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Brain Mechanisms of Overeating in Children

儿童暴饮暴食的大脑机制

基本信息

批准号：
10112896
负责人：
KATHLEEN L KELLER
金额：
$ 40.28万
依托单位：
PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-01-05 至 2022-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10112896
关键词：
10 year old 8 year old Area Behavioral Body fat Body mass index Body measure procedure Brain Brain region Child Cues Data Decision Making Desire for food Development Disease Eating Eating Behavior Energy Intake Environment Family Food Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Hyperphagia Intake Judgment Laboratories Linear Models Link Longitudinal Studies Measures Modeling Neurobiology Obesity Parents Pathway interactions Phenotype Pilot Projects Prevention program Prevention strategy Process Prospective Studies Public Health Research Rewards Risk Satiation Techniques Testing Time Visit Visual Weight Weight Gain base behavioral response critical period design dietary approach energy density excessive weight gain follow-up health goals healthy weight high risk innovation insight neurobiological mechanism neuroimaging novel obesity development obesity prevention obesity risk obesity treatment preadolescence predicting response prevent prospective public health priorities recruit response reward processing trait

项目摘要

Reducing intake from large portions is of critical importance to preventing obesity. People consistently eat more when they are served larger portions, a phenomenon known as the portion size effect. The mechanisms of the portion size effect are not well understood, and investigating the underlying neurobiology that drives this phenomenon may inform the development of more effective obesity prevention programs. The proposed research will follow healthy weight children who vary by family risk for obesity to identify the neurobiological and appetitive traits that are implicated in overeating and weight gain during the critical pre-adolescent period. Our central hypothesis is that increased intake from large portions of energy dense foods is due in part to reduced activity in brain regions implicated in inhibitory control and decision making, combined with increased activity in reward processing pathways. To test this hypothesis, we will recruit 120, 7-8 year-old healthy weight children at two levels of obesity risk (i.e., 60 high-risk and 60 low-risk) based on parent weight status. In aim one, we will use functional magnetic resonance imaging to characterize the brain regions that are activated in response to food portion size and compare these regions between high and low-risk children. Second, we will determine the relationship between brain response to visual portion size cues and measured food intake when portions are increased in the laboratory. Third, we will determine the relationship between brain response to large portions and other validated measures of overeating, including satiety responsiveness and tendency to eat when not hungry. Fourth, we will conduct follow-up visits one year after baseline to determine the extent to which baseline brain and behavioral responses to portion size predict gains in adiposity. The primary innovations offered by this proposal are the use of both prospective and family-risk designs which may provide insight into the causal pathway linking portion size response to weight gain during the vulnerable pre-adolescent period. Second, we will use a “brain-as-predictor” framework to study the neurobiological mechanisms of the portion size effect and its relationship to obesity. Finally, we will employ sophisticated statistical techniques that will allow us to develop more generalizable models that include both brain and behavioral data to predict increases in body fat over time. We expect these results to confirm the hypothesis that reduced function of brain inhibitory pathways and increased activity in brain reward pathways in response to portion size cues contributes to excess intake with large portions and greater weight gain over time, particularly in children who have higher risk for obesity. The proposed studies will characterize the relationship between brain response to portion size and eating behavior and will allow us to determine whether brain and behavioral responses predict body fat gain during pre-adolescence. These studies will contribute essential information to our understanding of the pathways implicated in overeating and obesity and will facilitate the characterization of “at risk” phenotypes that can be targeted by prevention programs.

