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Multisensory Pathways and Plasticity Following Partial and Full Vision Loss

部分和全部视力丧失后的多感觉通路和可塑性

基本信息

批准号：
10034974
负责人：
SHINSUKE SHIMOJO
金额：
$ 42.31万
依托单位：
CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-09-01 至 2024-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10034974
关键词：
Address Advanced Development Affect Age related macular degeneration Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Auditory Auditory Perception Auditory area Behavioral Blindness Brain Characteristics Degenerative Disorder Depth Perception Development Devices Environment Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Goals Human Illusions Image Imagination Individual Intuition Island Knowledge Lead Light Location Maps Measures Modality Motion Ocular Prosthesis Oryctolagus cuniculus Participant Pathway interactions Pattern Perception Performance Peripheral Play Process Prosthesis Prosthetic rehabilitation Protocols documentation Psychophysics Rehabilitation therapy Research Residual state Retina Retinitis Pigmentosa Role Scotoma Sensory Sensory Aids Solid Space Perception Speech Stimulus Tactile Theoretical model Training Vision Visual Visual Cortex Visual Fields Visual Illusions Visual Perception Visual impairment Visually Impaired Persons auditory processing auditory stimulus base behavioral response blind experience experimental study fovea centralis insight mental imagery multimodality multisensory neural correlate neuroimaging neuromechanism next generation rehabilitation paradigm relating to nervous system restoration retinal prosthesis sensory cortex sensory prosthesis sound tool visual imagery visual processing visual stimulus

项目摘要

Project Summary The visual cortex is known to change its functional map and connectivity with other cortical regions following partial or full vision loss, including signiﬁcant repurposing among the other senses such as audition. What is unclear is whether such crossmodal incursion alters the multimodal pathways and multisensory integration of the various senses. Also, it is not yet known under what vision loss conditions (such as central vision loss with Age-Related Macular Degeneration, peripheral vision loss with Retinitis Pigmentosa, or full vision loss due to numerous causes) multisensory integration is facilitated (or suppressed), and whether these changes vary with retinal location. Such knowledge is critical to develop a more complete theoretical model of multisensory integration; to better evaluate potential for rehabilitation in those with vision loss; to provide a solid basis for the development of advanced retinal prostheses, sensory aids, and sensory substitution devices; and to develop optimal multisensory training and rehabilitation paradigms following visual restoration. To this end, we propose to determine the spatial and temporal characteristics of auditory-visual (A-V) integration in individuals with low vision (Speciﬁc Aim 1). More speciﬁcally, we will use a set of auditory-visual illusions as a psychophysical tool to determine the degree of A-V integration in various retinal locations as a function of both eccentricity from the fovea and proximity to regions of visual loss. We also propose to examine the viability of visual processing and crossmodal integration in those with low vision and the late blind by employing both A-V illusions and mental imagery (Speciﬁc Aim 2). We will determine whether multisensory integration from imagined visual stimuli can integrate with real auditory stimuli in the late blind to change the perceived location of auditory stimuli, including auditory spatial perception in the horizontal plane and in depth. The results from these two aims will provide an assessment of the key characteristics of auditory-visual interactions in the blind and those with low vision, and will identify differences in these multisensory interactions that are speciﬁc to the cause of vision loss. We also plan to identify the neural correlates of such crossmodal interactions and integrations using fMRI imaging (Speciﬁc Aim 3). We will examine key differences in visual cortical activity, as well as the connectivity patterns among auditory, visual, and multisensory cortices, by comparing low vision and late blind participants with sighted controls. A comprehensive understanding of the multisensory processing capabilities of low vision and late blind individuals will provide crucial insights into the consequences of functional reorganization in the human brain, and will also pave the way for advanced multisensory aids, visual prostheses, and rehabilitation protocols.

项目总结