Trends, Predictors, and Consequences of Child Undernutrition

儿童营养不良的趋势、预测因素和后果

• 批准号: 10007642
• 负责人: Apurv Soni
• 金额: $ 3.85万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-22 至 2021-06-06
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10007642
• 关键词: 5 year old; Academic achievement; Accounting; Address; Advocacy; African; Age; Anthropology; Area; Caring; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Child; Child Care; Child Development; Child Health; Child Malnutrition; Child Mortality; Clinical; Communities; Community Healthcare; Complex; Country; Data; Data Set; Data Sources; Decision Making; Development; Dietary intake; Disease; Economics; Environmental Risk Factor; Expenditure; Female; Food; Foundations; Funding; Gender; Goals; Government; Growth; Health; Health Status; Healthcare; Heterogeneity; High Prevalence; Household; Human Development; Hygiene; Impairment; India; Individual; Infrastructure; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Life Expectancy; Malnutrition; Maternal Mortality; Mentorship; Methodology; Methods; Mission; Morbidity - disease rate; Mothers; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Newborn Infant; Nutritional; Observational Study; Outcome; Physicians; Policies; Positioning Attribute; Pregnant Women; Prevalence; Productivity; Publishing; Quality of life; Research; Research Proposals; Resources; Role; Rural Health; Sanitation; Scientist; Series; Services; Surveys; Techniques; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Water; aged; base; career; clinical practice; community based participatory research; evidence base; experience; health disparity; improved; intervention program; low and middle-income countries; model building; multilevel analysis; population health; preadolescence; programs; social culture; spatiotemporal; trend

RR-7: ABSTRACT One out of every three children under the age of five in India are undernourished (48 million). To address this crisis, Indian government established a National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) program in 2005, which improved healthcare and nutritional services. Unfortunately, this efforts which spanned from 2005 to 2012 have yielded minimal improvement. Persistent child undernutrition limits growth, productivity, quality of life, and life expectancy of Indians. In other words, Indian children are unable to realize their full potential due to undernutrition. Our current understanding of child undernutrition in India is 1) outdated because most of the analyses uses data from 2005, before the implementation of NRHM program, 2) contradictory because investigations of predictors of child undernutrition in India with improper methodologies has produced inconsistent findings despite using the same data source), and 3) lacking because no national level study has assessed the consequences of child undernutrition. Therefore, this study will apply advanced geospatial and multilevel methods on publicly available nationally representative data from NICHD-funded India Human Development Survey (IHDS) series to fill these critical knowledge-gaps. The first of the two IHDS surveys was conducted in 2005 (IHDS-I) before the implementation of NRHM and surveyed 24,314 children aged five or less from 41,554 households. IHDS-II was conducted in 2012 and surveyed 42,152 households, including 34,621 that were surveyed in 2005, and collected information on 20,810 children under the age of five and 26,559 pre-adolescents. We will use this unique data source, the largest panel dataset on child undernutrition in India to investigate: Aim 1) the trends of child undernutrition in India from 2005 to 2012 in relation to NRHM, Aim 2) individual, household, and community level predictors of child undernutrition, and Aim 3) consequences of undernutrition in the first five years of life on development during pre-adolescent (8-11) years within the Indian socio-cultural context. Our investigation will define the heterogeneity in the burden of child undernutrition and its association with a variety of predictors across different regions of India. Moreover, it will elucidate the magnitude of its consequences on child development within the Indian context. Thus, this study will establish a foundation for addressing this humanitarian and economic crisis by identifying effective entry points for existing intervention. This proposal will also position me to take the next step towards my career goal of reducing health disparities among children through clinical practice in underserved regions, community-based research, and evidence-based advocacy. To accomplish the study aims and prepare me for my career, this research proposal is paired with a carefully curated training plan that includes specific graduate-level courses and individualized mentorship experiences with a team of technical and content experts.

