The Effects of Cognitive Map Building on the Development of Alzheimer's Disease

认知地图构建对阿尔茨海默病发展的影响

• 批准号: 10062274
• 负责人: Kristen M. Kennedy
• 金额: $ 22.95万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS DALLAS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-15 至 2022-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10062274
• 关键词: Adult; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease pathology; Alzheimer' s disease patient; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Alzheimer' s disease risk; Amyloid beta-Protein; Anterior; Attention; Awareness; Behavior; Brain; Cells; Cities; Clinical Trials; Code; Cognition; Cognitive; Commuting; Complex; Data; Data Set; Databases; Dependence; Development; Devices; Digit structure; Disease Progression; Disorientation; Dorsal; Environment; Etiology; Exercise; Exhibits; Failure; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Future; Geographic Locations; Geography; Grain; Health and Retirement Study; Hippocampal Formation; Hippocampus (Brain); Human; Impairment; Individual; Information Retrieval; Knowledge; Lead; Light; Link; Location; London; Maps; Medial; Medical Care Costs; Memory Loss; Motion; Navigation System; Neighborhoods; Nerve Degeneration; Neurofibrillary Tangles; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Occupations; Onset of illness; Parietal Lobe; Participant; Pathology; Patients; Pattern; Periodicity; Persons; Police officer; Population; Positron-Emission Tomography; Property; Psyche structure; Rattus; Research; Resources; Retrieval; Role; Route; Signal Transduction; Structure; Symptoms; System; Technology; Testing; Training; Travel; base; behavioral study; drug development; entorhinal cortex; experience; experimental study; first responder; gray matter; health data; healthy aging; mild cognitive impairment; neuron loss; neuropathology; preservation; relating to nervous system; residence; response; role model; rural area; rural dwellers; tau Proteins; way finding

PROJECT SUMMARY Can regular mental exercises in building cognitive maps delay the onset of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or decelerate the progression of AD? The neuropathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) begins in the entorhinal cortex, leading to spatial navigation impairment that differentiates patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD from healthy aging adults. Specifically, MCI and AD patients suffer declining abilities to allocentric navigation that requires developing a cognitive map (aka mental map) as an internal representation of the environment with places and features independent of one’s current location or orientation. A system of spatial cells in the hippocampal formation subserves cognitive map building with the spatial periodicity of grid- cell firing fields to form the brain’s metric coordinate system for allocentric navigation. Studies showed that grid cells could gradually lose their spatial periodicity during periods of reduced theta oscillations and hippocampal inactivation. Will mental exercises in building cognitive maps excite theta oscillations and hippocampal activation and strengthen spatial periodicity of grid-cell firing fields? Findings of structural brain changes in London taxi drivers and spatial information retrieval support the potential of such excitatory effects. Further, less is known about the role of the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) in the storage and retrieval of cognitive maps, and how this region changes with AD. The proposed study hypothesizes that regular mental exercises on cognitive map building can evoke such excitatory effects to delay AD onset and decelerate AD progression. In this exploratory proposal, we venture into the links amongst geographic environments, allocentric navigation, cognitive maps, and AD development: a more complex environment imposes a higher demand on cognitive maps to navigate even on daily commutes and routine errands, and frequent mental exercises of building and retrieving cognitive maps lead to preservation of spatial cognition relevant gray matter regions and consequently impede AD development. We will use data from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) and US-based Health and Retirement Study (HRS), respectively (1) to compare MCI/AD populations in geographic areas with varying degrees of environmental complexity and (2) to investigate MCI/AD populations with occupations of high dependency on cognitive maps, such as realtors, police officers, first responders, and the other occupations. The NACC databases contain participant’s 3-digit zip-codes and types of residence which will allow MCI/AD mapping to potential neighborhoods across the US, whereas HRS restricted data include occupation data and cross-wave geographic information at street-level. Findings from the exploratory project will support subsequent experimental research to model the role of gray matter volume, refine the research framework of the excitatory effects of environment complexity and cognitive mapping to MCI/AD development, and examine the potential MCI/AD detriments of GPS-enabled navigation devices.

项目摘要 建立认知图的定期心理练习是否会延迟阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）或 减速AD的进展？阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）的神经病理学始于内河 皮层，导致空间导航障碍，使患者有轻度认知障碍患者 （MCI）和来自健康衰老的成年人的广告。具体而言，MCI和AD患者的能力下降 需要开发认知地图（又称心理图）作为内部表示形式的同类导航 环境的位置和特征，独立于当前的位置或方向。一个系统 海马形成中的空间细胞通过网格的空间周期性构建认知图。 细胞射击场形成大脑的度量坐标系，用于同类导航。研究表明 网格细胞可能在减少的theta振荡期间逐渐失去其空间周期性 海马灭活。构建认知地图时的心理练习会激发theta振荡和 海马激活和加强网格电池射击场的空间周期性？结构大脑的发现 伦敦出租车司机的变化和空间信息检索支持这种兴奋的潜力 效果。此外，对后顶壁皮层（PPC）在存储和检索中的作用知之甚少 认知图，以及该区域如何随着AD而变化。 拟议的研究假设，认知地图上的定期心理练习可以唤起 这种兴奋作用延迟了AD发作和减速AD的进展。在这个探索性建议中，我们 冒险进入地理环境，中心导航，认知图和AD之间的链接 开发：更复杂的环境对认知图的需求也更高，即使在 每日提交和常规错误，以及经常进行构建和检索认知图的心理练习 导致保存空间认知相关的灰质区域，从而阻碍广告 发展。我们将使用来自国家阿尔茨海默氏症协调中心（NACC）和美国的数据 健康与退休研究（HRS）分别（1）比较地理区域的MCI/AD人群 不同程度的环境复杂性和（2）调查MCI/AD人群的职业 对认知图的高度依赖，例如房地产经纪人，警察，急救人员以及其他 职业。 NACC数据库包含参与者的3位邮政编码和居住类型 允许MCI/AD映射到美国的潜在社区，而HRS受限数据包括 街道级别的占用数据和跨波浪地理信息。探索项目的发现 将支持随后的实验研究，以模拟灰质体积的作用，完善研究 环境复杂性和认知映射到MCI/AD开发的兴奋效果的框架， 并检查支持GPS的导航设备的潜在MCI/AD损失。