Structural Dynamics at LCLS

LCLS 结构动力学

• 批准号: 10089010
• 负责人: Mark Hunter
• 金额: $ 23.3万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-01 至 2026-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10089010
• 关键词: Automobile Driving; Beds; Biochemical Reaction; Collaborations; Color; Communities; Complex; Consumption; Crystallization; Crystallography; Data; Data Collection; Databases; Development; Development Plans; Devices; Diffusion; Drug Design; Enzymatic Biochemistry; Exposure to; Feedback; Geometry; Goals; Lasers; Ligands; Lipids; Liquid substance; Membrane; Membrane Proteins; Methods; Modeling; Particle Size; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Phase; Physiologic pulse; Preparation; Protein Array; Protein Dynamics; RNA; Radiation; Reaction; Research; Resolution; Roentgen Rays; Sampling; Scanning; Science; Services; Stream; Structure; Surface Tension; Suspensions; System; Technology; Temperature; Testing; Thinness; Time; Viscosity; Work; base; cryogenics; density; design; experimental study; fluid flow; metalloenzyme; movie; programs; screening; x-ray free-electron laser

ABSTRACT: TR&D-2 TR&D-2 tackles the challenges of sample delivery for data collection at the LCLS X-ray FEL. High intensity X-ray FEL beams used to probe sample structure will destroy the sample after exposure to a single X-ray pulse. As a result, experiments at LCLS require a sample delivery system that can replace the damaged sample between every X-ray pulse. Crystal injectors were the first crystal delivery method used for serial femtosecond diffraction and are commonly used at X-ray FEL facilities because they can efficiently deliver a large number of crystals, reduce background scattering and enable new classes of time resolved studies. Sample injectors produce a thin stream of crystals (or sample solution) by ejecting a suspension through a small orifice. X-ray pulses at a high repetition rate interrogate the crystal stream and a diffraction pattern is produced each time a crystal and an X-ray pulse coincide. While it is possible to collect serial data at cryogenic temperatures with rapid scanning fixed target systems, injectors can replenish room temperature samples at even faster rates. Furthermore, many biomedical problems require the unique features offered by sample injectors including methods that use rapid mixing to study biomolecular dynamics. TR&D-2 focuses on advancing injector-based sample delivery methods to enable research following the DBP themes, specifically, solving new structures of membrane proteins and other radiation sensitive biomolecules and enabling the study of protein dynamics including those of metalloenzymes. This will be achieved via the development of remote access capabilities for data collection for Lipidic Cubic Phase (LCP) and other viscous media samples, as well as through the thorough testing and optimization of rapid mixing injectors. TR&D-2 aims to maximize the efficiency in the use of the unique LCLS beam, promoting greater access to biomedical community and new scientific discovery.

摘要：TR&D-2 TR&D-2 解决了 LCLS X 射线 FEL 中数据收集的样品输送挑战。高的 用于探测样品结构的强度 X 射线 FEL 光束会在曝光后破坏样品 到单个 X 射线脉冲。因此，LCLS 的实验需要一个样品传输系统 可以在每个 X 射线脉冲之间更换损坏的样品。水晶注射器是第一个 用于连续飞秒衍射的晶体传输方法，常用于 X 射线 FEL 设施因为它们可以有效地输送大量晶体，减少背景 散射并实现新类别的时间分辨研究。进样器产生稀薄的 通过小孔喷射悬浮液来形成晶体流（或样品溶液）。 X射线 高重复率的脉冲询问晶体流并产生衍射图案 每次晶体和 X 射线脉冲重合时。虽然可以收集串行数据 低温快速扫描固定目标系统，注射器可以补充空间 以更快的速度进行温度采样。此外，许多生物医学问题需要 进样器提供的独特功能，包括使用快速混合进行研究的方法 生物分子动力学。 TR&D-2 专注于推进基于注射器的样品输送方法以实现研究 遵循 DBP 主题，特别是解决膜蛋白和其他蛋白的新结构 辐射敏感的生物分子并能够研究蛋白质动力学，包括 金属酶。这将通过开发数据远程访问功能来实现 脂质立方相 (LCP) 和其他粘性介质样品的收集，以及通过 快速混合注射器的彻底测试和优化。 TR&D-2 旨在最大化 独特的 LCLS 光束的使用效率，促进更多地获得生物医学 社区和新的科学发现。