Development of MRI Techniques for Drug-Abuse Applications

药物滥用领域 MRI 技术的发展

• 批准号: 10267523
• 负责人: Yihong Yang
• 金额: $ 138.21万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10267523
• 关键词: Acoustic Stimulation; Acute; Adoption; Anterior; Area; Auditory area; Back; Behavioral; Brain; Cerebellum; Characteristics; Cognitive deficits; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Dorsal; Drug Addiction; Drug abuse; Echo-Planar Imaging; Environment; Evaluation; Event; Frontal gyrus; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Glutamates; Goals; Graph; Hot Spot; Human; Image; Imaging Techniques; Individual; Insula of Reil; Lateral; Left; Link; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Manuscripts; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Medial; Middle frontal gyrus structure; Monitor; Morphologic artifacts; Motor Cortex; Muscle; Neurotransmitters; Noise; Parietal; Participant; Pattern; Physiologic pulse; Precentral gyrus; Prefrontal Cortex; Probability; Procedures; Process; Psychophysiology; Recurrence; Research Project Grants; Rest; Role; Short-Term Memory; Site; Stimulus; Structure; Surface; Task Performances; Techniques; Thalamic structure; Therapeutic Effect; Time; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Treatment Efficacy; Ventral Tegmental Area; Visual; Work; angular gyrus; auditory thalamus; base; cingulate cortex; cognitive function; cognitive performance; data acquisition; design; frontal lobe; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; imaging biomarker; magnetic field; multimodality; neuromechanism; neuropsychiatric disorder; neuroregulation; outcome prediction; putamen; radio frequency; relating to nervous system; response; spectroscopic imaging; stimulus interval; support network; tool

1. Temporal Dynamics of Functional Brain States Underlie Cognitive Performance The functional organization of the human brain adapts dynamically in response to a rapidly changing environment and disruptions in this process have been linked to cognitive deficits. However, the relation of these rapid changes in functional organization to cognitive functioning is not well understood. This study used a graph-based time-frame modularity analysis approach to identify temporally recurrent functional configuration patterns in the neural responses to an n-back task of working memory performed during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Working memory load was manipulated to investigate the functional relevance of the identified brain states. Four distinct brain states were defined by predominant patterns of activation in the task-positive, default-mode, sensorimotor, and visual networks. Escalating working memory load increased both the occurrence of the task-positive state and the probability of transitioning into this state. Simultaneously, the occurrence of the default-mode and sensorimotor states and the probability of these two states transitioning away from the task-positive state both decreased. Further, the task-positive state occurrence rate and the probability of transitioning from the default-mode state back to the task-positive state explained a significant and unique portion of the variance in task performance. The results demonstrate the dynamics of the functional interactions among large well-defined networks that support successful cognitive functioning and provide a reference to understand the cognitive deficits that characterize multiple neuropsychiatric disorders. (Manuscript under review) 2. Simultaneous TMS and fMRI: Aspects of Technical Implementation The simultaneous transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) offers a unique opportunity to non-invasively stimulate brain circuits while simultaneously monitoring changes in brain activity. However, to take advantage of this multimodal technique, some technical aspects need to be overcome. In this work, we evaluated technical issues associated with the setup and utilization of this multimodal tool, such as the use of a large single-channel radio frequency (rf)-coil, and the artifacts induced by TMS when interleaved with the echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequence. We demonstrated that good image quality can be achieved with this rf-coil, and that the adoption of axial imaging orientation in conjunction with a safe interval of 100 ms, between the TMS pulse and imaging acquisition, is a suitable combination to eliminate potential image artifacts when using the combined TMS-fMRI technique in 3 Tesla MRI scanners. (Manuscript under review) 3. Simultaneous TMS and MRI: Aspects of Neural Mechanism of TMS In this study, we used simultaneous TMS and MRI to investigate acute effects of TMS modulation on the brain. An MRI-compatible TMS coil was used to stimulate the left dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC; MNI = -50, 30, 36), while fMRI being acquired to assess the modulatory effects of the stimulation on the whole brain. Preliminary fMRI data showed that the TMS elicited activation in the insula, auditory cortex (due to the TMS acoustic noise), caudate, thalamus, cerebellum, superior medial frontal gyrus, precentral and angular gyrus and decreased activation in the temporal poles, orbital-frontal cortex (OFC), ventral tegmental area and precuneus. Results from Psychophysiological Interactions (PPI) analysis showed a TMS-associated increase in the connectivity with the TMS site in the caudate, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), cerebellum, parietal, precuneus and occipital areas, but a TMS-associated decrease in the connectivity with the TMS site in the auditory cortex and thalamus. Positive correlation between fMRI activation maps and rsfMRI functional connectivity maps was observed in the thalamus, putamen, cerebellum, ACC, superior medial frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus and occipital area, while negative correlation was observed in the temporal pole, cerebellum, OFC, auditory cortex and middle frontal gyrus. A comprehensive analysis and interpretation of the data will be performed upon completion of the data acquisition on all participants. 4. Transcranial Rotating Permanent Magnet Stimulation (TRPMS) TRPMS is a newly developed non-invasive neuromodulation technique. The principle of TRPMS is to generate fast changing magnetic field on the brain surface underneath the stimulator using a rapidly rotating permanent magnet. Although TRPMS is a type of sub-threshold stimulation and cannot directly induce cortex activation, it is demonstrated to be capable of changing cortical excitability. This study is aimed to evaluate the modulatory effect of TRPMS on cortical excitability by using an A-B-A design with TRPMS and fMRI. First, participants undergo a baseline TMS/fMRI session to get a measurement of baseline cortical excitability in the form of single-pulse TMS induced BOLD activation (A). We then conduct an event-related single-pulse TMS/fMRI session, with TMS stimulus at 120% RMT, 50 events with inter-stimulus-interval (ISI) around 16s (16s with random jittering). EMG recording are conducted on the corresponding FDI muscle through this TMS/fMRI session. Next we stimulate the left motor cortex over the hot-spot with the parameter set that has been demonstrated to have enhancement effect of the motor cortex excitability: 20-min application of TRPMS, 100ms duration, 0.2Hz (one stimulus every 5s), total 240 stimuli (B). Then we evaluate the modulatory effect of the TRPMS stimulation by conducting a second TMS/fMRI session, with the identical procedure of the baseline TMS/fMRI session (A). Upon completion of the evaluation on the neuromodulatory effect of TMS on cortical excitability, more specific studies targeting on therapeutic effects of TRPMS can be designed based on its modulation on cortical excitability.

