Effects of Multi-axial Whole Body Vibrations on Postural Stability

多轴全身振动对姿势稳定性的影响

• 批准号: 10006491
• 负责人: Jeong Ho Kim
• 金额: $ 14.67万
• 依托单位: OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-15 至 2021-09-14
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10006491
• 关键词: Effects; Multi; axial; Whole; Body

Abstract Professional heavy equipment vehicle operators suffer from a high prevalence of occupational injuries and illnesses. Among all injuries, fall-related injuries during vehicle ingress and egress have accounted for a large proportion of both fatal and non-fatal injuries in the US. The rate of these fall-related injuries has been much higher (up to 8 times) during egress as compared to ingress of vehicles. A likely cause for the disproportionally high fall-related injury rates during egress is a loss of postural stability. Prolonged exposure to Whole Body Vibration (WBV) compromises postural stability and thereby can increase the risks of falling. Off- road heavy equipment vehicle operators are particularly at a greater risk, because they are exposed to a higher level of WBV as compared to on-road vehicle operators. Furthermore, the predominant WBV exposure axis in off-road heavy equipment vehicles is not necessarily limited to the vertical (z-axis), but can often include significant fore-aft (x-axis) and/or lateral (y-axis) components. The nature of the additional impact of multi-axial WBV exposure on postural stability is poorly understood at present. Moreover, there is a lack of scientific studies to evaluate effective engineering interventions to mitigate multi-axial exposures during vehicle operation. We propose a repeated-measures laboratory study to identify the relative impacts of single- and multi- axial WBV exposure on postural stability, and to determine the effectiveness of a newly-invented innovative engineering control to mitigate multi-axial WBV exposure and associated postural instability. WBV exposures will be simulated in the laboratory by replicating actual field-measured vibration profiles from off-road heavy equipment vehicles on a motion platform. To determine whether multi-axial WBV exposure will have a greater impact on postural stability compared to vertical-dominant WBV, we will assess functional limits of stability, postural stability in standing balance, and anticipatory postural adjustments preceding functional tasks such as level gait and stair descent. We will also test whether the use of a multi-axial suspension seat will alleviate the adverse effects of multi-axial WBV on postural stability measures more effectively than a single-axial passive suspension seat. Results of this project can support future efforts to reduce the risks of fall-related injuries and therefore improve the occupational health and well-being for off-road vehicle operators. This project supports the NIOSH National Occupational Research Agenda, especially for the transportation and mining sectors, and the Musculoskeletal Health Research Priorities (NOT-OH-16-012), by clearly delineating the relative impacts of single- and multi-axial WBV exposures on postural stability among off-road vehicle operators, providing the neurophysiological underpinnings relating the type and extent of WBV with the risk of fall-related injuries, and by evaluating innovative engineering controls that may effectively reduce exposure to multi-axial WBV.

摘要 专业重型设备车辆操作员遭受职业伤害的高患病率 和疾病。在所有的伤害中，车辆进出时与跌倒有关的伤害占 在美国，致命和非致命伤害的比例很大。这些与跌倒相关的伤害发生率一直是 与车辆进入相比，在出口期间高得多（高达8倍）。一个可能的原因， 在撤离过程中，由于姿势稳定性的丧失，跌倒相关的伤害发生率非常高。长时间暴露于 全身振动（WBV）会损害姿势稳定性，从而增加跌倒的风险。关- 道路重型设备车辆操作员尤其面临更大的风险，因为他们暴露在更高的环境中， 与道路车辆运营商相比的WBV水平。此外，主要的WBV暴露轴， 越野重型设备车辆不一定限于垂直（z轴），但通常可以包括 显著的前后（x轴）和/或横向（y轴）分量。多轴附加影响的性质 目前对WBV暴露对姿势稳定性的影响了解甚少。此外，缺乏科学研究， 评估有效的工程干预措施，以减轻车辆运行期间的多轴暴露。 我们提出了一个重复测量的实验室研究，以确定单一和多个的相对影响， 轴向WBV暴露对姿势稳定性的影响，并确定新发明的创新 工程控制，以减轻多轴WBV暴露和相关的姿势不稳定。WBV暴露 将在实验室中通过复制实际现场测量的越野重型 在运动平台上装备车辆。为了确定多轴WBV暴露是否具有更大的 与垂直优势WBV相比，对姿势稳定性的影响，我们将评估稳定性的功能极限， 站立平衡中的姿势稳定性，以及功能性任务之前的预期姿势调整，例如 水平步态和下楼梯。我们还将测试使用多轴悬挂座椅是否会减轻 多轴WBV对姿势稳定性措施的不利影响比单轴被动 悬浮座椅该项目的结果可以支持未来减少跌倒相关伤害风险的努力， 从而改善越野车驾驶员的职业健康和福利。该项目支持 NIOSH国家职业研究议程，特别是运输和采矿部门，以及 肌肉骨骼健康研究优先事项（NOT-OH-16-012），通过明确描述 单轴和多轴WBV暴露对越野车驾驶员姿势稳定性的影响， 将WBV的类型和程度与跌倒相关损伤风险相关的神经生理学基础，以及 评估创新的工程控制，可以有效地减少暴露于多轴WBV。