Community Engagement Core

社区参与核心

• 批准号: 10267408
• 负责人: Juliet McMullin
• 金额: $ 19.95万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-08 至 2024-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10267408
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Adult; Advocate; Affect; African American; Ambulatory Care; Belief; Breast; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; California; Cancer Patient; Caring; Communication; Communities; Coronavirus; County; Data; Decision Making; Development; Discrimination; Dose; Drops; Employment; Family; Focus Groups; Friends; Fright; Goals; Health; Health Professional; Health Surveys; Healthcare; Healthcare Systems; Hispanic Americans; Hispanics; Incidence; Individual; Infection; Internet; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Linguistics; Low income; Medical; Minority; Misinformation; Outpatients; Pathway interactions; Patient Care; Patients; Pattern; Physicians; Population; Process; Provider; Public Health; Readiness; Reporting; Research; Resources; Respondent; Route; Social Interaction; Social Work; Source; Structure; Surveys; Survivors; System; Telephone; Time; Trust; Vaccination; Vaccines; Visit; Vulnerable Populations; Work; base; care providers; design; expectation; experience; follow-up; health assessment; health disparity; health literacy; health plan; implementation strategy; improved; information seeking behavior; insight; interest; minority communities; mortality; outreach; pandemic disease; patient subsets; public trust; service providers; social; social capital; social disparities

ABSTRACT Health literacy is a significant barrier for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine acceptance, particularly among low- income and minority communities that have experienced disproportionately high rates of COVID-19 infection and mortality. Previous research has identified the importance of trust for health literacy. This is especially true for minority communities that have experienced systemic discrimination within the US healthcare system and harbor longstanding mistrust of physicians. Vaccine acceptance relies on public trust not only in individual providers, but also in public health officials and the health care system as a whole. Public health experts agree that the US lacks vaccine readiness and that interventions are needed to effectively overcome substantial vaccine hesitancy. Yet tens of millions of U.S. adults are unable to make decisions in their own best interest because they neither can access, nor understand, health information. This project uses a social ecological framework to investigate how low-income Latinx/Hispanics and African Americans in Southern California's Inland Empire engage with health information about COVID-19 and the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Understanding how information works as a system, rather than as a problem of physician-patient communication, facilitates identification of high-leverage points for communication interventions to increase vaccine acceptance among vulnerable populations. Research questions: What are the health information-seeking patterns of low-income and minority patients? And what can be learned from these patterns to design effective communication interventions to mitigate misinformation and overcome vaccine hesitancy? Aim 1: Investigate current information needs, knowledge, and concerns regarding COVID-19 and a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Focus groups and a Community Advisory Board will inform the design of an online survey to assess low-income African Americans' and Latinx/Hispanics' knowledge, beliefs, expectations, concerns, and fears regarding COVID-19 and a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Follow-up phone interviews will be conducted with a subset of survey respondents to probe more deeply into the processes through which individuals seek and obtain health information. Aim 2: Develop communication interventions to increase vaccine acceptance. Qualitative and quantitative analyses from Aim 1 will be integrated to categorize information-seeking patterns and identify relationships of trust in low-income minority communities. Communication strategies will then be designed to acknowledge both information barriers and existing social capital that can be harnessed in low-income and minority communities to increase vaccine acceptance.

摘要 健康素养是接受SARS-CoV-2疫苗的一个重要障碍，特别是在低收入人群中 收入和经历了新冠肺炎感染率不成比例高的少数族裔社区 和死亡率。之前的研究已经确定了信任对健康素养的重要性。这是特别的 对于在美国医疗体系内经历了系统性歧视的少数族裔社区来说是这样的 对医生的不信任由来已久。疫苗的接受依赖于公众的信任，而不仅仅是个人的信任 不仅是医疗服务提供者，还包括公共卫生官员和整个医疗保健系统。公共卫生专家同意 美国缺乏疫苗准备，需要进行干预以有效地克服 疫苗犹豫不决。然而，数以千万计的美国成年人无法做出符合自己最佳利益的决定 因为他们既不能访问，也不能理解健康信息。 该项目使用社会生态框架来调查低收入拉丁裔/拉美裔美国人和 南加州内陆帝国的非裔美国人参与有关新冠肺炎的健康信息 以及SARS-CoV-2疫苗。了解信息如何作为一个系统工作，而不是作为一个问题 医患沟通，有助于识别沟通的高杠杆点 提高弱势人群接受疫苗的干预措施。 研究问题：低收入和少数群体的健康信息寻求模式是什么 病人？从这些模式中可以学到什么，以设计有效的沟通干预措施 减少错误信息并克服疫苗的犹豫不决？ 目标1：调查当前对新冠肺炎的信息需求、知识和关注 和SARS-CoV-2疫苗。焦点小组和社区咨询委员会将为设计 评估低收入非裔美国人和拉丁裔/拉美裔美国人的知识、信仰、 对新冠肺炎和SARS-CoV-2疫苗的期望、担忧和恐惧。回访电话 将对部分调查受访者进行访谈，以更深入地探讨这一过程 个人通过该网站寻求和获取健康信息。 目标2：制定沟通干预措施以提高疫苗接受度。定性的和 将整合目标1的量化分析，以对信息寻找模式进行分类并确定 低收入少数群体社区的信任关系。然后将设计沟通策略，以 承认信息障碍和现有的社会资本可以在低收入和 提高少数族裔社区对疫苗的接受度。