Physical activity over the adult life course and cognitive resilience to Alzheimer's disease and related dementias

成人生命历程中的体力活动以及对阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆症的认知恢复能力

• 批准号: 10572340
• 负责人: Phillip Hwang
• 金额: $ 10.72万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-12-01 至 2027-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10572340
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Aging; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Alzheimer' s disease risk; Amyloid beta-42; Apolipoprotein E; Atrophic; Attention; Behavioral; Boston; Brain; Characteristics; Classification; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Clinical Trials Design; Cognition; Cognitive; Collection; Compensation; Complement; Data; Dementia; Development; Dimensions; Disease; Doctor of Philosophy; Elderly; Environment; Evaluation; Family history of; Fostering; Framingham Heart Study; Frequencies; Future; Generations; Genetic Carriers; Goals; Hippocampus; Household; Impaired cognition; Individual; Interdisciplinary Study; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Investigation; Knowledge; Lead; Leisures; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Logistic Regressions; Longevity; Longitudinal cohort study; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measurement; Measures; Memory; Mentorship; Nerve Degeneration; Neurocognitive; Neuroepidemiology; Neuropsychological Tests; Neuropsychology; Occupational; Participant; Physical Stimulation; Physical activity; Plasma; Prevention Research; Prevention strategy; Primary Prevention; Process; Questionnaires; Recommendation; Recreation; Research; Research Personnel; Residual state; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sports; Thinness; Time; Training; United States; Universities; Work; aging brain; brain health; brain volume; career; cerebral atrophy; cognitive function; cognitive testing; coping; critical period; dementia risk; design; digital technology; emerging adult; executive function; high dimensionality; high risk; human old age (65+); indexing; lifestyle data; lifestyle intervention; machine learning algorithm; machine learning method; medical schools; middle age; modifiable lifestyle factors; neural; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; neuropathology; observational cohort study; participant enrollment; policy implication; predictive modeling; prevent; preventive intervention; promote resilience; psychologic; random forest; resilience; resilience factor; risk stratification; statistical learning; supervised learning; support vector machine; technology platform; wearable device

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT This K01 proposal, led by Dr. Phillip Hwang, PhD, MPH, examines the role of physical activity as a contributor to cognitive resilience across the adult life course. Greater physical activity is associated with better cognitive function and reduced risk for Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD). Physical activity is thought to exert its potential beneficial effects on the brain by promoting neural compensation, including changes to structural and functional brain characteristics that support greater brain efficacy and capacity. Thus, physical stimulation may be a key contributor to cognitive resilience, which is considered as the ability to withstand greater ADRD risk levels and avoid cognitive impairment or have better-than-expected cognitive function. A major gap in knowledge regarding physical activity as a potential resilience factor is whether the impact of physical activity on resilience differs across the life course. Evidence is also lacking on specific aspects of physical activity, such as frequency or type of activity, that correlate with cognitive resilience. To address these knowledge gaps, this proposal will focus on physical activity in early adult life, midlife, and late-life and evaluate their associations with cognitive resilience using sophisticated statistical- and machine learning-based methods. Physical activity data collected from the Framingham Heart Study (FHS), which has participants enrolled across the lifespan and conducts dementia surveillance, including neuropsychological examinations, will support this investigation. Additional multi-dimensional physical activity data from wearable devices will come from the Integrated Digital Technology Platform for Optimization of Precision Brain Health project. The research plan is complemented by an exceptional mentorship team and training plan at the Boston University School of Medicine, which will provide a rich training environment that will foster Dr. Hwang’s development into an independent researcher. The plan builds on the Dr. Hwang’s background in neuroepidemiology and ADRD prevention research, and includes new training in the measurement of physical activity, neuroimaging and cognitive assessments in relation to ADRD, and machine learning methods. The combined research and training plans will prepare Dr. Hwang for a successful independent research career focused on identifying modifiable lifestyle factors over the life course and designing multi-domain lifestyle interventions to promote healthy brain aging and delay or possibly prevent the onset of ADRD. This research aligns with the NIA’s Strategic Directions for Research, 2020-2025 key goals to identify the behavioral, psychological, and neural mechanisms and processes that confer successful aging and resilience to cognitive impairment. This research is urgently needed as the number of older adults is growing, which means that the number of new cases of ADRD will increase as well, given that aging itself remains the most significant risk factor for ADRD. Findings from this research will help provide knowledge that can serve as the basis for the development of preventive interventions related to physical activity for ADRD.

项目摘要/摘要 由Phillip Hwang博士（MPH）领导的这项K01提案研究了体育活动作为贡献者的作用 在整个成人生活课程中的认知韧性。更大的体育锻炼与更好的认知有关 功能并降低阿尔茨海默氏病和相关痴呆症（ADRD）的风险。想到体育锻炼 通过促进神经补偿来对大脑产生潜在的有益影响，包括更改 结构和功能性的大脑特征，支持更大的大脑效率和能力。那，身体 刺激可能是导致认知弹性的关键因素，这被认为是承受的能力 ADRD的风险水平更高，避免认知障碍或具有更好的认知功能。 了解体育锻炼是潜在的弹性因素的一个主要差距是 弹性上的体育活动在整个生活过程中都不同。在特定方面也缺乏证据 与认知弹性相关的体育活动，例如活动的频率或类型。解决 这些知识差距，该建议将重点介绍成年早期，中年和后期生活的体育锻炼以及 使用基于机器和机器学习的复杂统计和机器学习评估他们与认知弹性的关联 方法。从弗雷明汉心脏研究（FHS）收集的体育活动数据，该研究有参与者 在整个生命周期中注册并进行痴呆症监测，包括神经心理学检查， 将支持这项投资。可穿戴设备的其他多维体育活动数据将 来自用于优化精密大脑健康项目的综合数字技术平台。 该研究计划由波士顿的杰出精力团队和培训计划完成 大学医学院将提供丰富的培训环境，以促进黄博士 发展成为独立的研究人员。该计划建立在Hwang博士的背景下 神经性电子学和ADRD预防研究，包括用于测量物理的新培训 与ADRD和机器学习方法有关的活动，神经影像学和认知评估。这 联合研究和培训计划将为Hwang博士做好准备，为成功的独立研究职业准备 专注于确定生活过程中可修改的生活方式因素并设计多域生活方式 干预措施以促进健康的大脑衰老和延迟或可能阻止ADRD的发作。 这项研究符合NIA的研究战略方向，即2020-2025的关键目标，以确定 行为，心理和神经机制和过程，会导致成功衰老和弹性 认知障碍。由于老年人的数量增长，因此迫切需要这项研究 鉴于衰老本身仍然是最大的 ADRD的重要危险因素。这项研究的发现将有助于提供可以作为 开发与ADRD体育锻炼有关的预防干预措施的基础。