RFA-CE-23-006, Preventing firearm-related harm through Domestic Violence Protection Order firearm prohibitions and relinquishment

项目摘要/摘要 家庭暴力(DV)及其最常见的亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)是严重的公共健康 以及对个人、家庭和社区具有持久后果的安全问题。枪支发挥着重要作用 在DV和IPV中持续造成伤害的后果作用，而这种伤害不成比例地由 美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民、黑人和多种族妇女。遭受家庭暴力的个人 根据联邦法律，保护令(DVPO)被禁止购买和拥有枪支， 但这些禁令在美国各地并没有得到始终如一的实施或执行。一些州， 包括华盛顿州在内，也颁布了类似的禁令。这些国家级DVPO枪支禁令可能 减少与枪支有关的犯罪、伤害和死亡，但需要进行严格的个人层面的评估，特别是 为了研究这些禁令是否可以减少美洲印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民与枪支有关的伤害， 黑人和多种族女性。我们提出了一个项目，以响应“研究资助严格评估 防止与枪支有关的暴力和伤害的创新和有希望的战略“，使用供资备选方案B 并直接针对融资机会通知上指明的目的和范围。最重要的是 这项建议的目标是严格评估DVPO枪支实施的有效性 禁止减少随后与枪支有关的犯罪、受害者-幸存者/请愿人的受伤和死亡， 受保护的未成年人和受访者。我们将收集大约12,500个DVPO和与枪支有关的伤害的新数据 在华盛顿州，作为多县人口队列研究的一部分。使用公共卫生促进和政策 与具有DV和IPV专业知识的跨学科研究人员团队协作的研究框架， 枪伤流行病学、公共政策、因果推断和应用计量经济学、法学、公共卫生、 刑事法律制度差异，和社会学，我们将：描述受访者交出枪支的特征 DVPO禁枪政策实施前后(目标1)；评估DVPO的效力 禁止枪支在减少与枪支有关的危害方面的作用(目标2)；评价DVPO禁止枪支的效果 关于与枪支有关的伤害、犯罪和种族死亡的政策执行情况(目标3)；并量化 就与枪支有关的伤害核实了放弃枪支的情况(目标4)。定量的(例如，差异中的差异 设计政策评估、编制者平均因果影响)和定性方法(例如，主题分析)将 被用来解决这些目标。确定枪支移除对枪支相关危害的影响是非常重要的 重要的是，尤其是在枪支增加致命伤害风险的DVPO的情况下。我们将利用 我们现有的学术实践合作伙伴关系，以实现我们的目标。这一创新项目将产生新的 关于DVPO枪支禁令及其防止与枪支有关的潜力的定性和定量调查结果 制定、实施和执行时的伤害、暴力犯罪和死亡。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Domestic violence (DV) and its most common form intimate partner violence (IPV) are substantial public health and safety problems with lasting consequences for individuals, families, and communities. Firearms play a consequential role in perpetuating harm in DV and IPV, and this harm is disproportionately experienced by American Indian / Alaska Native, Black, and multiracial women. Individuals subject to Domestic Violence Protection Orders (DVPOs) are prohibited from purchasing and possessing firearms according to federal law, but these prohibitions are not consistently implemented or enforced across the United States. Some states, including Washington state, have enacted similar prohibitions. These state-level DVPO firearm prohibitions may reduce firearm-related crime, injury, and death, but rigorous, individual-level evaluations are needed, particularly to examine whether these prohibitions can reduce firearm-related harm among American Indian / Alaska Native, Black, and multiracial women. We propose a project in response to “Research Grants to Rigorously Evaluate Innovative and Promising Strategies to Prevent Firearm-related Violence and Injuries” using Funding Option B and directly addressing the purpose and scope indicated on the Notice of Funding Opportunity. The overarching goal of this proposal is to rigorously evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of DVPO firearm prohibitions in reducing subsequent firearm-related crime, injury, and death of victim-survivors / petitioners, protected minors, and respondents. We will collect new data on around 12,500 DVPOs and firearm-related harm in Washington State as part of a multi-county population cohort study. Using a public health promotion and policy research framework in collaboration with a team of interdisciplinary researchers with expertise in DV and IPV, epidemiology of firearm injury, public policy, causal inference and applied econometrics, law, public health, criminal legal system disparities, and sociology, we will: characterize firearm relinquishment by respondents before and after implementation of DVPO firearm prohibition policy (Aim 1); assess the effectiveness of DVPO firearm prohibitions in reducing firearm-related harm (Aim 2); evaluate the effect of DVPO firearm prohibition policy implementation on firearm-related injury, crime, and death by race (Aim 3); and quantify the impact of verified firearm relinquishment on firearm-related harm (Aim 4). Both quantitative (e.g., differences-in-differences design policy evaluation, complier average causal effects) and qualitative methods (e.g., thematic analysis) will be used to address these aims. Identifying the impact of firearm removal on firearm-related harm is of great importance, particularly in the context of DVPOs where firearms escalate the risk of fatal harm. We will leverage our existing academic-practice partnerships to achieve our goals. This innovative project will generate new qualitative and quantitative findings on DVPO firearm prohibitions and their potential to prevent firearm-related injury, violent crime, and death when enacted, implemented, and enforced.