The Role of Genetic Risk Factors in Keratinocyte Carcinoma Susceptibility

修改项目摘要/摘要部分 角化细胞癌（Keratinocyte carcinoma，KC）是皮肤癌中最常见的一种，包括基底细胞癌和鳞状细胞癌。 在美国常见的恶性肿瘤，每年折磨大约300万美国人。治疗 是所有癌症中最昂贵的。基底细胞癌和鳞状细胞癌都来源于 表皮角化细胞，但尽管共享相同的细胞起源，这两个角化细胞癌， 沿着沿着不同的致癌途径发散。KCs的风险因素包括先天因素，如遗传风险 位点和公平的色素沉着，和环境暴露，包括阳光照射，吸烟， 免疫抑制最近，遗传关联研究已经开始揭示特定的遗传风险因素 基础KC。然而，我们对这些KC遗传风险位点中的哪一个的理解仍然存在差距， 影响KC的风险，并影响对基底细胞癌和鳞状细胞癌的易感性 特别是癌症，这些基因座如何受到环境暴露的影响，以及这些基因座如何影响 攻击性和高负荷KC。这项研究将确定KC遗传风险位点是否具有以下影响： 特异于基底细胞癌或鳞状细胞癌，或者在这两种类型的KC中共有。我们 将进一步评估环境因素，包括阳光照射，吸烟和免疫抑制， 影响这些风险。最后，我们将开发一个高负荷KC的风险预测模型，该模型建立在我们的 最近开发的鳞状细胞癌风险预测工具cSCC评分。该工具将改善我们的 了解KC发病机制，帮助指导癌症筛查决策

Modified Project Summary/Abstract Section Keratinocyte carcinoma (KC), comprised of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, is the most common malignancy in the United States, afflicting approximately 3 million Americans annually. The treatment of KCs is among the most costly of all cancers. Both basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma derive from epidermal keratinocytes, but despite sharing the same cell of origin, these two keratinocyte carcinomas diverge along distinct oncogenic pathways. Risk factors for KCs include innate factors, such as genetic risk loci and fair pigmentation, and environmental exposures, including sun exposure, smoking, and immunosuppression. Recently, genetic association studies have begun to reveal specific genetic risk factors underlying KCs. However, there remains a gap in our understanding of which of these KC genetic risk loci affect the risk of KC in general and which affect susceptibility to basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma specifically, how these loci are influenced by environmental exposures, and how these loci impact aggressive and high burden KCs. This study will determine whether KC genetic risk loci have effects that are specific to basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma, or are shared across these two types of KC. We will further evaluate how environmental factors, including sun exposure, smoking, and immunosuppression influences these risks. Finally, we will develop a risk prediction model of high burden KCs, that builds on our recently developed risk prediction tool for squamous cell carcinoma, cSCCscore. This tool will improve our understanding of KC pathogenesis and help guide cancer screening decisions