1。功能性脑状态的时间动力学基础认知表现 人脑的功能组织可动态适应迅速变化的环境，并且在此过程中的破坏与认知缺陷有关。但是，功能组织中这些快速变化与认知功能的关系尚不清楚。这项研究使用了基于图的时间框模块分析方法来识别对功能磁共振成像过程中执行的工作记忆任务的神经响应中的时间复发功能构型模式。操纵工作记忆负荷以研究已确定的大脑状态的功能相关性。在任务阳性，默认模式，感觉运动和视觉网络中的主要激活模式来定义四个不同的大脑状态。升级的工作记忆负荷增加了任务阳性状态的发生和过渡到该状态的概率。同时，默认模式和感觉运动状态的出现以及这两个状态从任务阳性状态过渡的概率都减少了。此外，任务阳性状态的出现率以及从默认模式状态过渡到任务阳性状态的概率解释了任务性能差异的重要部分。结果证明了大型明确的网络之间功能相互作用的动力学，这些网络支持成功的认知功能，并提供了参考以了解表征多种神经精神疾病的认知缺陷。 （审查手稿） 2。同时进行TMS和fMRI：技术实施的各个方面 同时进行经颅磁刺激（TMS）和功能磁共振成像（fMRI）为非侵入性刺激脑电路提供了独特的机会，同时监测大脑活动的变化。但是，要利用这种多模式技术，需要克服一些技术方面。在这项工作中，我们评估了与该多模式工具的设置和利用相关的技术问题，例如使用大型的单渠道射频（RF） - 磁盘以及与回声平面成像（EPI）序列相互交流时TMS引起的伪像。我们证明，这种RF型线圈可以实现良好的图像质量，并且在TMS脉冲和成像采集之间，轴向成像方向的采用与100毫秒的安全间隔相结合，是一种合适的组合，可以消除潜在的图像伪像，当使用3 Tesla MRI MRI MRI扫描仪中的组合TMS-FMRI技术时。 （审查手稿） 3。同时进行TMS和MRI：TMS神经机制的各个方面 在这项研究中，我们使用同时​​进行TMS和MRI来研究TMS调节对大脑的急性影响。使用MRI兼容的TMS线圈来刺激左背侧前额叶皮层（DLPFC； MNI = -50，30，36），而获得fMRI以评估刺激对整个大脑的调节作用。 FMRI初步数据表明，TMS在绝缘，听觉皮层（由于TMS声学噪声）中引起激活。心理生理相互作用（PPI）分析的结果表明，与TMS相关的TMS连接性增加了尾状，前扣带回皮层（ACC），小脑，顶侧，枕骨和枕骨区域的连通性，但与TMS相关的TMS与Auditory Cortex和Thalamex中TMS连接的连通性相关。 fMRI激活图与RSFMRI功能连接图之间的正相关在丘脑，梭子肌，小脑，ACC，上部额叶，中间额回和枕形区域中观察到，而在颞极，颞杆，脑cer，听觉尾部和中间的颞极相关。对所有参与者完成数据获取后，将对数据进行全面的分析和解释。 4。经颅旋转永久磁铁刺激（TRPM） TRPMS是一种新开发的非侵入性神经调节技术。 TRPM的原理是使用快速旋转的永久磁铁在刺激器下方的大脑表面上产生快速变化的磁场。尽管TRPMS是一种亚阈值刺激，无法直接诱导皮质激活，但事实证明它能够改变皮质兴奋性。这项研究旨在通过使用TRPM和fMRI的A-B-A设计来评估TRPMS对皮质兴奋性的调节作用。首先，参与者接受基线TMS/fMRI会话，以单脉冲TMS诱导的BOLD激活（a）的形式对基线皮质兴奋性进行测量。然后，我们进行了与事件相关的单脉冲TMS/FMRI会话，TMS刺激为120％RMT，50个在16s（16S随机抖动）左右具有刺激间间隔（ISI）的事件。通过此TMS/FMRI会话，对相应的FDI肌肉进行了EMG记录。接下来，我们使用已证明具有增强的运动皮层兴奋性的参数集刺激左运动皮层，该参数集的效果：20分钟的TRPMS，100ms持续时间，0.2Hz（每5s一次），总240刺激（B）。然后，我们通过进行第二个TMS/fMRI会话来评估TRPMS刺激的调节效应，并使用基线TMS/fMRI会话（a）的相同过程。在完成对TMS神经调节作用对皮质兴奋性的神经调节作用的评估后，可以根据其对皮质兴奋性的调节设计针对TRPMS治疗效应的更具体的研究。