the Gut Microbiome as a Disease Modifier of Heterotopic Ossification

进行性骨化性纤维发育不良(FOP)是一种目前无法治疗的遗传性疾病，其中骨骼肌 修复被重定向到软骨内骨形成(异位骨化，HO)，导致疼痛，肌肉 破坏和联合融合，导致逐渐的固定和最终过早死亡。这个项目 将探讨微生物区系在炎症中的作用和HO在FOP中的作用。目标1：确定肠道的调节作用 微生物组在FOP小鼠疾病进展中的作用。先进的共生方法与无菌FOP小鼠 以明确的促炎或抗炎微生物区系定植。我们还将测试膳食补充剂是否含有 加强肠道屏障完整性的益生菌或化合物将减少FOP进展。目标2：确定 微生物群在趋化因子依赖的MCY和巨噬细胞极化和迁移中的作用 增强FOP中的EHO。这些研究将确定肠道微生物群是否通过以下方式加重FOP中的EHO 骨髓MCYs/M-ΦS对趋化因子诱导的趋化作用的增敏及其表达 耀斑期间的促炎趋化因子，它们共同增加了炎症的渗透和炎症极化 Φ和M-McYs S。目的3：建立肠道微生物区系与单核/巨噬细胞的关系 人类和小鼠FOP耀斑的激活和严重程度。这些研究将确定肠道微生物 FOP患者的社区通过增加全身炎症基调来调节疾病进展，因此 启动mCy/MΦ激活。将从FOP患者身上收集粪便样本，进行微生物区系分析和 与FOP疾病结局相关。我们还将用人类的微生物群来定植无菌FOP小鼠 FOP患者通过人类微生物群联合(HMA)方法进行粪便移植。最后，我们将使用一个新的 微流控培养系统检测人IPSC来源的M_1和M_2样M-ΦS的反应 和FOP患者之间的关系。这些研究将提供对 肠道微生物组如何影响HO，并为测试肠道微生物组操作如何增强HO提供了基础 FOP和非遗传性HO的治疗。

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a currently untreatable genetic disease in which skeletal muscle repair is redirected to endochondral bone formation (heterotopic ossification, HO) causing pain, muscle destruction, and joint fusion, leading to progressive immobilization and eventually premature death. This project will explore the role of microbiota in inflammation and HO in FOP. Aim 1: Identify the modulatory roles of the gut microbiome in disease progression in FOP mice. Advanced gnotobiotic methods and germ-free FOP mice colonized with defined pro- or anti-inflammatory microbiota. We will also test whether dietary supplementation with probiotic bacteria or compounds that tighten gut barrier integrity will reduce FOP progression. Aim 2: Identify the role of the microbiome in chemokine-dependent polarization and migration of MCYs and macrophages that enhance EHO in FOP. These studies will determine whether the gut microbiome exacerbates EHO in FOP by sensitizing bone marrow MCYs/MΦs to chemokine-induced chemotaxis and increasing the expression of proinflammatory chemokines during flares, which together increase infiltration and inflammatory polarization of MCYs and MΦs. Aim 3: Establish the relationship between gut microbiota, monocyte/macrophage activation, and severity of FOP flares in humans and mice. These studies will determine if the gut microbial community in patients with FOP modulates disease progression by increasing systemic inflammatory tone, thus priming MCY/MΦ activation. Stool samples will be collected from patients with FOP, microbiota analyzed and correlated with FOP disease outcomes. We will also colonize germ-free FOP mice with the microbiome of human FOP patients by fecal transplant in a human microbiome-association (HMA) approach. Finally, we will use a new microfluidic culture system to determine the responses of human iPSC derived M1- and M2-like MΦs from control and FOP patients to defined microbiome antigens.These studies will provide novel mechanistic understanding of how the gut microbiome affects HO and provide a basis for testing how gut microbiome manipulation may augment treatment of FOP and non-genetic HO.