Engineering and Imaging 3D genome structure-function dynamics across time scales

工程与成像 跨时间尺度的 3D 基因组结构-功能动态

• 批准号: 10264929
• 负责人: Gerd A Blobel
• 金额: $ 112.83万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-16 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10264929
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Adopted; Amalgam; Architecture; Biological; Biological Models; Biological Process; Cell Cycle Stage; Cell Nucleus; Cell Separation; Cells; ChIP-seq; Characteristics; Chromatin; Chromatin Loop; Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats; Collaborations; Complex; DNA; DNA sequencing; Data; Development; Electric Stimulation; Engineering; Enhancers; Epigenetic Process; Erythroid Cells; Event; Frequencies; G1 Phase; Gene Expression; Genes; Genetic Materials; Genetic Transcription; Genome; Genome engineering; Hi-C; Hour; Human; Image; Imaging Device; Imaging Techniques; Imaging technology; Immediate-Early Genes; Induced pluripotent stem cell derived neurons; Light; Link; Maps; Measures; Mediating; Metaphase; Methodology; Mitosis; Mitotic; Monitor; Mus; Neurobiology; Neurons; Peptide Sequence Determination; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase Transition; Phenotype; Plant Roots; Population; Proteins; Qi; RNA; Reporter; Research Personnel; Resistance; Resolution; Role; Somatic Cell; Stimulus; Structure; Structure-Activity Relationship; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Transcript; YY1 Transcription Factor; base; biological systems; cancer cell; cancer therapy; cell type; cellular imaging; cohesin; design; experimental study; genome-wide; genomic RNA; induced pluripotent stem cell; insight; interest; live cell imaging; mammalian genome; melanoma; new technology; pluripotency; promoter; response; single molecule; time use; tool; ultra high resolution

The mammalian genome folds into tens of thousands of long-range looping interactions. A critical unknown is whether and how chromatin loops control gene expression, and a major unresolved question is how the temporal progression of loops relates to transcription dynamics. One major barrier to answering this question is that loops change on a range of timescales, necessitating the use of tools and model systems amenable to tracking and engineering loops longitudinally and in real time on both short and long timing. Here, we propose to develop and apply new engineering and imaging tools to measure, induce, and perturb loops with precise temporal control in three different biological systems spanning minutes, hours, and weeks. At the shortest timescale (minutes, Aim 1), we will examine loop dynamics in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons in response to electrical stimulation, revealing how interaction frequency is functionally connected to transcriptional bursting of immediate early and secondary response genes. On the timescale of hours (Aim 3), we will elucidate how the architectural protein YY1 connects enhancer-promoter loops that re-assemble upon the exit from mitosis by erythroid cells. On the timescale of weeks (Aim 2), we will use a cellular “Time Machine” to longitudinally track the rare cells that undergo cellular reprogramming, allowing us to dissect the functionality of loop formation and dissolution with single-cell and subcellular resolution during the reprogramming of somatic cells to pluripotency and transition of melanoma cancer cells to a resistant phenotype. Our team consists of a highly productive and collaborative set of junior and senior investigators with complementary expertise and overlapping interests, including Dr. Gerd Blobel (epigenetics, mitosis, loop engineering), Dr. Eric Joyce (Oligopaints imaging), Dr. Bomyi Lim (nascent transcript live cell imaging), Dr. Jennifer Phillips-Cremins (chromatin architecture, loop engineering, neurobiology), Dr. Stanley Qi (CRISPR genome engineering, live cell imaging), and Dr. Arjun Raj (single cell genomics, RNA imaging, reprogramming). We will develop and apply live and fixed cell imaging techniques for chromatin contacts, and in the same cells image nascent transcription. We will build a cadre of synthetic architectural proteins to engineer loops in a time-dependent inducible manner. Successful application of our engineering and imaging tools across biological systems will yield a comprehensive and rigorous assessment of the cause-and-effect relationship between loops and distinct biological phenotypes across timescales.

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