assessment (EMA), EMA collection and analyses, fMRI-EMA analyses, sensor integration, and ecological momentary intervention (EMI) development. With this training, I will more fully characterize sex differences in mechanisms of parenting effects on SU and will identify targets for accessible smart-phone delivered momentary parenting-focused interventions to prevent SU. The K02 study would add a 4 week EMA of parenting, adolescent emotion and reward arousal, and SU to my ongoing lab/MRI R01 study with a subset of 75 adolescents at their 3 year follow-ups (at age 15-16, during escalation of SU). I will use this EMA to understand momentary parenting, arousal, and SU associations (by sex) in real world contexts. I will leverage already collected fMRI data from the R01 when youth were age 12- 13 to examine whether adolescents’ earlier fMRI responses moderate momentary EMA associations. This K02 Award would enhance my research by allowing investigation of interplay between neurobiological risk and sensitivity to momentary real-world parenting behaviors. The K02 study will benefit from the already recruited and MRI scanned youth in the R01 study who are being followed through the R01 for 3 years with extensive longitudinal assessments. The K02 Award will allow hands-on training in EMA to transform my program of research, pilot data for a R01 application to conduct a large EMA-fMRI study, and training and pilot data for me to develop momentary interventions that reduces negative parenting (or adolescent arousal in response to parenting) in the moment in real world settings to prevent adolescent SU.