Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Marine Fish and Shellfish: A biomonitoring tool for PFAS remediation and a metric for potential human exposure through seafood consumption

海洋鱼类和贝类中的全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS)：PFAS 修复的生物监测工具以及人类通过海鲜消费潜在接触的指标

• 批准号: 10064160
• 负责人: Celia Y Chen
• 金额: $ 24.6万
• 依托单位: DARTMOUTH COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-11 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10064160
• 关键词: Acids; Address; Adverse effects; Affect; Air; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Animals; Archives; Beds; Biological Monitoring; Bivalvia; Blood; Carbon ion; Child; Cholesterol; Collaborations; Communities; Consumption; Data; Development; Diet; Ecosystem; Effectiveness; Endocrine Disruptors; Environment; Environmental Pollution; Epidemiologist; Exposure to; Film; Fisheries; Fishes; Fresh Water; Future; Habits; Harvest; Health; Health Policy; Human; Individual; Ingestion; Intervention; Investigation; Ion Exchange Resins; Knowledge; Liver; Maine; Measurement; Military Personnel; Monitor; New England; New Hampshire; Outcome; Pattern; Policies; Poly-fluoroalkyl substances; Population; Pregnant Women; Public Health; Pump; Regulation; Research; Research Project Grants; Risk; Risk Assessment; Role; Sampling; Scientist; Seafood; Services; Shellfish; Site; Soil; Source; Stream; Sulfonic Acids; Surface; Surveys; System; Thyroid Gland; Time; Tissue Sample; Tissues; Toxic effect; Training Activity; United States; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Water; Water Supply; Water consumption; aqueous; base; bioaccumulation; cancer risk; college; contaminated drinking water; contaminated water; drinking water; effectiveness evaluation; epidemiology study; exposed human population; exposure pathway; exposure route; ground water; perfluorohexane; perfluorooctane; perfluorooctanoic acid; prevent; public health priorities; remediation; tool

PROJECT SUMMARY With concerns about human exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) on the rise, regional data about PFASs in various environmental media are needed to inform enforceable and protective standards for common routes of exposure, including seafood consumption. PFASs are persistent environmental contaminants of particular concern for vulnerable and sensitive populations, including children and pregnant women. Four PFASs are commonly detected in blood from United States (US) residents: perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS). Animal and epidemiologic studies support a role for PFAS effects on the thyroid, liver, cholesterol, and even cancer risk. Human exposure to PFASs occurs primarily through ingestion, notably via PFAS contaminated drinking water and diet. These contaminants pose a regional as well as national threat to surface water and drinking water supplies with detections occurring in 49 states. PFASs in fish and shellfish, particularly in freshwater ecosystems, are recognized as an important dietary source of exposure, but data regarding exposures from marine sourced seafood are limited, hindering the development of health protective standards. In the northeastern United States (US), where an abundance of PFAS contamination sites have been identified and seafood consumption rates tend to be high relative to other regions of the US, marine species comprise a considerable share of the market. In New Hampshire (NH), the PFAS landscape is rapidly evolving with implementation of regulatory limits on drinking water supplies, investigation and remediation efforts at affected sites, and ongoing efforts to monitor exposed communities. As regulations of PFAS use evolve and remediation commences at contaminated sites, seafood monitoring will be integral to evaluating effectiveness of policies and remediation activities. There is an urgent need to collect human exposure data in order to provide critical information to understand the PFAS exposure-health outcome relationship. The proposed research encompasses both measurements of PFASs in regionally sourced, commonly consumed marine seafood species, and an assessment of local seafood consumption habits to help meet this need. The research will be conducted by a highly interdisciplinary team of scientists (marine biologists, epidemiologists, toxicologists, environmental chemists) involving a collaboration between the NH Department of Environmental Services and Dartmouth College. The project will leverage a unique archive of existing fish and shellfish tissue samples harvested throughout the Gulf of Maine (GOM), as well as new samples collected in Great Bay (GB) adjacent to a PFAS contamination site at the Pease Air Force Base. Furthermore, the proposed research will take advantage of the start of active PFAS remediation at the Pease Air Force Base to evaluate remedial effectiveness based on PFAS concentrations in the neighboring GB. The research project is proposed to provide time critical data to support timely action to protect public health in the GOM region.

项目概要 随着人们对人类接触全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 的担忧不断增加，区域性 需要有关各种环境介质中 PFAS 的数据来制定可执行的保护标准 常见的暴露途径，包括海鲜消费。 PFAS 对环境具有持久性 弱势和敏感人群（包括儿童和孕妇）特别关注的污染物 女性。美国 (US) 居民的血液中通常检测到四种 PFAS： 全氟辛酸 酸 (PFOA)、全氟辛烷磺酸 (PFOS)、全氟壬酸 (PFNA) 和全氟己烷 磺酸（PFHxS）。动物和流行病学研究支持 PFAS 对甲状腺、肝脏、 胆固醇，甚至癌症风险。人类接触 PFAS 主要是通过摄入，特别是通过 PFAS 污染了饮用水和饮食。这些污染物对区域和国家构成威胁 在 49 个州检测到地表水和饮用水供应。鱼类和贝类中的 PFAS， 特别是在淡水生态系统中，被认为是重要的饮食接触源，但数据 关于来自海洋的海鲜的暴露是有限的，阻碍了健康保护措施的发展 标准。在美国东北部，存在大量 PFAS 污染点 已确定，与美国其他地区相比，海鲜消费率往往较高，海洋 品种占据了相当大的市场份额。在新罕布什尔州 (NH)，PFAS 的情况正在迅速发展 随着饮用水供应监管限制的实施、调查和补救而不断发展 在受影响地点所做的努力，以及持续努力监测受影响的社区。作为 PFAS 使用规定 污染地点的演变和修复工作开始，海鲜监测将成为评估的组成部分 政策和补救活动的有效性。迫切需要收集人类暴露数据 以便提供关键信息来了解 PFAS 暴露与健康结果的关系。这 拟议的研究包括对区域采购、普遍消费的 PFAS 进行测量 海洋海鲜品种，并对当地海鲜消费习惯进行评估，以帮助满足这一需求。这 研究将由高度跨学科的科学家团队（海洋生物学家、流行病学家、 毒理学家、环境化学家）涉及新罕布什尔州环境部之间的合作 服务和达特茅斯学院。该项目将利用现有鱼类和贝类组织的独特档案 在缅因湾 (GOM) 采集的样本以及在大湾 (GB) 采集的新样本 毗邻皮斯空军基地的 PFAS 污染点。此外，拟议的研究将 利用皮斯空军基地主动 PFAS 补救措施的启动来评估补救措施 有效性基于邻近 GB 中的 PFAS 浓度。该研究项目建议 提供时间关键的数据，以支持及时采取行动，保护 GOM 地区的公共卫生。