Information Processing and Mechanisms that Underlie Drug Use and Resilience

药物使用和复原力的信息处理和机制

• 批准号: 10001920
• 负责人: Brenda Curtis
• 金额: $ 43.05万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10001920
• 关键词: Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Attention; Behavior; Brain; Complex; Comprehension; Cues; Decision Making; Development; Dimensions; Drug usage; Esthesia; Goals; Impulsivity; Monitor; Music; Patients; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Population; Predisposition; Process; Rewards; Risk; Role; Stimulus; Substance Use Disorder; System; Testing; Visual Accommodation; Visual attention; attentional bias; craving; digital; digital media; directed attention; effective intervention; experience; information processing; novel; resilience; visual stimulus

Clinicians often encounter a mismatch between patients stated desire to not use substances and to avoid situations that trigger substance use and patients behaviors in everyday lifewhen they are not in a treatment session. In this project, we will assess cue-induced cravings; sensation seeking and impulsivity; and information processing to better define and understand the mechanism of substance use disorders (SUDs) and resilience. Drug cues arrive via many forms of digital media including video, ads, music and print. The ability of these stimuli to interact with the brains reward system and trigger behavior plays a significant role in SUD. Understanding how these digital drug cues interact with the brains reward system to direct attention is of importance in determining the role of cue-induced drug triggers. As digital drug cue exposure is a potentially modifiable environmental variable, better comprehension of drug cue effects on attention is essential in the development of effective interventions. We will investigate attentional biases for drug cues in patients attending SUD treatment and in healthy controls while using naturalistic visual stimuli and continuous monitoring of the focus of visual attention. Sensation-seeking is defined as the desire for and engagement in varied, novel, complex, and arousing sensations and the need to take risks for the sake of such experiences. Impulsivity has been conceptualized as a lack of reflectiveness and planning, rapid decision-making and action, and carelessness. Sensation-seeking and impulsivity are thought to induce activity of the brain reward system and are associated with increases susceptibility of drug use. We will test multiple dimensions of impulsivity and sensation seeking as determinants of substance use in a population of non-treatment seeking substance users.

临床医生经常遇到患者表示不使用药物和避免引发药物使用的情况与患者在不接受治疗时日常生活中的行为之间的不匹配。在这个项目中，我们将评估提示引起的渴望；寻求感觉和冲动；和信息处理，以更好地定义和理解物质使用障碍（SUD）和恢复力的机制。 药物线索通过多种形式的数字媒体到达，包括视频、广告、音乐和印刷品。这些刺激与大脑奖励系统相互作用并触发行为的能力在 SUD 中发挥着重要作用。了解这些数字药物线索如何与大脑奖励系统相互作用以引导注意力对于确定线索诱导的药物触发因素的作用非常重要。由于数字药物线索暴露是一个潜在可改变的环境变量，因此更好地理解药物线索对注意力的影响对于制定有效的干预措施至关重要。我们将在使用自然视觉刺激和持续监测视觉注意力焦点的同时，研究接受 SUD 治疗的患者和健康对照者对药物线索的注意力偏差。 感觉寻求被定义为对各种、新颖、复杂和令人兴奋的感觉的渴望和参与，以及为了这种体验而冒险的需要。冲动被定义为缺乏反思和计划、快速决策和行动以及粗心大意。寻求感觉和冲动被认为会诱发大脑奖励系统的活动，并与药物使用的敏感性增加有关。我们将测试冲动和感觉寻求的多个维度，作为非治疗寻求药物使用者人群中药物使用的决定因素。