Racial disparities for the effects of parental marijuana use on youth marijuana and other substance use

项目摘要 年轻人中的大麻使用量一直在增加，各国之间的差距大大扩大。 种族/民族群体。像非裔美国人(AA)青少年这样的少数族裔更有可能报告 使用大麻的人比他们的白人同龄人更多。青春期吸食大麻会损害大脑发育和 导致其他物质滥用和不良健康后果。为了确定潜在的目标， 为减少健康差距而采取的干预措施，迫切需要区分风险和保护因素 大麻的使用与种族和民族有关。随着大麻使用法律环境的变化， 美国和更多的成年人支持大麻合法化，估计有8.2%的母亲和9.6%的人 与青春期子女生活在一起的父亲中，报告过去一年使用过大麻。家庭环境是一个主要因素 青年发展的驱动力，种族和民族家庭经常经历更多的系统性 压迫(例如，体制和人际种族主义、偏见和歧视)和更严重的社会不平等 比他们的白人同龄人，导致急性和慢性压力。因此，我们假设父母 大麻使用独立地预测后代大麻和其他物质的使用，以及代际 大麻的使用在种族和民族家庭中的影响可能更强，特别是在AA家庭中。这个 这项混合方法的顺序解释研究的首要目标是评估 父母吸食大麻与青少年吸食毒品的关系。在目标1中，我们将利用 利用5波亲代和子代数据(n≈3,272)进行纵向全国调查，以检查 G1期大麻使用与随后的G2期大麻、蒸发、烟草和 跨不同种族/民族的其他非法药物使用(AA、H/L与非西班牙裔白人)。在目标2中，我们将 评估大麻合法化状况和其他决定因素的缓和和调解效果(例如， 歧视和心理苦恼)跨种族/族裔群体。在目标3中，我们将进行半 对父母和他们的子女(n≈各96人)的结构化访谈，以定性地检查 父母影响和政策变化对青少年药物使用的交叉影响。代际分析 纵向调查和半结构化访谈将完全整合，相辅相成 提供更有说服力的发现。这项研究的创新之处在于它侧重于评估中国的种族差距 大麻使用在美国国立卫生研究院指定的两个健康差距--AA和H/L中的代际传播 人口。这项研究也及时地应对了迅速变化的政策环境，不断上升的大麻 在年轻人和成年人中使用，以及按种族/民族群体日益扩大的差异，原因不明 种族/族裔群体代际药物使用情况。这些发现将为未来R01的开发提供参考，以 测试有针对性的战略，以防止青少年使用大麻和其他物质，并减少健康差距。 1

Project Summary Marijuana use among youth has been increasing, with considerably enlarged disparities across racial/ethnic groups. Racial minorities like African American (AA) adolescents are more likely to report marijuana use than their White peers. Marijuana use during adolescence can harm brain development and lead to other substance abuse and adverse health outcomes. In order to identify potential targets for interventions to reduce health disparities, there is a critical need to distinguish risk and protective factors for marijuana use that are specific to race and ethnicity. With a shifting legal environment for marijuana use in the United States and more adults supporting marijuana legalization, it is estimated that 8.2% of mothers and 9.6% of fathers living with adolescent offspring reported past-year marijuana use. The family environment is a major driver of youth development, and racial and ethnic families often experience greater exposure to systemic oppression (e.g., institutional and interpersonal racism, bias, and discrimination) and higher social inequality than their White peers, resulting in acute and chronic stress. Therefore, we hypothesize that parental marijuana use independently predicts offspring marijuana and other substance use, and intergenerational effects of marijuana use may be stronger among racial and ethnic families, especially among AA families. The overarching goal of this mixed-methods sequential explanatory study is to assess racial disparities in relationships between parental marijuana use and youth substance use. In Aim 1, we will leverage a longitudinally national survey with 5 waves of parent and offspring data (n≈3,272) to examine the intergenerational association between G1 marijuana use and subsequent G2 marijuana, vaping, tobacco, and other illicit drug use across distinct racial/ethnic groups (AAs, H/Ls vs. non-Hispanic Whites). In Aim 2, we will assess moderation and mediation effects from marijuana legalization status and other determinants (e.g., discrimination and psychological distress) across racial/ethnic groups. In Aim 3, we will conduct semi- structured interviews of parent marijuana users and their offspring (n≈96 each) to qualitatively examine the intersections of parent influences and policy change on youth substance use. Analyses of intergenerational and longitudinal surveys and semi-structured interviews will be fully integrated to complement each other and provide more robust findings. This study is innovative in its focus on assessing racial disparities in the intergenerational transmission of marijuana use in AAs and H/Ls, two NIH-designated health disparity populations. This study is also timely in responding to the rapidly shifting policy environment, rising marijuana use among youth and adults, and growing disparities by racial/ethnic group, with unknown etiology on the intergenerational drug use by racial/ethnic groups. The findings will inform the development of a future R01 to test tailored strategies to prevent youth marijuana and other substance use and reduce health disparities. 1