Molecular approaches to sensitizing eukaryotic cells to aneuploidy
Molecular approaches to sensitizing eukaryotic cells to aneuploidy
批准号:
10096189
负责人:
AUDREY P GASCH
金额:
$4.89万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2018
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2018-06-01 至 2023-05-31
关键词:
AffectAneuploid CellsAneuploidyBiologyCancer cell lineCell LineCell NucleusCellsCellular biologyChromosome SegregationChromosomesCytosolDevelopmentDissectionDrug resistanceEukaryotic CellExonucleaseFluorescent in Situ HybridizationGene ExpressionGenesGeneticGenomicsGenotypeGoalsGrantHeterogeneityHumanHuman Cell LineIncidenceInfertilityKaryotypeKnock-outLaboratoriesLaboratory StudyLinkLocationMaintenanceMalignant NeoplasmsMapsMessenger RNAMethodsMicroscopyModelingMolecularNormal CellOrganismOrthologous GenePaclitaxelPatientsPharmaceutical PreparationsPhenotypePlayPloidiesProcessProteomeProteomicsRNARNA-Binding ProteinsReportingRoleSaccharomyces cerevisiaeSaccharomycetalesSolid NeoplasmSystemTestingTherapeuticTranslational RegulationTranslationsWorkYeastscancer cellcancer typechemotherapycolon cancer cell lineinsightknock-downlive cell imagingmalignant breast neoplasmnovelnovel therapeutic interventionoutcome forecastparalogous generesistance mechanismresponsesingle moleculetumor
中文摘要
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英文摘要
Abstract
Aneuploidy, the state in which cells carry an incorrect number of chromosomes, is a hallmark of human
cancers. Over 85% of cancers are aneuploid, and higher rates of aneuploidy are often associated with poor
patient prognosis. Aneuploid tumors can display heterogeneous karyotypes, which underlie heterogeneity in
cellular phenotypes. This presents a specific challenge in treating aneuploid tumors, because they can rapidly
evolve mechanisms to evade treatment. Given the high incidence of aneuploidy in diverse cancer types, an
attractive strategy would be to selectively sensitize cells to the aneuploid state itself, especially in combination
with chemotherapy drugs. This has been challenging, in large part because it remains unclear how aneuploid
cancer cells can tolerate extra DNA content in the first place. We have taken a novel perspective to this
challenge, by studying wild strains of budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that are naturally tolerant to
extra chromosomes. Yeast is a powerful model for dissecting cellular biology, because many of the
mechanisms and defense strategies are conserved in humans. By comparing aneuploidy-tolerant wild strains
to a well-studied laboratory strain that is unusually sensitive to aneuploidy, we discovered a single gene that,
when deleted, produces little to no phenotype in euploid strains, but renders cells very sensitive to extra
chromosomes. Thus, we can sensitize cells to aneuploidy without producing major phenotypes in the normal
euploid cells. The gene – Ssd1 – has been implicated in mRNA localization, translational control, and
chromosome maintenance among other things, but the mechanisms remain unclear. We believe that the
process of aneuploidy tolerance is conserved between yeast and humans. The human ortholog of Ssd1,
hDis3L2, shares several features with Ssd1, including links to translational regulation, P-body localization, and
proper chromosome segregation. The goal of this proposal is two fold: 1) to identify the mechanism through
which SSD1 deletion sensitizes yeast to aneuploidy and 2) to use this information to test if knockdown of
orthologous functions sensitizes cancer cell lines to aneuploidy, with and without chemotherapy treatment.
Aim 1 will use genomics, proteomics, single-molecule RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and
singe, live-cell imaging to test the role of Ssd1 in aneuploidy tolerance. Aim 2 will leverage these insights to
test if orthologous mechanisms, including knockdown of the human ortholog hDis3L2, can sensitize breast and
colon cancer cell lines to aneuploidy, with and without paclitaxel treatment. This aim will use a powerful
system to produce isogenic sets of euploid and aneuploid human cells, enabling sensitive dissection of
phenotypes that are specific to the aneuploid state. Results of this work will expand our understanding of the
function of Ssd1/hDis3L2 and could pave the way to new therapeutic approaches to target aneuploid cells.
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会议论文
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Dissecting the influence of genetic background on aneuploidy tolerance in the model eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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Molecular approaches to sensitizing eukaryotic cells to aneuploidy
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Molecular approaches to sensitizing eukaryotic cells to aneuploidy
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批准号:10403944
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资助金额:$33.16万
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财政年份:2018
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依托单位:
Functional Genomics of Stress Defense in Yeast
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批准号:7868650
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资助金额:$18.52万
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财政年份:2009
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依托单位:
Functional Genomics of Stress Defense in Yeast
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批准号:7821431
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资助金额:$30.95万
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财政年份:2008
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依托单位:
Functional Genomics of Stress Defense in Yeast
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批准号:7614185
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资助金额:$31.26万
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财政年份:2008
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依托单位:
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批准号:8644804
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$31.66万
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财政年份:2008
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负责人:AUDREY P GASCH
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依托单位:
Functional Genomics of Stress Defense in Yeast
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批准号:7432979
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$31.26万
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财政年份:2008
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负责人:AUDREY P GASCH
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依托单位:
Functional Genomics of Stress Defense in Yeast
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批准号:8063659
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$30.64万
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财政年份:2008
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负责人:AUDREY P GASCH
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依托单位:
Functional Genomics of Stress Defense in Yeast
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批准号:8269025
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$30.64万
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财政年份:2008
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负责人:AUDREY P GASCH
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依托单位:
Functional Genomics of Stress Defense in Yeast
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批准号:8504577
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$31.66万
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财政年份:2008
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负责人:AUDREY P GASCH
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依托单位:
Predoctoral Training Program in Genetics
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批准号:9085294
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$73.36万
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财政年份:1975
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负责人:AUDREY P GASCH
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依托单位:
Predoctoral Training Program in Genetics
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批准号:8876697
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$72.57万
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财政年份:1975
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负责人:AUDREY P GASCH
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依托单位:
Predoctoral Training Program in Genetics
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批准号:9306108
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$74.17万
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财政年份:1975
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负责人:AUDREY P GASCH
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依托单位:
海外基金