Novel Approaches to Understanding How Alcohol Pathology Develops in Adolescents

项目摘要/摘要 青少年饮酒率比任何其他年龄段都要高，酒精使用障碍 (澳元)通常发生在青春期，也就是法定饮酒年龄之前。因此，理论上 AUD的模型表明，早期饮酒经历影响AUD症状的进展。此外， 反复饮酒被认为会改变大脑的奖励系统，导致AUD的临床表现 时间到了。这些理论建立在酒精对青少年动物和实验室影响的直接研究基础上 或者是关于成人的回顾报告。然而，像青少年主观酒精这样的概念 反应和渴望很难在动物身上建立模型，也可能不能准确地反映在患有 有几年的饮酒经验。因此，在人类青少年中利用这些结构的创新研究 对于建立理论和指导实践是必不可少的。重新提交的K23提案AA024808-01，小说 了解青少年酒精病理学如何发展的方法，概述了一个完整的 有指导、以病人为导向的职业发展研究和培训计划。这项拟议的研究旨在 了解在发育关键期对酒精和渴求的主观反应是如何变化的 通过应用纵向生态瞬时评估(EMA)与 在更可控的环境中进行心理生理评估。参与者，年龄在15到17岁之间，他们报告 酒精消费但不符合澳元标准，将完成三次、24天的EMA突发和三次 一年以上的实验课程。实验室心理生理学评估将包括平均动脉 血压、心率和惊恐眨眼肌电图。EMA将包括随机抽样和自我抽样 发起关于饮酒和不饮酒的主观状态的报告。面对面的假设 变化过程将主要用纵向潜变量方法进行评估。这项研究计划 为开发应用的体验式学习和指导性培训提供必要的环境 AUD的知情模型将理论和实践联系起来，将实验室和现实世界的研究成果联系起来，并进行测试 澳元发展的动态理论。一支令人印象深刻的指导团队，在EMA方面拥有丰富的专业知识 方法、青少年发展、心理生理学研究、纵向建模和临床研究 应用程序将指导这些领域的培训。拟议的5年职业发展期将有助于 成功过渡到独立性并帮助确保未来的研究资金，以应用新的方法和 发展框架内的统计数据。这项拟议的研究旨在解决阻碍 领先的非酒精性消化不良理论的进步，最终目标是确定更有效的预防和早期 干预措施正在接近。因此，这项建议与NIAAA的未成年人饮酒研究倡议非常一致 这促进了研究，以了解迫使年轻人从最初饮酒到有害的因素 习惯于AUD。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Adolescents have higher rates of alcohol consumption than any other age group, and Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) typically onsets during the adolescent years, prior to the legal drinking age. Accordingly, theoretical models of AUD suggest that early drinking experiences influence the progression of AUD symptoms. Further, repeated drinking is thought to alter the brain’s reward systems, leading to clinical manifestation of AUD over time. These theories are founded in direct research of alcohol’s effects with adolescent animals and laboratory or retrospective reports with human adults. However, concepts such as adolescents’ subjective alcohol responses and craving are difficult to model in animals and may not be accurately reflected in human adults with several years of drinking experience. Thus, innovative research that taps these constructs in human adolescents is essential to build theory and inform practice. This resubmission of K23 proposal AA024808-01, Novel Approaches to Understanding How Alcohol Pathology Develops in Adolescents, outlines a well-integrated research and training plan for mentored, patient-oriented career development. The proposed research seeks to understand how subjective responses to alcohol and craving change during the developmentally-critical period of adolescence through the application of longitudinal ecological momentary assessment (EMA) paired with psychophysiological assessment in a more controlled setting. Participants, ages 15 to 17 years, who report alcohol consumption but do not meet criteria for AUD, will complete three, 24-day EMA bursts and three laboratory sessions over one year. Laboratory psychophysiological assessments will include mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and startle eye blink electromyography. EMA will include randomly sampled and self- initiated reports of subjective states across drinking and non-drinking days. Hypotheses of within-person processes of change will be evaluated primarily with longitudinal latent variable methods. This research plan provides the necessary landscape for experiential learning and mentored training in applying developmentally informed models of AUD to theory and practice, bridging laboratory and real-world research findings, and testing dynamic theories of AUD development. An impressive mentorship team with complimentary expertise in EMA methods, adolescent development, psychophysiological research, longitudinal modeling, and clinical research applications will guide training in these areas. The proposed 5-year career development period will facilitate a successful transition to independence and aid in securing future research funding to apply novel methods and statistics within a developmental framework. The proposed research seeks to address major barriers to the advancement of leading AUD theories, with the ultimate goal of identifying more effective prevention and early intervention approaches. Thus, this proposal is well-aligned with NIAAA’s underage drinking research initiative that promotes research to understand factors compelling youth to progress from initial alcohol use to harmful use to AUD.