减少大份量食物的摄入对预防肥胖至关重要。当人们得到更大的份量时，他们总是吃得更多，这种现象被称为份量效应。份量效应的机制尚不清楚，调查驱动这一现象的潜在神经生物学可能会为更有效的肥胖预防计划的发展提供信息。这项拟议中的研究将跟踪健康体重的儿童，这些儿童因家庭肥胖风险而异，以确定青春期前关键时期暴饮暴食和体重增加所涉及的神经生物学和食欲特征。我们的中心假设是，从大量能量密集食物中摄入的增加部分是由于大脑中涉及抑制控制和决策的区域的活动减少，同时奖励处理通路的活动增加。为了验证这一假设，我们将招募120名7-8岁的健康体重儿童，根据父母的体重状况，他们有两个肥胖风险水平（即60个高风险和60个低风险）。在第一个目标中，我们将使用功能性磁共振成像来描述大脑中因食物份量大小而被激活的区域，并将这些区域在高风险儿童和低风险儿童之间进行比较。其次，我们将在实验室中确定当份量增加时，大脑对视觉份量线索的反应与测量的食物摄入量之间的关系。第三，我们将确定大脑对大份量的反应与其他有效的暴饮暴食措施之间的关系，包括饱腹感反应和不饿时吃东西的倾向。第四，我们将在基线后一年进行随访，以确定基线大脑和行为对食物份量的反应在多大程度上预测肥胖的增加。该建议的主要创新是使用前瞻性和家庭风险设计，这可能为在青春期前脆弱时期将份量反应与体重增加联系起来的因果途径提供见解。其次，我们将使用“大脑预测器”框架来研究份量效应的神经生物学机制及其与肥胖的关系。最后，我们将采用复杂的统计技术，这将使我们能够开发更通用的模型，包括大脑和行为数据，以预测随着时间的推移体脂的增加。我们希望这些结果能够证实这样的假设，即大脑抑制通路功能的降低和大脑奖励通路活动的增加是对份量提示的反应，导致过量摄入大量食物，随着时间的推移，体重会增加，特别是在肥胖风险较高的儿童中。拟议的研究将描述大脑对食物份量的反应和饮食行为之间的关系，并使我们能够确定大脑和行为反应是否能预测青春期前身体脂肪的增加。这些研究将为我们理解暴饮暴食和肥胖的相关途径提供重要信息，并将促进“危险”表型的表征，从而可以通过预防计划来针对这些表型。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（14）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Development and preliminary testing of a technology-enhanced intervention to improve energy intake regulation in children.

DOI：
10.1016/j.appet.2020.104830
发表时间：
2020-12-01
期刊：
APPETITE
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Reigh, Nicole A.;Rolls, Barbara J.;Savage, Jennifer S.;Johnson, Susan L.;Keller, Kathleen L.
通讯作者：
Keller, Kathleen L.

Influence of exclusive breastfeeding on hippocampal structure, satiety responsiveness, and weight status.

DOI：
10.1111/mcn.13333
发表时间：
2022-07
期刊：
MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Higgins, Ryan C.;Keller, Kathleen L.;Aruma, Jane C.;Masterson, Travis D.;Adise, Shana;Fearnbach, Nicole;Stein, Wendy M.;English, Laural K.;Fuchs, Bari;Pearce, Alaina L.
通讯作者：
Pearce, Alaina L.

Using association rules mining to characterize loss of control eating in childhood.

DOI：
10.1016/j.appet.2021.105236
发表时间：
2021-08-01
期刊：
Appetite
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Pearce AL;Brick TR;Masterson T;Adise S;Fearnbach SN;Stein W;English L;Tanofsky-Kraff M;Keller KL
通讯作者：
Keller KL

Decision-Making Processes Related to Perseveration Are Indirectly Associated With Weight Status in Children Through Laboratory-Assessed Energy Intake.

DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2021.652595
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Frontiers in psychology
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Fuchs BA;Roberts NJ;Adise S;Pearce AL;Geier CF;White C;Oravecz Z;Keller KL
通讯作者：
Keller KL

Loss of control eating in children is associated with altered cortical and subcortical brain structure.

DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1237591
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Pearce, Alaina L;Fuchs, Bari;Adise, Shana;Masterson, Travis D;Fearnbach, Nicole;English, Laural;Keller, Kathleen L
通讯作者：
Keller, Kathleen L