Development of MRI Techniques for Drug-Abuse Applications

药物滥用领域 MRI 技术的发展

• 批准号: 10267523
• 负责人: Yihong Yang
• 金额: $ 138.21万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10267523
• 关键词: Acoustic Stimulation; Acute; Adoption; Anterior; Area; Auditory area; Back; Behavioral; Brain; Cerebellum; Characteristics; Cognitive deficits; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Dorsal; Drug Addiction; Drug abuse; Echo-Planar Imaging; Environment; Evaluation; Event; Frontal gyrus; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Glutamates; Goals; Graph; Hot Spot; Human; Image; Imaging Techniques; Individual; Insula of Reil; Lateral; Left; Link; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Manuscripts; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Medial; Middle frontal gyrus structure; Monitor; Morphologic artifacts; Motor Cortex; Muscle; Neurotransmitters; Noise; Parietal; Participant; Pattern; Physiologic pulse; Precentral gyrus; Prefrontal Cortex; Probability; Procedures; Process; Psychophysiology; Recurrence; Research Project Grants; Rest; Role; Short-Term Memory; Site; Stimulus; Structure; Surface; Task Performances; Techniques; Thalamic structure; Therapeutic Effect; Time; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Treatment Efficacy; Ventral Tegmental Area; Visual; Work; angular gyrus; auditory thalamus; base; cingulate cortex; cognitive function; cognitive performance; data acquisition; design; frontal lobe; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; imaging biomarker; magnetic field; multimodality; neuromechanism; neuropsychiatric disorder; neuroregulation; outcome prediction; putamen; radio frequency; relating to nervous system; response; spectroscopic imaging; stimulus interval; support network; tool

1. Temporal Dynamics of Functional Brain States Underlie Cognitive Performance The functional organization of the human brain adapts dynamically in response to a rapidly changing environment and disruptions in this process have been linked to cognitive deficits. However, the relation of these rapid changes in functional organization to cognitive functioning is not well understood. This study used a graph-based time-frame modularity analysis approach to identify temporally recurrent functional configuration patterns in the neural responses to an n-back task of working memory performed during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Working memory load was manipulated to investigate the functional relevance of the identified brain states. Four distinct brain states were defined by predominant patterns of activation in the task-positive, default-mode, sensorimotor, and visual networks. Escalating working memory load increased both the occurrence of the task-positive state and the probability of transitioning into this state. Simultaneously, the occurrence of the default-mode and sensorimotor states and the probability of these two states transitioning away from the task-positive state both decreased. Further, the task-positive state occurrence rate and the probability of transitioning from the default-mode state back to the task-positive state explained a significant and unique portion of the variance in task performance. The results demonstrate the dynamics of the functional interactions among large well-defined networks that support successful cognitive functioning and provide a reference to understand the cognitive deficits that characterize multiple neuropsychiatric disorders. (Manuscript under review) 2. Simultaneous TMS and fMRI: Aspects of Technical Implementation The simultaneous transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) offers a unique opportunity to non-invasively stimulate brain circuits while simultaneously monitoring changes in brain activity. However, to take advantage of this multimodal technique, some technical aspects need to be overcome. In this work, we evaluated technical issues associated with the setup and utilization of this multimodal tool, such as the use of a large single-channel radio frequency (rf)-coil, and the artifacts induced by TMS when interleaved with the echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequence. We demonstrated that good image quality can be achieved with this rf-coil, and that the adoption of axial imaging orientation in conjunction with a safe interval of 100 ms, between the TMS pulse and imaging acquisition, is a suitable combination to eliminate potential image artifacts when using the combined TMS-fMRI technique in 3 Tesla MRI scanners. (Manuscript under review) 3. Simultaneous TMS and MRI: Aspects of Neural Mechanism of TMS In this study, we used simultaneous TMS and MRI to investigate acute effects of TMS modulation on the brain. An MRI-compatible TMS coil was used to stimulate the left dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC; MNI = -50, 30, 36), while fMRI being acquired to assess the modulatory effects of the stimulation on the whole brain. Preliminary fMRI data showed that the TMS elicited activation in the insula, auditory cortex (due to the TMS acoustic noise), caudate, thalamus, cerebellum, superior medial frontal gyrus, precentral and angular gyrus and decreased activation in the temporal poles, orbital-frontal cortex (OFC), ventral tegmental area and precuneus. Results from Psychophysiological Interactions (PPI) analysis showed a TMS-associated increase in the connectivity with the TMS site in the caudate, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), cerebellum, parietal, precuneus and occipital areas, but a TMS-associated decrease in the connectivity with the TMS site in the auditory cortex and thalamus. Positive correlation between fMRI activation maps and rsfMRI functional connectivity maps was observed in the thalamus, putamen, cerebellum, ACC, superior medial frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus and occipital area, while negative correlation was observed in the temporal pole, cerebellum, OFC, auditory cortex and middle frontal gyrus. A comprehensive analysis and interpretation of the data will be performed upon completion of the data acquisition on all participants. 4. Transcranial Rotating Permanent Magnet Stimulation (TRPMS) TRPMS is a newly developed non-invasive neuromodulation technique. The principle of TRPMS is to generate fast changing magnetic field on the brain surface underneath the stimulator using a rapidly rotating permanent magnet. Although TRPMS is a type of sub-threshold stimulation and cannot directly induce cortex activation, it is demonstrated to be capable of changing cortical excitability. This study is aimed to evaluate the modulatory effect of TRPMS on cortical excitability by using an A-B-A design with TRPMS and fMRI. First, participants undergo a baseline TMS/fMRI session to get a measurement of baseline cortical excitability in the form of single-pulse TMS induced BOLD activation (A). We then conduct an event-related single-pulse TMS/fMRI session, with TMS stimulus at 120% RMT, 50 events with inter-stimulus-interval (ISI) around 16s (16s with random jittering). EMG recording are conducted on the corresponding FDI muscle through this TMS/fMRI session. Next we stimulate the left motor cortex over the hot-spot with the parameter set that has been demonstrated to have enhancement effect of the motor cortex excitability: 20-min application of TRPMS, 100ms duration, 0.2Hz (one stimulus every 5s), total 240 stimuli (B). Then we evaluate the modulatory effect of the TRPMS stimulation by conducting a second TMS/fMRI session, with the identical procedure of the baseline TMS/fMRI session (A). Upon completion of the evaluation on the neuromodulatory effect of TMS on cortical excitability, more specific studies targeting on therapeutic effects of TRPMS can be designed based on its modulation on cortical excitability.

