the Gut Microbiome as a Disease Modifier of Heterotopic Ossification

进行性骨化性纤维发育不良（FOP）是一种目前无法治疗的遗传性疾病，其中骨骼肌 修复被重定向到软骨内骨形成（异位骨化，HO），引起疼痛，肌肉 破坏和关节融合，导致进行性固定和最终过早死亡。这个项目 将探索微生物群在炎症中的作用和HO在FOP中的作用。目的1：确定肠道的调节作用 微生物组在FOP小鼠疾病进展中的作用。先进的无菌方法和无菌FOP小鼠 被确定的促炎或抗炎微生物群定殖。我们还将测试膳食补充剂是否 益生菌或收紧肠道屏障完整性的化合物将减少FOP的进展。目标2：确定 微生物组在MCY和巨噬细胞的趋化因子依赖性极化和迁移中的作用， 增强FOP中的EHO。这些研究将通过以下方式确定肠道微生物组是否会加重FOP中的EHO 使骨髓MCYs/MΦs对趋化因子诱导的趋化性敏感，并增加 在耀斑期间，促炎趋化因子，它们共同增加了浸润和炎症极化， MCY和MΦ。目的3：建立肠道菌群、单核细胞/巨噬细胞之间的关系 激活和严重程度的FOP耀斑在人类和小鼠。这些研究将确定肠道微生物 FOP患者的社区通过增加全身炎症反应调节疾病进展， 启动MCY/MΦ活化。将从FOP患者收集粪便样本，分析微生物群， 与FOP疾病结局相关。我们还将在无菌FOP小鼠中定植人类微生物组， FOP患者通过人类微生物组相关（HMA）方法进行粪便移植。最后，我们将使用新的 微流控培养系统，以确定来自对照的人iPSC衍生的M1-和M2-样MΦ的响应 和FOP患者定义的微生物组抗原。这些研究将提供新的机制的理解， 肠道微生物组如何影响HO，并为测试肠道微生物组操作如何增加HO提供基础。 治疗FOP和非遗传性HO。

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a currently untreatable genetic disease in which skeletal muscle repair is redirected to endochondral bone formation (heterotopic ossification, HO) causing pain, muscle destruction, and joint fusion, leading to progressive immobilization and eventually premature death. This project will explore the role of microbiota in inflammation and HO in FOP. Aim 1: Identify the modulatory roles of the gut microbiome in disease progression in FOP mice. Advanced gnotobiotic methods and germ-free FOP mice colonized with defined pro- or anti-inflammatory microbiota. We will also test whether dietary supplementation with probiotic bacteria or compounds that tighten gut barrier integrity will reduce FOP progression. Aim 2: Identify the role of the microbiome in chemokine-dependent polarization and migration of MCYs and macrophages that enhance EHO in FOP. These studies will determine whether the gut microbiome exacerbates EHO in FOP by sensitizing bone marrow MCYs/MΦs to chemokine-induced chemotaxis and increasing the expression of proinflammatory chemokines during flares, which together increase infiltration and inflammatory polarization of MCYs and MΦs. Aim 3: Establish the relationship between gut microbiota, monocyte/macrophage activation, and severity of FOP flares in humans and mice. These studies will determine if the gut microbial community in patients with FOP modulates disease progression by increasing systemic inflammatory tone, thus priming MCY/MΦ activation. Stool samples will be collected from patients with FOP, microbiota analyzed and correlated with FOP disease outcomes. We will also colonize germ-free FOP mice with the microbiome of human FOP patients by fecal transplant in a human microbiome-association (HMA) approach. Finally, we will use a new microfluidic culture system to determine the responses of human iPSC derived M1- and M2-like MΦs from control and FOP patients to defined microbiome antigens.These studies will provide novel mechanistic understanding of how the gut microbiome affects HO and provide a basis for testing how gut microbiome manipulation may augment treatment of FOP and non-genetic HO.