Contribution of child development, biological aging, and beta-amyloid to cognitive function of the Louisville twins at midlife

儿童发育、生物衰老和β-淀粉样蛋白对路易斯维尔双胞胎中年认知功能的贡献

• 批准号: 10264459
• 负责人: Christopher Ryan Beam
• 金额: $ 11.19万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10264459
• 关键词: Address; Administrative Supplement; Adolescence; Adult; Age; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Amyloid beta-Protein; Archives; Arithmetic; Biological Aging; Child; Child Development; Childhood; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Complex; Data; Data Collection; Development; Environmental Risk Factor; Etiology; Funding; Future; Genetic; Goals; Grant; Growth; Image; Individual; Intelligence; Life; Link; Longevity; Maintenance; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Neuropsychology; Nursery Schools; Paper; Personal Communication; Physiological; Procedures; Protocols documentation; Psychometrics; Recording of previous events; Sampling; Scanning; Shapes; Specific qualifier value; Standardization; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Twin Multiple Birth; Twin Studies; United States National Institutes of Health; Update; Vocabulary; Wechsler Scales; age group; age related; cognitive ability; cognitive development; cognitive function; cognitive task; cognitive testing; cohort; data structure; design; human old age (65+); infancy; innovation; interest; middle age; pre-clinical; recruit; response; sound; theories; tool; trend; virtual

Project Summary/Abstract The overarching aim of our current funding (NIH Grant # R01 AG063949-01) is to repurpose the Louisville Twin Study’s original goal of understanding the etiology of child cognitive development into a true lifespan developmental twin study of cognition, including delineation of the etiology of preclinical symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. In the current project period, the third independent aim encompasses modeling effects of cognitive development on cognitive functioning in midlife, adjusting for confounding genetic and environmental factors. Throughout the life of the Louisville Twin Study (LTS), however, recorded ability scores have been age standardized, thus making it impossible to estimate effects of true intraindividual change in cognitive ability over any period of development. Problems with the age- standardized approach are compounded by the administration of different tests (e.g., moving from the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) to the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)) and test editions (e.g., updating from the WAIS-III to the WAIS-IV) that supposedly measure the same latent cognitive abilities. Whether they actually do so is an empirical question that has not been addressed previously in any longitudinal twin study of cognitive ability. All LTS twins’ cognitive ability protocols are available, so individual items could be used in future analyses. We propose using vertical linking methods that allow the administration of validated cognitive tasks without requiring age-standardizing cognitive test scores. Child and adult test content typically is not the same, but there are some items that were administered in childhood that can be retained in adult tests. For the current data collection, three age-appropriate items from the WISC Block Design, Similarities, Vocabulary, Arithmetic, and Information subtests will be administered to all returning LTS adults (projected N = 750). As children, LTS twins completed approximately 10 cognitive ability tests, on average, half of which were WISC tests. With an estimated five WISC protocols administered to each twin, on average, there are greater than 73,000 individual subtests to archive and vertically link child and adult Wechsler ability scores. Item Response Theory models subsequently can be used to place ability scores on the same scale so that ability trends can be studied and compared across different periods of child and adult development. Twins’ latent cognitive ability test scores, thus, will be put on the same scale from age 7 through midlife. Our efforts in the LTS are the first of its kind in longitudinal twin studies of cognitive ability. By linking childhood cognitive tests to adult tests, we will increase the significance and innovation of our findings by specifying the lifespan growth functions of ability at the subtest and latent factor levels to model individual twins’ true intraindividual cognitive ability trajectories.

项目总结/文摘