Epithelial intrinsic inflammasomes direct host defense against gut microbes

上皮内在炎症小体直接引导宿主防御肠道微生物

• 批准号: 10801424
• 负责人: Leigh Knodler
• 金额: $ 34.94万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT & ST AGRIC COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-01 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10801424
• 关键词: Epithelial; intrinsic; inflammasomes; direct; host

PROJECT SUMMARY Enteric infections and their associated sequelae, including pain, nausea, inflammation and diarrhea, are major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in children. Being at the frontline of intestinal host defense, intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are the frequent target of enteric pathogens. It is generally believed that during enteric infections, the gut epithelium and overlying mucus layer, which are at the forefront of the host-microbial interface, primarily provide a physical barrier against invading pathogens, whereas any innate immune response that occurs within the intestinal mucosa is largely driven by the immune/inflammatory cells resident in the lamina propria. In contrast, recent studies, including our own, ascribe an unprecedented role for IECs as important players in gut innate immune responses. Together, these studies unequivocally showed that canonical and non-canonical inflammasomes in IECs promote host defense and inflammatory responses at early stages of infection by the model enteric pathogen, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. The primary objective of this application is to define the contribution of IEC inflammasomes to antimicrobial host defenses in the gut. Our general hypothesis is that IEC intrinsic inflammasomes coordinate several protective and anti-microbial pathways at the gut mucosal surface. Two integrated specific aims are proposed to test this hypothesis. First, we will delineate the protective role of IEC inflammasomes against enteric pathogens in vitro and in vivo, and assess the regulation and temporal contribution of IEC canonical and non-canonical inflammasomes during infection. Second, we will elucidate goblet cell-specific inflammasome-dependent defense responses. Completion of this proposal will close a significant knowledge gap regarding the impact of epithelium-intrinsic inflammasomes on intestinal antimicrobial defense, homeostasis and disease development.

项目摘要 肠道感染及其相关的后遗症，包括疼痛，恶心，炎症和腹泻，是主要的 世界各地发病率和死亡率的原因，特别是儿童。处于肠道宿主的最前线 肠上皮细胞（IEC）是肠道病原体的常见靶标。一般认为 在肠道感染过程中，肠道上皮细胞和上覆的粘液层，它们位于肠道的最前沿， 宿主-微生物界面主要提供抵抗入侵病原体物理屏障，而任何先天的 肠粘膜内发生的免疫应答主要由免疫/炎症细胞驱动 存在于固有层中。相比之下，最近的研究，包括我们自己的，归因于一个前所未有的作用， IEC是肠道先天免疫反应的重要参与者。总之，这些研究明确表明， IEC中的典型和非典型炎性小体促进宿主防御和炎症反应， 模型肠道病原体，沙门氏菌血清型鼠伤寒感染的早期阶段。的 本申请的主要目的是确定IEC炎性小体对抗菌宿主的贡献 肠道的防御我们的一般假设是，IEC内在的炎性小体协调几种保护作用， 和肠道粘膜表面的抗微生物途径。提出了两个综合的具体目标来检验这一点 假说.首先，我们将描述IEC炎性小体在体外对肠道病原体的保护作用 和体内，并评估IEC规范和非规范的调节和时间贡献 感染期间的炎性小体。其次，我们将阐明杯状细胞特异性炎性小体依赖性 防御反应。完成这一提案将填补在以下方面的重大知识空白： 上皮-内源性炎性小体对肠道抗菌防御、体内平衡和疾病发展的影响。

项目成果

Gut Microbiota as a Trigger for Metabolic Inflammation in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes.

• DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.571731
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Frontiers in immunology
• 影响因子: 7.3
• 作者: Scheithauer TPM;Rampanelli E;Nieuwdorp M;Vallance BA;Verchere CB;van Raalte DH;Herrema H
• 通讯作者: Herrema H