IMPROVING COVID-19 VACCINATION UPTAKE IN HIV POSITIVE PREGNANT WOMEN IN NIGERIA

A.项目概要/摘要 由于目前的全球性破坏和生命损失，生计，并分享痛苦的结果， 2019冠状病毒病大流行，特别是在卫生保健系统薄弱和资源有限的情况下， 在非洲，有必要进行研究，提供关于治疗和 预防选择，并了解不同人群的特殊性，因为他们的反应。 有效的COVID-19疫苗在很大程度上有助于成功抗击 在过去的18个月里，虽然大多数发达国家已经接种了疫苗， 在超过70%的人口中，只有21个非洲国家完全接种了10%至20%的疫苗。 占人口的19%。尼日利亚仅为7.2%的成年人口接种了疫苗， 只有0.4%，目前没有孕妇或艾滋病毒感染者接种疫苗的数据。 人士即使在非洲疫苗供应改善的情况下， 提高这些国家疫苗覆盖率的能力。我们正在进行的NIH资助的BEAMING 补助金（5 U 01 HD 094658）位于一家三级医院，我们在那里进行了研究， 20多年来，包括两项前瞻性自然史出生队列研究， 第一次从世界的这一部分迅速提供信息的独特位置 这就是弱势群体。本补充提交文件基于BEAMING 解决对公共卫生具有重大意义的研究问题的经验和基础设施 社会和文化规范，可以解释疫苗犹豫在这个脆弱的人群。 我们计划利用这些信息来发展文化上和社会上可接受的教育， 针对艾滋病毒孕妇疫苗犹豫的驱动因素的材料和会议， 与尼日利亚的未感染孕妇对照组相匹配，目的是重新制定政策， 提高COVID-19疫苗接种率的策略，为其他SARS浪潮做准备 COV-2或未来的流行病通过三个具体目标。目标1将记录社会和文化 尼日利亚孕妇对COVID-19疫苗犹豫不决的原因以及艾滋病毒是否 感染造成了额外的负担。目标2将制定战略和教育 材料，以改善COVID-19疫苗的犹豫和覆盖率在这一人群的基础上， 从目标1得到的答案。目标3将记录抗SARS-CoV-2的存在 感染或未感染HIV-1的孕妇的抗体;如果可能， 在他们的婴儿中存在抗SARS-CoV-2被动转移抗体。

A. Project Summary/Abstract With the current global devastation and loss of lives, livelihood, and share suffering as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, especially with the weak health care systems and limited resources in Africa, there is need to conduct research that will provide valuable information on treatment and prevention options and to understand the peculiarities of different populations as they respond. The effective COVID-19 vaccines have been largely instrumental to success in fighting the pandemic in the last 18 months. While most countries in the developed world have vaccinated over 70% of their population, only 21 African countries have fully vaccinated between 10% and 19% of their populations. Nigeria has only vaccinated 7.2% of its adult population and boosted only 0.4% and there is currently no data of vaccination in pregnant women or HIV infected persons. Even with the improved access of vaccines to Africa, vaccine hesitancy continues to limit the ability to improve vaccine coverage in these countries. Our ongoing NIH funded BEAMING grant (5U01HD094658) situated at a tertiary hospital where we have conducted research for over 20 years and including two prospective natural history birth cohort studies in HIV is uniquely placed to rapidly provide information for the first time from this part of the world that is this vulnerable population. This supplemental submission builds on the BEAMING experience and infrastructure to address research questions of great public health importance on social and culture norms that could explain vaccine hesitancy in this vulnerable population. We plan to use the information to develop culturally and socially acceptable educational materials and sessions that target drivers of vaccine hesitancy in HIV pregnant women and their matched uninfected pregnant controls in Nigeria, with the objective of re-shaping policies and strategies towards improved COVID-19 vaccines uptake in preparation for other waves of SARS COV-2 or future pandemics through three specific aims. Aim 1 will document social and cultural reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among pregnant women in Nigeria and whether HIV infection creates an additional layer of burden. Aim 2 will develop strategies and educational materials to improve COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and coverage in this population based on responses obtained from Aim 1. Aim 3 will document for the presence of anti- SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in infected pregnant women with or without HIV-1 infection; and if possible, the presence of anti- SARS-CoV-2 passively transferred antibodies in their infants.