Regulation of Fat Taste by Adiposity and Endocannabinoids: Implications for Obesity

肥胖和内源性大麻素对脂肪味道的调节：对肥胖的影响

• 批准号: 10593519
• 负责人: Paul A. S Breslin
• 金额: $ 23.29万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-12-01 至 2024-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10593519
• 关键词: 2-arachidonylglycerol; Attenuated; Body fat; Brain; CD36 gene; CNR1 gene; Calories; Cannabidiol; Cells; Chronic; Consumption; Data; Desire for food; Detection; Disease; Dose; Eating; Elements; Endocannabinoids; Energy Intake; Essential Fatty Acids; Evaluation; Fatty Acids; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Food; Growth and Development function; Health; Human; Ice Cream; Intake; Intestines; Lipids; Measurement; Metabolism; Mild obesity; Moods; Motivation; Mus; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Nonesterified Fatty Acids; Nutrient; Obese Mice; Obesity; Omega-6 Fatty Acids; Oral; Oral cavity; Participant; Perception; Physiology; Plasma; Process; Production; Psychology; Regulation; Rewards; Rodent Model; Role; Saturated Fatty Acids; Signal Transduction; Societies; Sodium; Sodium Chloride; System; Taste Perception; Testing; Thinness; Tissues; Triglycerides; Weight; Weight Gain; Work; anandamide; antagonist; diet-induced obesity; endocannabinoid signaling; endogenous cannabinoid system; experimental study; food craving; food environment; hedonic; insight; long chain fatty acid; moderate obesity; obese person; preference; public health relevance; receptor; response; sugar; taste system; therapeutic target; trend

Project Summary/Abstract: The enjoyment of fat-rich foods has benefitted our species by providing necessary energy, as well as lipid components that are crucial for growth and development. Thus, it is no surprise that fatty acid detection components have been recently identified in taste tissue, likely evolved for the necessary intake of energy and essential fatty acids. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has recently been implicated in both the detection of and reward conferred by fatty acids in fatty foods. These detection and reward systems serve to increase intake of triglyceride-rich foods, which is evolutionarily advantageous. Today, an overabundance of LCFAs, especially omega 6 and saturated fatty acids, are present in processed foods and snacks (doughnuts, ice cream, etc.), adding to the growing global obesity phenomenon. In particular, the anabolic ECS that drives consumption by strengthening fat intake reward is damaging health in the Western food environment. We presently seek to understand how the endocannabinoid system impacts oral fatty acid detection and the hedonic evaluation of fatty, palatable foods, as well as how these parameters are altered in obese individuals. These experiments will allow us to understand how to develop therapeutic targets of the ECS in order to sensitize ‘fat taste’ and reduce the desire for and consumption of fatty foods in obese individuals.

项目概要/摘要： 享受富含脂肪的食物通过提供必要的能量和脂质而使我们的物种受益 这对增长和发展至关重要。因此，毫不奇怪，脂肪酸检测 最近在味觉组织中发现了一些成分，可能是为了摄入必要的能量而进化的， 必需脂肪酸内源性大麻素系统（ECS）最近被牵连在两个检测 和奖励所赋予的脂肪酸在脂肪食物。这些检测和奖励系统有助于增加摄入量 富含维生素E的食物，这在进化上是有利的。今天，LCFA过多，特别是 ω-6和饱和脂肪酸，存在于加工食品和零食（甜甜圈，冰淇淋等）中， 增加了全球肥胖现象的增长。特别是，合成代谢ECS通过 加强脂肪摄入奖励是损害健康的西餐环境。我们目前寻求 了解内源性大麻素系统如何影响口服脂肪酸检测和 脂肪，可口的食物，以及这些参数如何在肥胖个体中改变。这些实验将 使我们能够了解如何开发ECS的治疗靶点，以使“脂肪味”敏感并减少 肥胖个体对脂肪食物的渴望和消费。