Administrative Supplements to Recognize Excellence in Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Accessibility (DEIA) Mentorship

表彰在多样性、公平性、包容性和可及性 (DEIA) 指导方面表现卓越的行政补充

• 批准号: 10792401
• 负责人: Needhi Bhalla
• 金额: $ 35.33万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-03 至 2026-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10792401
• 关键词: Address; Administrative Supplement; Aneuploid Cells; Aneuploidy; Behavior; Biological; Caenorhabditis elegans; Cell Cycle; Cell Cycle Arrest; Cell Cycle Checkpoint; Cell physiology; Cells; Chromosome Segregation; Chromosome Structures; Chromosomes; Congenital Abnormality; Defect; Diagnostic; Disease; Future; Infertility; Malignant Neoplasms; Mentorship; Monitor; Organism; Play; Proteins; Regulation; Role; Shapes; Spontaneous abortion; Tissues; Work; cell type; daughter cell; equity, diversity, and inclusion; prevent; response

Project Summary Chromosome segregation is precisely controlled to ensure that daughter cells receive the correct number of chromosomes. Cell cycle checkpoints play an important role in this regulation by monitoring chromosome behavior and delaying or arresting the cell cycle to correct errors. Despite being characterized almost exclusively in single cells, the functions of cell cycle checkpoints are perhaps most critical in multicellular organisms, where chromosomal abnormailities can produce cancer, infertility, miscarriages and birth defects. As multicellular organisms develop, cells undergo dramatic changes in size, shape, fate, chromosome structure and cell cycle duration. How the function of cell cycle checkpoints is coordinated with and modulated by these changes in cellular context are unknown. We have shown that checkpoint proteins in one biological context can monitor and regulate radically different chromosome behaviors in a different biological context. By analyzing the function and regulation of essential checkpoint factors in cells that vary in size, shape, fate, and tissue in C. elegans, we will identify mechanisms, both common and unique, that guarantee that chromosomes segregate properly in all cell types. Fundamentally, our future work is focused on addressing two major questions: Does the function of checkpoint proteins vary depending on their biological context, such that the same proteins appear to have dramatically different roles? Or are there common fundamental mechanisms that monitor diverse chromosome behaviors to produce functionally different checkpoint responses?

项目摘要 精确控制染色体分离以确保子细胞接收正确数目的染色体。 染色体细胞周期检查点通过监测染色体在这一调控过程中发挥重要作用 行为和延迟或阻止细胞周期以纠正错误。尽管几乎被描述为 细胞周期检查点的功能仅在单细胞中，在多细胞中可能是最关键的。 染色体异常可导致癌症、不育、流产和出生缺陷。 随着多细胞生物的发展，细胞在大小、形状、命运、染色体 结构和细胞周期持续时间。细胞周期检查点的功能是如何协调和调节的 细胞环境中的这些变化是未知的。 我们已经证明，在一个生物学背景下，检查点蛋白可以监测和调节完全不同的蛋白质。 在不同的生物学背景下的染色体行为。通过分析要素的作用和规律， 在C. elegans，we will identify识别mechanisms机制， 共同的和独特的，保证染色体在所有细胞类型中正确分离。 从根本上说，我们未来的工作重点是解决两个主要问题：检查点的功能是否 蛋白质根据其生物学背景而变化，因此相同的蛋白质似乎具有显著的 不同的角色？或者是否有共同的基本机制，监测不同的染色体行为， 产生功能上不同的检查点响应？