RECONSTRUCTING VAGAL ANATOMY

重建迷走神经解剖结构

• 批准号: 10913275
• 负责人: STAVROS ZANOS
• 金额: $ 208.9万
• 依托单位: FEINSTEIN INSTITUTE FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-21 至 2024-09-20
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10913275
• 关键词: Abdomen; Anatomy; Brain; Brain Stem; Chest; Communication; Communities; Fascicle; Fiber; Human; Maps; Microanatomy; Microscopic; Motor; Neck; Nerve; Nerve Fibers; Neuroimmune; Organ; Sensory; Structure; Vagus nerve structure; Visceral; autonomic reflex; gastrointestinal; nerve supply; neuroregulation

With its large numbers of afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor) fibers, the vagus is the main conduit for bidirectional communication between the brain and visceral organs and participates in autonomic reflexes regulating cardiorespiratory, gastrointestinal, and neuroimmune functions. In the human vagus, nerve fibers are arranged in fascicles. Along the vagus, afferent and efferent fibers leave the fascicles and emerge from the nerve trunk to form branches, which in turn provide sensory and motor innervation to essentially all visceral organs in the neck, chest and abdomen. Even though much is known about the macroscopic and microscopic anatomy of the vagus, the spatial organization of fascicles and fibers within the nerve, as it relates to the innervated organs and the sensory and motor functions of the vagus, is largely unknown. The spatial organization of fibers in the human vagus has implications for vagus neuromodulation therapies. The overall objective of this proposal is to create and share with the scientific community a quantified map of the fascicular and microscopic structure and the organ connectivity of the human vagus nerve, from the brainstem to the abdominal region, with several cross-registered layers of anatomical information at the organ branch, fascicle, and single fiber level.

迷走神经具有大量的传入（感觉）和传出（运动）纤维，是大脑和内脏器官之间双向通信的主要管道，并参与调节心肺、胃肠道和神经免疫功能的自主反射。在人类迷走神经中，神经纤维排列成束。沿着迷走神经，传入纤维和传出纤维离开神经束并从神经干出现以形成分支，其进而向颈部、胸部和腹部中的基本上所有内脏器官提供感觉和运动神经支配。尽管对迷走神经的宏观和微观解剖学有很多了解，但神经内的神经束和纤维的空间组织，因为它涉及受神经支配的器官以及迷走神经的感觉和运动功能，在很大程度上是未知的。人类迷走神经中纤维的空间组织对迷走神经调节疗法具有意义。本提案的总体目标是创建并与科学界共享人类迷走神经从脑干到腹部区域的分支和微观结构以及器官连接性的量化地图，在器官分支、分支和单纤维水平上具有几个交叉配准的解剖信息层。