Information Processing and Mechanisms that Underlie Drug Use and Resilience

药物使用和复原力的信息处理和机制

• 批准号: 10001920
• 负责人: Brenda Curtis
• 金额: $ 43.05万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10001920
• 关键词: Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Attention; Behavior; Brain; Complex; Comprehension; Cues; Decision Making; Development; Dimensions; Drug usage; Esthesia; Goals; Impulsivity; Monitor; Music; Patients; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Population; Predisposition; Process; Rewards; Risk; Role; Stimulus; Substance Use Disorder; System; Testing; Visual Accommodation; Visual attention; attentional bias; craving; digital; digital media; directed attention; effective intervention; experience; information processing; novel; resilience; visual stimulus

Clinicians often encounter a mismatch between patients stated desire to not use substances and to avoid situations that trigger substance use and patients behaviors in everyday lifewhen they are not in a treatment session. In this project, we will assess cue-induced cravings; sensation seeking and impulsivity; and information processing to better define and understand the mechanism of substance use disorders (SUDs) and resilience. Drug cues arrive via many forms of digital media including video, ads, music and print. The ability of these stimuli to interact with the brains reward system and trigger behavior plays a significant role in SUD. Understanding how these digital drug cues interact with the brains reward system to direct attention is of importance in determining the role of cue-induced drug triggers. As digital drug cue exposure is a potentially modifiable environmental variable, better comprehension of drug cue effects on attention is essential in the development of effective interventions. We will investigate attentional biases for drug cues in patients attending SUD treatment and in healthy controls while using naturalistic visual stimuli and continuous monitoring of the focus of visual attention. Sensation-seeking is defined as the desire for and engagement in varied, novel, complex, and arousing sensations and the need to take risks for the sake of such experiences. Impulsivity has been conceptualized as a lack of reflectiveness and planning, rapid decision-making and action, and carelessness. Sensation-seeking and impulsivity are thought to induce activity of the brain reward system and are associated with increases susceptibility of drug use. We will test multiple dimensions of impulsivity and sensation seeking as determinants of substance use in a population of non-treatment seeking substance users.

临床医生经常在患者之间遇到不匹配的愿望，渴望不使用物质，并避免在日常生活中触发药物使用和患者行为的情况。在这个项目中，我们将评估提示引起的渴望；寻求和冲动的感觉；和信息处理，以更好地定义和了解物质使用障碍（SUD）和弹性的机制。 药物提示通过多种形式的数字媒体到达，包括视频，广告，音乐和印刷品。这些刺激与大脑相互作用并触发行为相互作用的能力在SUD中起着重要作用。了解这些数字药物如何与大脑奖励系统相互作用，以指导注意力在确定提示引起的药物触发器的作用方面至关重要。由于数字药物提示暴露是一种潜在可修改的环境变量，因此对注意力提示对注意力的更好理解对于开发有效干预措施至关重要。我们将研究参加SUD治疗和健康对照的患者的药物提示的注意力偏差，同时使用自然主义的视觉刺激以及对视觉注意力的重点进行持续监测。 寻求感觉的定义是对各种，新颖，复杂和引起的感觉的渴望和参与，以及为了这种经验而冒险冒险的需求。冲动性被概念化为缺乏反射性和计划，迅速的决策和行动以及粗心大意。人们认为寻求感觉和冲动性会引起大脑奖励系统的活性，并且与吸毒的易感性增加有关。我们将测试冲动性和感觉的多个维度，作为在非治疗寻求药物使用者种群中使用物质使用的决定因素。