Improved Spatial Resolution in Magnetoencephalography with an Optically Pumped Magnetometer Array

使用光泵磁力计阵列提高脑磁图的空间分辨率

• 批准号: 9789869
• 负责人: Peter D. D. Schwindt
• 金额: $ 32万
• 依托单位: SANDIA CORP-SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-06-01 至 2021-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9789869
• 关键词: Acoustic Stimulation; Adult; Affect; Age; Anatomy; Anterior; Area; Attenuated; Auditory; Auditory area; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain Mapping; Brain imaging; Calibration; Child; Clinical; Communication; Cortical Column; Data; Detection; Development; Diagnosis; Discrimination; Early identification; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Frequencies; Functional Imaging; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Head; Helmet; Human; Image; Individual; Institutes; Lead; Longevity; Magnetism; Magnetoencephalography; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Neurons; Noise; Operative Surgical Procedures; Optics; Participant; Patients; Photic Stimulation; Positioning Attribute; Premature Infant; Publications; Pump; Research; Resolution; Scalp structure; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Source; Stimulus; System; Techniques; Temperature; Testing; Time; Variant; Visual; aged; base; brain dysfunction; brain surgery; clinical application; cost; cryogenics; density; design; developmental disease; flexibility; frontal lobe; human imaging; improved; insight; interest; magnetic field; millimeter; millisecond; models and simulation; neuroimaging; novel; novel strategies; pediatric patients; prototype; relating to nervous system; response; sensor; signal processing; somatosensory; source localization; superconducting quantum interference device; temporal measurement; tool

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The goal of this project is to optimize a novel strategy for magnetoencephalography (MEG) neuroimaging to substantially improve resolution and reduce cost. MEG is a non-invasive functional neuroimaging method to map brain activity that is useful for both research, e.g. functional brain mapping and clinical applications, e.g. presurgical epilepsy mapping. Commercial MEG systems using superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetic sensors use fixed helmets with sensor arrays that are designed for a broad range of head sizes. They give suboptimal measurements for most people with smaller heads and especially for children. Because MEG signal amplitude decays as a function of the distance from the neuronal source, a spatial gap of several cm between helmet and head can attenuate the signal by tenfold. Moreover, placing sensors on or near the scalp would enable detection of high spatial frequency variations in the magnetic field, which would further improve spatial resolution in localizing neuronal sources. This project focuses on the use of optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) to improve MEG localization accuracy. OPMs will be constructed as individual sensor modules that enable flexible sensor layout. The long- term objective is to develop a full-head MEG system based on OPMs that can conform to any head size to give the largest possible signal. This could improve spatial resolution to 1 mm, at a cost that is lower than cryogenic MEG. The objective of this project is to develop a 72-channel OPM MEG system that gives partial head coverage, and to demonstrate improved spatial resolution in measuring neighboring neuronal sources in the human brain. The system will be readily reconfigurable to focus the sensor array on an area of interest. The central hypothesis is that an OPM array with sensors that are close to the head, and close to each other, will substantially increase MEG resolution to a level approaching 1 mm. Aim 1 is to expand the current OPM array from 20 to 72 channels and to make the array easy to reconfigure. This novel array will accommodate all head sizes, particularly those of small adults and children. The larger number of sensors will allow the array to be concentrated over two sections of the brain simultaneously. Aim 2 is to develop analysis techniques specific to the reconfigurable array. When the array is repositioned for each new subject, real-time array calibration is required for accurate magnetic source localization and external noise suppression. In addition, source localization will be improved based on simulation models that will optimize the array positioning and improve models of neuronal sources. Aim 3 is to compare source localization precision between the novel OPM MEG array and a commercial SQUID-based MEG array. The arrays will be tested with tasks involving auditory and visual stimulation, to study spatial variation of brain activity due to changing stimulus parameters. Improved signal size and spatial resolution should substantially improve MEG fidelity for people of all head sizes, including premature infants, with broad applications in understanding and treating brain dysfunction.

项目摘要/摘要 该项目的目标是优化一种新的脑磁图(Meg)策略。 神经成像，大幅提高分辨率，降低成本。脑磁图是一种非侵入性功能 一种神经成像方法，用于绘制对两项研究都有用的大脑活动图，例如功能脑图和 临床应用，例如术前癫痫标测。使用超导的商用MEG系统 量子干涉装置(SQUID)磁性传感器使用带有传感器阵列的固定头盔 专为各种尺寸的头部设计。对于大多数人来说，他们给出的测量结果不太理想 头部，尤其是儿童。因为脑磁图信号幅度作为距离的函数而衰减 神经源，即头盔和头部之间几厘米的空间间隙，可以将信号衰减十倍。 此外，将传感器放置在头皮上或靠近头皮将能够检测到高空间频率变化 磁场，这将进一步提高定位神经元来源的空间分辨率。 该项目的重点是使用光泵磁强计(OPM)来改善脑磁图的本地化 精确度。OPM将被构建为独立的传感器模块，从而实现灵活的传感器布局。长的- 学期目标是开发一个基于OPMS的全头部脑磁图系统，可以符合任何头部尺寸给出 最大可能的信号。这可以以低于低温的成本将空间分辨率提高到1毫米。 梅格。该项目的目标是开发一个72通道的OPM脑磁图系统，提供部分头部 覆盖范围，并证明在测量邻近的神经元源方面提高了空间分辨率 人脑。该系统将容易地重新配置，以将传感器阵列聚焦在感兴趣的区域。这个 中心假设是，具有靠近头部且彼此靠近的传感器的OPM阵列将 将MEG分辨率大幅提高到接近1毫米的水平。目标1是扩展当前的OPM阵列 从20到72个通道，并使阵列易于重新配置。这种新颖的阵列可以容纳所有的磁头 尺寸，特别是小成人和儿童的尺寸。较大数量的传感器将允许阵列 同时集中在大脑的两个部分。目标2是开发特定于以下对象的分析技术 可重新配置的阵列。当为每个新对象重新定位阵列时，实时阵列校准 精确的磁源定位和外部噪声抑制所需。此外，来源 将基于模拟模型改进定位，以优化阵列定位并改进 神经元来源的模型。目标3是比较新的OPM MEG和OPM MEG的源定位精度 阵列和基于SQUID的商用MEG阵列。这些阵列将进行测试，任务涉及听觉和 视觉刺激，研究由于刺激参数改变而引起的脑活动的空间变化。改进 信号大小和空间分辨率应该显著提高所有头部大小的人的脑磁图保真度， 包括早产儿，在了解和治疗大脑功能障碍方面有着广泛的应用。

项目成果

A 20-channel magnetoencephalography system based on optically pumped magnetometers.

• DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aa93d1
• 发表时间: 2017-11-10
• 期刊: Physics in medicine and biology
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Borna A;Carter TR;Goldberg JD;Colombo AP;Jau YY;Berry C;McKay J;Stephen J;Weisend M;Schwindt PDD
• 通讯作者: Schwindt PDD

Cross-Axis projection error in optically pumped magnetometers and its implication for magnetoencephalography systems.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118818
• 发表时间: 2022-02-15
• 期刊: NeuroImage
• 影响因子: 5.7
• 作者: Borna A;Iivanainen J;Carter TR;McKay J;Taulu S;Stephen J;Schwindt PDD
• 通讯作者: Schwindt PDD

Multi-sensor magnetoencephalography with atomic magnetometers.

• DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/58/17/6065
• 发表时间: 2013-09-07
• 期刊: Physics in medicine and biology
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Johnson CN;Schwindt PD;Weisend M
• 通讯作者: Weisend M