1. 大脑功能状态的时间动态是认知表现的基础 人脑的功能组织会动态适应快速变化的环境，而这一过程的中断与认知缺陷有关。然而，功能组织的这些快速变化与认知功能的关系尚不清楚。本研究使用基于图的时间框架模块化分析方法来识别功能磁共振成像期间执行的工作记忆 n-back 任务的神经反应中的时间重复功能配置模式。操纵工作记忆负荷来研究已识别的大脑状态的功能相关性。四种不同的大脑状态由任务积极、默认模式、感觉运动和视觉网络的主要激活模式定义。工作记忆负载的增加既增加了任务积极状态的发生，也增加了转换到该状态的概率。同时，默认模式和感觉运动状态的出现以及这两种状态从任务积极状态转变的概率都减少了。此外，任务积极状态发生率和从默认模式状态转换回任务积极状态的概率解释了任务绩效差异的重要且独特的部分。结果证明了大型明确网络之间功能相互作用的动态，这些网络支持成功的认知功能，并为理解多种神经精神疾病的认知缺陷提供了参考。 （稿件正在审核中） 2. 同时 TMS 和 fMRI：技术实施方面 同时经颅磁刺激 (TMS) 和功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 提供了一个独特的机会，可以非侵入性地刺激大脑回路，同时监测大脑活动的变化。然而，为了利用这种多模式技术，需要克服一些技术问题。在这项工作中，我们评估了与这种多模态工具的设置和使用相关的技术问题，例如大型单通道射频 (rf) 线圈的使用，以及 TMS 在与平面回波成像 (EPI) 序列交织时引起的伪影。我们证明，使用这种射频线圈可以实现良好的图像质量，并且采用轴向成像定向以及 TMS 脉冲和成像采集之间 100 ms 的安全间隔是消除在 3 Tesla MRI 扫描仪中使用组合 TMS-fMRI 技术时潜在图像伪影的合适组合。 （稿件正在审核中） 3. 同时 TMS 和 MRI：TMS 的神经机制方面 在这项研究中，我们同时使用 TMS 和 MRI 来研究 TMS 调制对大脑的急性影响。使用与 MRI 兼容的 TMS 线圈刺激左背外侧前额叶皮层（DLPFC；MNI = -50、30、36），同时获取功能磁共振成像以评估刺激对整个大脑的调节作用。初步功能磁共振成像数据显示，TMS 引起岛叶、听觉皮层（由于 TMS 声学噪声）、尾状核、丘脑、小脑、额内侧上回、中央前回和角回的激活，并减少颞极、眶额皮质 (OFC)、腹侧被盖区和楔前叶的激活。心理生理相互作用（PPI）分析的结果显示，与尾状核、前扣带皮层（ACC）、小脑、顶叶、楔前叶和枕叶区域的 TMS 部位的连接性与 TMS 相关，但与听觉皮层和丘脑的 TMS 部位的连接性与 TMS 相关性降低。 fMRI激活图与rsfMRI功能连接图在丘脑、壳核、小脑、ACC、额内侧回、额中回和枕叶区呈正相关，在颞极、小脑、OFC、听觉皮层和额中回呈负相关。在完成所有参与者的数据采集后，将对数据进行全面的分析和解释。 4. 经颅旋转永磁刺激 (TRPMS) TRPMS是一种新开发的非侵入性神经调节技术。 TRPMS 的原理是使用快速旋转的永磁体在刺激器下方的大脑表面产生快速变化的磁场。虽然 TRPMS 是一种阈下刺激，不能直接诱导皮层激活，但它被证明能够改变皮层兴奋性。本研究旨在通过使用 TRPMS 和 fMRI 的 A-B-A 设计来评估 TRPMS 对皮质兴奋性的调节作用。首先，参与者接受基线 TMS/fMRI 会话，以单脉冲 TMS 诱导 BOLD 激活的形式测量基线皮质兴奋性 (A)。然后，我们进行与事件相关的单脉冲 TMS/fMRI 会话，TMS 刺激为 120% RMT，50 个事件，刺激间间隔 (ISI) 约为 16 秒（随机抖动为 16 秒）。通过此 TMS/fMRI 会话对相应的 FDI 肌肉进行 EMG 记录。接下来，我们用已被证明具有增强运动皮层兴奋性效果的参数集刺激左侧运动皮层的热点：应用TRPMS 20分钟，持续时间100ms，0.2Hz（每5秒一次刺激），总共240个刺激（B）。然后，我们通过进行第二次 TMS/fMRI 会话来评估 TRPMS 刺激的调节效果，其程序与基线 TMS/fMRI 会话 (A) 相同。在完成TMS对皮质兴奋性神经调节作用的评估后，可以根据TRPMS对皮质兴奋性的调节作用，设计更具体的针对TRPMS治疗效果的研究。