Peer Talk Influence on Adolescent Sexual Risk, Dating Aggression & Substance Use

同伴谈话对青少年性风险、约会攻击的影响

• 批准号: 8129992
• 负责人: Esti Iturralde
• 金额: $ 3.84万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-01 至 2014-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8129992
• 关键词: Acoustics; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Risk Behavior; Adult; Affective; Aggressive behavior; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Attitude; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavioral; Characteristics; Child; Code; Cognitive; Communities; Data; Development; Developmental Process; Emotional; Exposure to; Family; Female Adolescents; Friends; Friendships; Future; Goals; Gold; Health; Health Promotion; Human; Influentials; Intervention; Life; Link; Literature; Male Adolescents; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mental Health; Nature; Outcome; Parents; Pathway interactions; Peer Group; Phase; Play; Pregnancy; Pregnancy in Adolescence; Prevention; Preventive; Process; Research; Research Methodology; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Role; Sampling; Science; Sex Characteristics; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Speech; Staging; Testing; Time; Videotape; Voice; Work; Youth; age group; aged; base; computerized; computerized data processing; design; dyadic interaction; effective intervention; experience; follow-up; health economics; improved; innovation; intergenerational; peer; peer influence; physical conditioning; programs; response; sex; sex risk; sexual relationship; therapy design; transmission process; trend; unintended pregnancy

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed study will investigate peer influence on adolescent sexual risk, dating aggression, and substance use by directly examining talk between peers aged 16 to 19. Adolescence is a period of increased involvement in romantic and sexual relationships, which are salient experiences in the transition to adulthood, but also introduce vulnerabilities. In particular, unintended pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and dating aggression are prevalent problems in adolescence that pose dangers to long-term physical and mental health and incur considerable burden to public resources. Other risk behaviors, especially substance use, appear to share common developmental pathways. Often overlooked in the adolescent risk literature has been the transmission of information and influence between peers on these issues, given that friendships also assume more importance in adolescence. Preventive programs that target adolescent risk behavior have increasingly focused on changing peer group-based norms and interpersonal behaviors, but more basic science is necessary to understand the mechanisms and effects of peer influence so that they may be harnessed for improved intervention. The proposed study builds upon an ongoing longitudinal project that provides multiple waves of data on adolescents' risk behavior as well as exposure to family-of-origin aggression, treated here as a predictor of later deleterious outcomes. An ethnically diverse, community sample of same-sex friends will participate in videotaped, ecologically valid discussions of topics important to their lives, including dating and substance use. These candid discussions allow for measurement of cognitive, affective, and behavioral processes of peer influence. Processes will be measured through coding by human raters and also innovative computerized speech signal processing to measure emotional tone from acoustic characteristics of the voice. Longitudinal and multilevel analyses with 131 peer dyads will be used to test mediating and interacting effects, with aims to (1) examine associations between peer talk and risk, specifically dating aggression, sexual risk, STIs, pregnancy, and substance use; (2) test mediating and moderating roles for peer talk in the link between family-of-origin aggression and later risk and romantic relationship quality; and (3) explore gender differences in the effects of peer talk on outcomes. The proposed study will bridge literatures on: the intergenerational transmission of aggression; adolescent dating aggression, sexual risk behavior, and substance use; observational coding and computerized analysis of dyadic interaction; and adolescent health promotion. We argue that greater understanding of peer talk influence is critical to the design of more effective interventions for reducing teen pregnancy, STI transmission, dating aggression, and substance use among adolescents. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Rather than a passing phase, adolescent romantic relationships can have long-lasting consequences. They prepare youth for romantic commitments in adulthood with all of their adjustment, health, and economic benefits. They also, however, make youth vulnerable to serious risks, among them unintended pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections, and dating aggression, which are all prevalent in this age group, dangerous to physical and mental health, and incur considerable burden to public resources. Other risk behaviors, especially substance use, are often implicated in these outcomes. Peer relationships, which become notably more influential in adolescence, play an important but poorly understood role in the emergence of risk behaviors. The intertwined nature of adolescent peer and romantic relationships is particularly informative in designing interventions. The proposed research is attuned to new trends in prevention science. In recent years, interventions targeting adolescent sexual risk and dating aggression have increasingly focused on peer group-based norms and interpersonal behaviors. Although studies indicate positive impacts of overall programs, these have not directly examined peer attitudes or interpersonal behaviors per seethe proposed study contributes to the understanding of mechanisms and effects of peer influence so that these processes may be harnessed for improved intervention.

