The role of the circadian clock in the behavior of the malaria mosquito Anopheles coluzzii

生物钟在疟疾蚊子按蚊行为中的作用

• 批准号: 10083702
• 负责人: Zach N. Adelman
• 金额: $ 18.94万
• 依托单位: TEXAS A&M AGRILIFE RESEARCH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-01-09 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10083702
• 关键词: Adult; Aedes; Affect; Africa South of the Sahara; Animal Model; Anopheles Genus; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Clocks; Biology; Blood; CRISPR/Cas technology; Candidate Disease Gene; Culicidae; Development; Drosophila genus; Feedback; Female; Gene Expression; Generations; Genes; Genetic Transcription; Hour; Human; Immunity; Insecticide Resistance; Insemination; Knock-out; Libido; Link; Malaria; Mediating; Membrane; Motor Activity; Odors; Organism; Oviposition; Partner in relationship; Pattern; Periodicity; Proxy; Pupa; Quantitative Reverse Transcriptase PCR; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Role; Series; Smell Perception; Speed; Testing; Time; Work; circadian; circadian pacemaker; egg; feeding; hatching; malaria mosquito; male; mating behavior; mutant; preference; programs; response; success; sugar; vector; vector competence

Project Summary Anopheles coluzzii is one of most important vectors in sub-Saharan Africa. One reason for this is its high preference for human hosts. Like all organisms, An. coluzzii has an internal clock that controls much of its biology and behavior. For example, An. coluzzii is active in the evening and at night, and mating, host seeking, sugar feeding and oviposition takes places during this time. For example, spontaneous flight activity of this mosquito is all but absent during the day but shows two strong peaks of activity during the night: one in the early evening and one towards the end of the night. Previous work has also shown that the expression of many genes is controlled by the internal clock. This includes genes involved in olfaction, immunity and insecticide resistance. The internal clock consists of several genes, including the genes clock and cycle, that are expressed rhythmically. Together with other genes they form a feedback loop that cycles approximately every 24 hours. In Aedes mosquitoes, which are active at night, shutting down this internal clock by disabling the cycle gene results in much reduced host seeking, longer development times and reduced survival. Because the internal clock affects day-time and night-time mosquitoes differently, the results from Aedes cannot be extrapolated to Anopheles. Therefore, to examine to what extent shutting down the internal clock affects the behavior, development and survival of An. coluzzii, we will use CRISPR-Cas9 to disable the clock or cycle gene. We will evaluate how this affects spontaneous flight activity, host seeking, mating success, as well as developmental rate and survival. This will tell us to what extent this mosquito’s behavior is controlled by the internal clock vs external conditions (e.g light/dark). It may also provide a way to modify mosquito behavior, e.g. by reducing host seeking, to reduce its ability to transmit malaria.

项目概要 按蚊是撒哈拉以南非洲地区最重要的病媒之一。原因之一是它的高 对人类宿主的偏好。像所有有机体一样，安。 coluzzii 有一个内部时钟来控制它的大部分功能 生物学和行为。例如，安. coluzzii 在傍晚和夜间活跃，并交配、寄主 寻找、取糖和产卵都发生在这段时间。例如自发飞行活动 这种蚊子在白天几乎不存在，但在夜间显示出两个强烈的活动高峰：一个 傍晚时分和深夜时分。先前的工作还表明，表达式 许多基因是由内部时钟控制的。这包括涉及嗅觉、免疫和 杀虫剂抗性。内部时钟由多个基因组成，包括时钟基因和周期基因， 有节奏地表达。它们与其他基因一起形成反馈循环，该循环大约循环 每 24 小时一次。在夜间活跃的伊蚊中，通过禁用 循环基因导致宿主寻找大大减少，发育时间延长并降低存活率。 由于生物钟对白天和夜间蚊子的影响不同，伊蚊的结果 不能推断按蚊。因此，要检查内部时钟关闭到什么程度 影响 An 的行为、发育和生存。 coluzzii，我们将使用 CRISPR-Cas9 来禁用时钟 或循环基因。我们将评估这如何影响自发飞行活动、寻找宿主、交配成功，因为 以及发育速度和存活率。这将告诉我们这种蚊子的行为受到控制的程度 由内部时钟与外部条件（例如光/暗）决定。它还可能提供一种修改蚊子的方法 行为，例如通过减少寻找宿主，降低其传播疟疾的能力。