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Elucidating the neural mechanisms behind transcranial direct current stimulation

阐明经颅直流电刺激背后的神经机制

基本信息

批准号：
10611935
负责人：
MYLES Mc Laughlin
金额：
$ 20.92万
依托单位：
KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT LEUVEN
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-07-01 至 2025-04-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10611935
关键词：
Affect Anesthetics Animal Experiments Animals Automobile Driving Behavioral Brain Cell Nucleus Cephalic Cervical nerves Clinical Trials Cognitive Communication Cranial Nerves Cream Development Devices Effectiveness Electrodes Electrophysiology (science)Funding Human Human Resources Impaired cognition Investigation Knowledge Learning Marketing Medical Membrane Memory Mental Depression Mental disorders Methods Monitor Motor Motor Cortex Motor Evoked Potentials Nature Neurons Norepinephrine Peripheral Nerve Stimulation Peripheral Nerves Positioning Attribute Publications Rattus Reporting Reproducibility Resources Role Route Sales Scalp structure Schizophrenia Series Sympathetic Nervous System Synaptic plasticity Testing Time Trigeminal nerve structure Work addiction compare effectiveness cranium effectiveness evaluation electric field empowerment experience experimental study healthy volunteer improved insight locus ceruleus structure mild cognitive impairment motor learning nervous system disorder neural neuromechanism neurophysiology neuroregulation novel pharmacologic skills transcranial direct current stimulation transcutaneous stimulation

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation method in which direct current is passed through scalp electrodes. The current flows through the scalp, skull and CSF before creating a weak electric field in the brain and causing membrane polarization in cortical neurons. Over the last 20 years, thousands of studies have highlighted many wide ranging tDCS effects on perceptual, cognitive and motor function. More recently, clinical trials have begun to assess the effectiveness of tDCS in treating mental illnesses such as addiction, depression and schizophrenia. However, in spite of the massive amount of financial and scientific resources directed towards tDCS, there is considerable debate about its effectiveness and reproducibility. Perhaps even more surprisingly, the basic mechanism though which tDCS exerts these effects remains unknown. The aim of this project is to answer this fundamental question by elucidating and understanding the mechanisms driving the reported tDCS effects. In addition to the neuromodulatory effects caused by direct polarization of cortical neurons, tDCS also stimulates cranial and cervical nerves in the scalp that give indirect input to the brain. Potential effects from this indirect tDCS neuromodulatory route have been largely overlooked by the field. This project will combine healthy volunteer and animal experiments to investigate a range of potential tDCS mechanisms. Healthy volunteer’s experiments will use careful controls and pharmacological blockers to probe the potential mechanisms that are driving tDCS effects. Animal electrophysiology experiments will be used to test the validity of and to provide insight into these mechanisms. Given the current issues in the tDCS field, the deeper mechanistic insight provided by this project will be vital in advancing the tDCS field at this critical juncture. The new insight provided by this project will help direct financial and scientific resources towards the development of improved noninvasive neuromodulation therapies, which can then more effectively treat a wide range of neurological and psychiatric disorders.

项目总结/摘要经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）是一种非侵入性的神经调节方法，其中直接电流通过头皮电极。电流流过头皮，头骨和脑脊液，在大脑中产生微弱的电场并导致皮层神经元的膜极化。来在过去的20年里，成千上万的研究强调了tDCS对知觉、认知和行为的广泛影响。和运动功能。最近，临床试验已经开始评估tDCS在治疗成瘾、抑郁症和精神分裂症等精神疾病。然而，尽管数量巨大，针对tDCS的财政和科学资源，有相当多的辩论，有效性和可重复性。也许更令人惊讶的是，tDCS的基本机制这些影响仍然是未知的。本项目的目的是回答这个基本问题，阐明和理解驱动所报道的tDCS效应的机制。除了有在由皮层神经元的直接极化引起的神经调节作用中，tDCS还刺激颅和头皮上的颈神经，间接地向大脑输入信息。该间接tDCS的潜在影响神经调节途径在很大程度上被该领域所忽视。这个项目将联合收割机健康的志愿者和动物实验来研究一系列潜在的tDCS机制。健康志愿者实验将使用仔细的控制和药理学阻断剂来探索潜在的机制，正在推动tDCS效应。动物电生理学实验将用于测试和的有效性，深入了解这些机制。考虑到目前tDCS领域的问题，在这个关键时刻，该项目提供的见解对推动tDCS领域的发展至关重要。到新的insight 该项目提供的技术将有助于将财政和科学资源用于开发改进的非侵入性神经调节疗法，可以更有效地治疗各种神经系统疾病，和精神疾病