Novel Methods for Chromium and Vanadium Analyses in Biological Fluids

生物液体中铬和钒分析的新方法

• 批准号: 7640633
• 负责人: ZILING (BEN) XUE
• 金额: $ 18.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE KNOXVILLE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-07-01 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7640633
• 关键词: Adjuvant Therapy; Benign; Biological; Bismuth; Blood; Chemicals; Chemistry; Chromates; Chromium; Complex; Detection; Diabetes Mellitus; Diagnosis; Digestive System Disorders; Electrodes; Equilibrium; Frequencies; Glucose; Goals; Grant; Human; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Kidney; Ligands; Liquid substance; Measurement; Measures; Metabolic; Metals; Methods; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Population; Process; Reaction; Research; Residual state; Sampling; Source; Surface; Techniques; Tennessee; Ultraviolet Rays; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Urine; Vanadates; Vanadium; Vanadium Compounds; Work; base; chromium deficiency; chromium hexavalent ion; cost; dietary supplements; drinking water; improved; interest; minimally invasive; novel; oxidation; programs; public health relevance; type I and type II diabetes; urologic

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Chromium has been used as low-cost dietary supplements for the treatment of diabetes and its complications. Vanadium compounds also provide various insulin-like effects, and have shown ability to improve glucose metabolic equilibrium and insulin resistance in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. There is a need to develop novel methods for the analysis of the metals in biological fluids to assess chromium deficiency and the effect of chromium and vanadium as adjuvant therapy for diabetes. The frequency of chromium deficiency and effect of chromium and vanadium as adjuvant therapy in the population are unknown in part because reliable measures for assessing their status in humans are limited. Such novel methods are of interest to the National Institutes of Health. The overall goal of the proposed research is to combine a novel pretreatment process for, e.g., blood and urine with metal-selective electrochemical measurements for chromium and vanadium in the biological fluids. This application is based on a novel method explored in Dr. Xue's current R21 project, and it seeks support to develop this method from the largely proof-of-principle work into methods for chromium and vanadium analyses in biological fluids. These methods combine the Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) - a combination of hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet (UV) radiation - and new chemical analyses to: (1) Breakdown biological/organic species to release the metals; (2) Determine the metal concentrations by metal-selective electrochemical methods. An AOP process has been explored to pretreat blood and urine samples, and it led to successful measurements of low-ppb (parts per billion) chromium in blood. The proposed research will develop this novel process into a general, reliable and more efficient method for chromium detection, and expand the method for vanadium analyses. Fundamental chemistry in the AOP reactions and metal-selective analysis will be studied to provide an understanding of the process. The understanding will be used for improving the process. The chemicals used in the process are environmentally benign, and do not generate harmful residuals or by-products. In this R01 application, we plan to develop our largely proof-of-principle work in the current R21 grant into novel methods for Cr and V analyses in biological fluids. AOP pretreatment and the subsequent electrochemical measurement are two integrated steps in the analyses. {The aims of the proposed research are: (1) Develop fast, convenient, and multi-sample AOP pretreatment methods for blood and urine samples; (2) Provide sensitive, easy-to-use electrochemical methods for Cr and V analysis of the AOP-treated samples; (3) Investigate metal-ligand complexes and their interaction with the electrode surface to give a basic understanding needed to optimize the Cr and V analysis.} The new methods are expected to be easier and cheaper to operate than the current techniques for the chemical analyses of these metals in biological fluids. The research results can be applied immediately in the metal analyses in biological fluids, a goal articulated in the NIH program Non-Invasive Methods for Diagnosis and Progression of Diabetes, Kidney, Urological, Hematological and Digestive Diseases (PA Number: PA-07-025). PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE The novel methods proposed here will help determine chromium and vanadium in biological fluids to assess chromium deficiency and the effect of chromium and vanadium as adjuvant therapy for diabetes. The research results can be applied immediately in the analyses of chromium and vanadium in biological fluids, and help their use as dietary supplements for the treatment of diabetes and its complications.

描述(申请人提供)：铬已被用作治疗糖尿病及其并发症的低成本膳食补充剂。钒化合物还提供各种胰岛素样作用，并显示出改善1型和2型糖尿病患者的葡萄糖代谢平衡和胰岛素抵抗的能力。需要开发新的方法来分析生物液中的金属，以评估铬缺乏以及铬和钒作为糖尿病辅助治疗的效果。铬缺乏的频率以及铬和钒作为辅助治疗在人群中的作用尚不清楚，部分原因是评估它们在人类中的状况的可靠措施有限。美国国立卫生研究院对这种新方法很感兴趣。拟议研究的总体目标是将一种新的血液和尿液前处理工艺与生物体液中铬和钒的金属选择电化学测量相结合。这一应用基于薛博士目前的R21项目中探索的一种新方法，并寻求支持将该方法从主要的原理验证工作发展为生物体液中铬和钒的分析方法。这些方法结合了高级氧化过程(AOP)--过氧化氢和紫外线(UV)辐射的组合--和新的化学分析：(1)分解生物/有机物种以释放金属；(2)通过金属选择性电化学方法确定金属浓度。已经探索了一种AOP过程来对血液和尿样进行预处理，并成功地测量了血液中的低ppb(十亿分之一)铬。这项研究将使这一新的方法发展成为一种通用、可靠和高效的铬检测方法，并扩展了钒的分析方法。将学习AOP反应中的基础化学和金属选择分析，以提供对该过程的理解。这一谅解将用于改进这一进程。该过程中使用的化学品对环境无害，不会产生有害的残留物或副产品。在这项R01应用中，我们计划将我们在当前R21拨款中的主要原则证明工作发展为生物体液中铬和钒分析的新方法。AOP的前处理和随后的电化学测量是分析中两个完整的步骤。本研究的目的是：(1)开发快速、方便、多样品的AOP血样和尿样AOP前处理方法；(2)为AOP处理后的样品提供灵敏、易用的电化学方法；(3)研究金属-配体络合物及其与电极表面的相互作用，以提供优化铬和V分析所需的基本了解。}新方法有望比现有的生物体液中这些金属的化学分析方法更容易和更便宜。研究成果可以立即应用于生物体液中的金属分析，这是美国国立卫生研究院糖尿病、肾脏、泌尿外科、血液和消化系统疾病的非侵入性诊断和进展方法计划(PA编号：PA-07-025)中阐明的目标。公共卫生相关性本文提出的新方法将有助于测定生物体液中的铬和钒，以评估铬缺乏以及铬和钒作为糖尿病辅助治疗的效果。研究结果可立即应用于生物液中铬和钒的分析，并有助于将其用作治疗糖尿病及其并发症的膳食补充剂。