Regulation of whole-body regeneration

项目摘要/摘要 具有再生能力的生物一直是揭示自然界的信息模型 组织损伤激活干细胞或祖细胞进行损伤修复的机制。是这样的 系统不仅需要新形成分化细胞的来源和对 创伤，但也是关键的，空间信息系统，信号组织的存在/不存在 以控制适当的再生结果，并将组织恢复到其原始规模和细胞 数。虽然再生组织已经被广泛地探讨了损伤诱导的作用 信号和干细胞或祖细胞的参与，对分子的了解要少得多 以及能够在受伤后恢复形态并维持其形态的发育过程 通过成年后的成长。这项资助旨在了解早期对称性中涉及的因素- 损伤后的破裂事件，建立和使用信号中心以控制 再生性生长，全身再生可以强劲恢复的机制 组织比例和恢复动态平衡，并确定使用的控制机制 全身再生中的祖细胞。这项工作将比较 两个遥远进化的模型系统，蓝藻Schmidta Medterranea和Acoel 利用表达Piwi的多能基因进行全身再生的丝状丝虫 成体干细胞称为新生成骨细胞。使用表达谱分析、RNAi筛选和空间 转录学，这些研究将揭示什么因素和全身再生的策略 是古老而保守的。这些方法将揭示 控制成体组织修复、生长和动态平衡的生物体。

Project Summary/Abstract Organisms with regenerative abilities have been informative models for uncovering natural mechanisms by which tissue damage activates stem or progenitor cells for injury repair. Such systems require not only sources for newly forming differentiated cells and initial responses to wounding, but also critically, spatial information systems that signal tissue presence/absence in order to control appropriate regeneration outcomes and restore tissue to its original scale and cell number. While regenerative tissues have been extensively probed for the roles of injury-induced signals and the involvement of stem or progenitor cells, much less is known about the molecular and developmental processes that enable the restoration of form after injury and its maintenance through adult growth. This grant seeks to understand the factors involved in the early symmetry- breaking events after injury, the process of establishing and using signaling centers for control of regenerative growth, the mechanism by which whole-body regeneration can robustly restore tissue proportionality and restore homeostasis, and identify the control mechanisms used by progenitor cells in whole body regeneration. The work will compare regeneration mechanisms in two distantly evolved model systems, the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea and the acoel Hofstenia miamia, each capable of whole-body regeneration using Piwi-expressing pluripotent adult stem cells termed neoblasts. Using expression profiling, RNAi screening and spatial transcriptomics, these studies will reveal what factors and strategies of whole-body regeneration are ancient and conserved. These approaches will reveal foundational mechanisms used by organisms to control adult tissue repair, growth, and homeostasis.