描述(由申请者提供)：这项拟议的研究将通过直接检查16至19岁的同龄人之间的谈话来调查同龄人对青春期性风险、约会攻击性和药物使用的影响。青春期是一个更多地参与浪漫和性关系的时期，这是过渡到成年的突出经历，但也会带来脆弱性。特别是，意外怀孕、性传播感染和约会攻击性是青春期普遍存在的问题，对长期身心健康构成危险，并对公共资源造成相当大的负担。其他危险行为，特别是物质使用，似乎有共同的发展途径。在青少年风险文献中经常被忽视的是同龄人之间在这些问题上的信息和影响的传递，因为友谊在青春期也扮演着更重要的角色。针对青少年危险行为的预防计划越来越注重改变基于同伴群体的规范和人际行为，但需要更多的基础科学来理解同伴影响的机制和效果，以便利用它们来改进干预。这项拟议的研究建立在一个正在进行的纵向项目的基础上，该项目提供了关于青少年危险行为以及暴露于家庭来源攻击的多波数据，这里将其视为未来有害后果的预测因素。一个不同种族的同性朋友社区样本将参与录制的、具有生态有效性的讨论，讨论对他们生活重要的话题，包括约会和物质使用。这些坦率的讨论允许测量同伴影响的认知、情感和行为过程。过程将通过人类评分员编码来衡量，还将通过创新的计算机化语音信号处理来根据声音的声学特征来衡量情感音调。本研究将对131个同伴二人组进行纵向和多水平的分析，以检验中介和交互效应，目的是(1)检验同伴谈话与风险之间的关系，特别是约会攻击性、性传播感染、怀孕和药物使用；(2)检验同伴谈话在家庭来源攻击和后来的风险与恋爱关系质量之间的联系中的中介和调节作用；以及(3)探索同伴谈话对结果影响的性别差异。这项拟议的研究将在以下方面的文献之间架起桥梁：攻击性的代际传播；青少年约会攻击性、性危险行为和药物使用；观察编码和二元互动的计算机化分析；以及青少年健康促进。我们认为，更好地理解同伴谈话的影响对于设计更有效的干预措施以减少青少年怀孕、性传播感染、约会攻击性和青少年药物使用至关重要。 与公共健康相关：青春期的恋爱关系不是一个转瞬即逝的阶段，而是可以产生长期的后果。他们为年轻人成年后的浪漫承诺做好准备，带着他们所有的适应、健康和经济利益。然而，它们也使青年容易受到严重风险的影响，其中包括意外怀孕、性传播感染和约会侵犯，这些都是这个年龄段的普遍现象，对身心健康构成危险，并对公共资源造成相当大的负担。其他危险行为，特别是物质使用，往往与这些结果有关。同伴关系在青春期变得更有影响力，在危险行为的出现中扮演着重要但鲜为人知的角色。青春期同伴关系和恋爱关系交织在一起的性质在设计干预措施时尤其有用。这项拟议的研究符合预防科学的新趋势。近年来，针对青春期性风险和约会攻击的干预措施越来越多地集中在基于同龄人群体的规范和人际行为上。虽然研究表明整体计划的积极影响，但这些并没有直接检查同伴的态度或人际行为。拟议的研究有助于理解同伴影响的机制和影响，以便利用这些过程来改进干预。