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Effect of Diet on Vascular Disease: Study of African American & Caucasian Women

饮食对血管疾病的影响：非裔美国人的研究

基本信息

批准号：
8553499
负责人：
Anne Sumner
金额：
$ 18.64万
依托单位：
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
至
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8553499
关键词：
Accounting Affect African American Age American Award Basic Science Blood Blood Circulation Blood Pressure Blood Vessels Blood flow Boxing Carbohydrates Cardiovascular Diseases Caucasians Caucasoid Race Characteristics Clinical Coagulation Process Data Analyses Development Diet Eligibility Determination Enrollment Enzymes Evaluation Fasting Fatty acid glycerol esters Food Preferences Funding Guidelines Hepatic Hour Hyperinsulinism Hypertriglyceridemia Individual Individual Differences Inflammation Inflammatory Insulin Resistance Investigation Lead Lipids Low Prevalence Measures Metabolic syndrome Nonesterified Fatty Acids Obesity Outpatients Participant Peripheral Physiology Production Program Effectiveness Proteins Protocols documentation Public Health Schools Reliance Research Research Personnel Risk Sampling Screening procedure Stress Stroke Syndrome System Testing Triglycerides Ultrasonography United States United States National Institutes of Health Vascular Diseases Visceral Visit Woman apolipoprotein C-III arm bench to bedside cardiovascular risk factor design ethnic difference intravenous glucose tolerance test lipoprotein lipase men mortality particle prevent response

项目摘要

For this study we will enroll 96 women (48 African American and 48 Caucasian women). We are enrolling women between the ages of 18 and 64 years. The study will involve several outpatient visits to the NIH Clinical Center. The first visit will be a screening to determine eligibility. At the second visit a test will be performed to measure insulin resistance. This test is called a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test. The third visit will be for the test meal. Before and at 2, 4 and 6 hours after the meal, blood will be drawn and vascular function measured. Vascular function is determined by taking blood pressure and then measuring blood flow in the arm with ultrasound. It is possible that individual differences in diet could affect the results of the vascular study on the day of the test meal. Therefore for 7 days prior to the test meal, the NIH Clinical Center will provide to each participant all their meals in the form of either trays or meals in a box. These meals will consist of the typical American diet and be 33% fat, 15% protein and 52% carbohydrate. In designing these meals, the dietician will take into account individual food preferences. Twenty-six women (16 African American and 16 Caucasian) have now completed the study. Enrollment and analysis of data already collected is underway. Our early findings are that African American women are more insulin resistant and hyperinsulinemic than white women. In addition, African American women have lower TG and lower apoCIII levels both fasting and postprandially than white women. Hyperinsulinemia in African American women is a major factor accounting for high free fatty acid clearance and low TG levels. In addition, because hyperinsulinemia is responsible for greater clearance of free fatty acids, this may be a major factor explaining higher degree of peripheral fat and lower visceral adiposity in African American women than white women. ApoCIII which has not been previously studied postprandially in African-American women is lower in African American than white women. ApoCIII inhibits activity of lipoprotein lipase, the enzyme which clears TG from the circulation. Therefore while high apoCIII is responsible for high TG levels and low apoCIII is at least one factor explaining low TG levels in African American women.

在这项研究中，我们将招募 96 名女性（48 名非裔美国人和 48 名白人女性）。我们正在招收年龄在 18 岁至 64 岁之间的女性。该研究将涉及 NIH 临床中心的多次门诊就诊。第一次访问将进行筛选以确定资格。在第二次就诊时，将进行测试以测量胰岛素抵抗。该测试称为频繁采样静脉内葡萄糖耐量测试。第三次访问将是试餐。餐前以及餐后2、4和6小时，抽血并测量血管功能。通过测量血压然后用超声波测量手臂的血流量来确定血管功能。饮食的个体差异可能会影响测试餐当天血管研究的结果。因此，在测试餐前 7 天，NIH 临床中心将以托盘或盒装餐的形式向每位参与者提供所有餐食。这些膳食将由典型的美国饮食组成，其中包括 33% 的脂肪、15% 的蛋白质和 52% 的碳水化合物。在设计这些膳食时，营养师会考虑个人的食物偏好。 26 名女性（16 名非裔美国人和 16 名白人）现已完成这项研究。已收集数据的登记和分析正在进行中。我们的早期发现是，非洲裔美国女性比白人女性更容易产生胰岛素抵抗和高胰岛素血症。此外，非洲裔美国女性在空腹和餐后的 TG 和 apoCIII 水平均低于白人女性。非裔美国女性的高胰岛素血症是造成游离脂肪酸清除率高和甘油三酯水平低的一个主要因素。此外，由于高胰岛素血症导致游离脂肪酸的清除率更高，这可能是解释非洲裔美国女性比白人女性外周脂肪含量更高和内脏肥胖程度更低的主要因素。此前尚未在非裔美国女性中进行餐后 ApoCIII 的研究，但非裔美国女性的 ApoCIII 水平低于白人女性。 ApoCIII 抑制脂蛋白脂肪酶的活性，该酶可从循环中清除 TG。因此，高 apoCIII 是导致高 TG 水平的原因，而低 apoCIII 至少是解释非裔美国女性低 TG 水平的一个因素。