RR-7：摘要 印度五岁以下儿童中有三分之一（4800 万）营养不良。致地址 为应对这场危机，印度政府于 2005 年制定了国家农村卫生使命 (NRHM) 计划， 改善医疗保健和营养服务。不幸的是，从 2005 年到 2012 年的这些努力并没有取得进展。 取得了最小的改善。持续的儿童营养不良限制了生长、生产力、生活质量和生活 印度人的期望。换句话说，印度儿童无法充分发挥自己的潜力，因为 营养不良。 我们目前对印度儿童营养不良的理解 1) 已经过时，因为大多数分析 使用 2005 年 NRHM 计划实施之前的数据，2) 矛盾，因为调查 尽管方法不当，但印度儿童营养不良的预测指标却得出了不一致的结果 使用相同的数据源），3）缺乏，因为没有国家级研究评估其后果 儿童营养不良。 因此，本研究将在公开可用的数据上应用先进的地理空间和多层次方法 来自 NICHD 资助的印度人类发展调查 (IHDS) 系列的全国代表性数据来填补这些 关键的知识差距。两次 IHDS 调查中的第一次 (IHDS-I) 于 2005 年进行，之前 NRHM 的实施，对 41,554 个家庭的 24,314 名 5 岁及以下儿童进行了调查。 IHDS-II 是 2012 年进行了 42,152 户家庭调查，其中 2005 年调查了 34,621 户，收集了 有关 20,810 名五岁以下儿童和 26,559 名青春期前儿童的信息。我们将使用这个独特的数据 来源，印度最大的儿童营养不良面板数据集，旨在调查：目标 1) 儿童营养不良的趋势 2005 年至 2012 年印度营养不良状况与 NRHM、目标 2) 个人、家庭和社区的关系 儿童营养不良的水平预测因素，以及目标 3) 生命最初五年营养不良的后果 关于印度社会文化背景下青春期前（8-11）岁的发展。 我们的调查将确定儿童营养不良负担的异质性及其与营养不良的关系 印度不同地区的预测因素多种多样。此外，它将阐明其影响的严重程度。 对印度背景下儿童发展的影响。因此，本研究将为 通过确定现有干预措施的有效切入点来应对这一人道主义和经济危机。 该提案还将使我能够朝着减少健康差距的职业目标迈出下一步 通过在服务欠缺地区的临床实践、基于社区的研究以及 基于证据的倡导。为了实现研究目标并为我的职业生涯做好准备，本研究计划 搭配精心策划的培训计划，其中包括特定的研究生水平课程和个性化培训 技术和内容专家团队的指导经验。

项目成果

Early childhood undernutrition, preadolescent physical growth, and cognitive achievement in India: A population-based cohort study.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003838
• 发表时间: 2021-10
• 期刊: PLoS medicine
• 影响因子: 15.8
• 作者: Soni A;Fahey N;Bhutta ZA;Li W;Frazier JA;Moore Simas T;Nimbalkar SM;Allison JJ
• 通讯作者: Allison JJ

Accuracy and Usability of a Novel Algorithm for Detection of Irregular Pulse Using a Smartwatch Among Older Adults: Observational Study.

• DOI: 10.2196/13850
• 发表时间: 2019-05-15
• 期刊: JMIR cardio
• 作者: Ding, Eric Y;Han, Dong;McManus, David D
• 通讯作者: McManus, David D

Association between health system specialty pharmacy use and health care costs among national sample of Medicare Advantage beneficiaries.

医疗保险优惠受益人全国样本中卫生系统专业药房使用与医疗保健费用之间的关联。

• DOI: 10.18553/jmcp.2022.28.2.244
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy
• 影响因子: 2.1
• 作者: Hellems,SarahS;Soni,Apurv;Fasching,Dale;Smith,BrianS;McManus,DaveD
• 通讯作者: McManus,DaveD

Study protocol for Smartphone Monitoring for Atrial fibrillation in Real-Time in India (SMART-India): a community-based screening and referral programme.

• DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017668
• 发表时间: 2017-12-14
• 期刊: BMJ open
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Soni A;Karna S;Patel H;Fahey N;Raithatha S;Handorf A;Bostrom J;Bashar S;Talati K;Shah R;Goldberg RJ;Thanvi S;Phatak AG;Allison JJ;Chon K;Nimbalkar SM;McManus DD
• 通讯作者: McManus DD

Association of trends in child undernutrition and implementation of the National Rural Health Mission in India: A nationally representative serial cross-sectional study on data from 1992 to 2015.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003957
• 发表时间: 2022-04
• 期刊: PLOS MEDICINE
• 影响因子: 15.8
• 作者: Soni, Apurv;Fahey, Nisha;Bhutta, Zulfiqar;Li, Wenjun;Moore Simas, Tiffany;Nimbalkar, Somashekhar;Allison, Jeroan
• 通讯作者: Allison, Jeroan